A BILL To Reduce the Federal Budget Deficit and Improve the Economy Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. Short title. This Act may be cited as: (a) the “Francis Harvey Bernard American Economic Security and Recovery Act of 2026” or “AESARA-2026,” (b) the “Francis Harvey Bernard National Economic Security and Recovery Act of 2026” or “NESARA-2026,” (c) the “BUSTY Act”, (d) the “Bigger Beautiful Bill Act” or “BBBA”.“” Sec. 2. References to United States Code. Unless otherwise specified, all Titles referred to within this Act are within the U.S. Code, and all paragraphs, subparagraphs, and other organizationally separated components thereof shall be referred to as subsections; any amendment to any part of the U.S. Code shall be treated as an amendment to any corresponding part of any Act. Sec. 3. Severability. If any provision of this Act, an amendment made by this Act, or the application of such provision or amendment to any person or circumstance is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this Act, the amendments made by this Act, and the application of the provisions of such to any person or circumstance shall not be affected thereby. Sec. 4. Effective date. All provisions of this Act shall enter into effect upon the proclamation of such by the President of the United States. Sec. 5. Spending controls. (a) Notwithstanding the Impoundment Control Act of 1974, the President shall fund this Act via impoundment of funding during each fiscal year for which funding is appropriated, provided that such impounding shall be approved by the Government Accountability Office or Office of Management and Budget based on a formula that shall be deficit neutral. (b) Except as necessary in order to finance this Act's expenditures pursuant to subsection (a), any revenues generated by this Act or reductions in spending caused by this Act shall go towards the payment of the federal debt. (c) This section shall not apply to division E or any revenues generated by division E, reduction in spending related to division E, or appropriation for the purpose of fulfilling division E. Sec. 6. Table of Contents. SECTION 1. Short title. Sec. 2. References to United States Code. Sec. 3. Severability. Sec. 4. Effective date. Sec. 5. Spending controls. Sec. 6. Table of Contents. DIVISION A—DEFICIT REDUCTION ACT OF 2026 Sec. 99. Division title. Sec. 100. Table of Contents. TITLE I—Nonprofit Organizations Reform Act TITLE II—Social Security Reform of 2026 TITLE III—Civil Service Reform of 2026 TITLE IV—Government Corporations Revenue Act of 2026 TITLE V—Deregulation for the Deficit Act of 2026 TITLE VI—Immigration for the Economy Act of 2026 TITLE VII—Regulation for the Deficit Act of 2026 TITLE VIII—Tariff Act of 2026 TITLE IX-Internal Revenue Act of 2026 TITLE X-Small Business Financial Recovery Act of 2026 TITLE XI-Foreign Aid Reduction and Sanctions Act of 2026 TITLE XII-Spending Reduction Act TITLE XIII-NDAA Repeal Act TITLE XIV-Administrative Streamlining Act TITLE XV-Criminal Justice Reform For Economic Improvement Act DIVISION B—INFRASTRUCTURE MODERNIZATION ACT OF 2026 TITLE I—Surface transportation Title II—United States Army Corps of Engineers Title III—Energy Title IV—Pipelines Title V—Industrial Revitalization Title VI—Air Transportation DIVISION C—DOMESTIC TRANQUILITY ACT OF 2026 Sec. 1. Short title. Sec. 2. Rule of construction. TITLE I—Subversive Activities Control TITLE II—Immigration Reform In The Interest Of National Stability TITLE III—Deplatforming Regulation TITLE IV—Emergency Detention TITLE V—National Militia Movement TITLE VI—George Zimmerman Crime Control Act TITLE VII—Speedy Appeal Act DIVISION D—MAKE AMERICA HEALTHY AGAIN TITLE I—Expenditures Subtitle A—Patient Access to Public Health Programs Subtitle B—Medicaid Program Enhancement Subtitle C—Per Capita Allotment for Medical Assistance Subtitle D—Patient Relief and Health Insurance Market Stability Subtitle E—Implementation Funding Subtitle F—Research Subtitle G—Rural Healthcare Subtitle H—Medicare Expansion Subtitle I—CHIP Reauthorization Through 2035 TITLE II—Revenues Subtitle A—Repeal and Replace of Health-Related Tax Policy Subtitle B—Repeal of Certain Consumer Taxes Subtitle C—Encouragement of Adoption of Domestic Orphans Subtitle D—Remuneration From Certain Insurers Subtitle E—Repeal of Net Investment Income Tax TITLE III—Abortion and contraception Subtitle A—Prohibition on abortion. Subtitle B—Technical provisions. Subtitle C—Other regulations relating to remains and contraception. Subtitle D—Backup regulations. Subtitle E—Further provisions. TITLE IV—Regulations Subtitle A—General Regulation Reduction and Reform Subtitle B—Regulatory Reform for Health Insurance and Exchanges Subtitle C—Prescription Drugs and Related Provisions Subtitle D—Protecting Consumers from Unhealthy Food Subtitle E—Making America Fit Again TITLE V—Pandemics and Epidemics Subtitle A—Pandemic preparedness Subtitle B—Public Health Service Subtitle C—Pandemic recovery TITLE VI—Veterans TITLE VII—Education DIVISION E—ALL-OF-GOVERNMENT RESPONSE TO THE IMMIGRATION CRISIS DIVISION F—FARMERS FIRST FARM BILL TITLE I—Reauthorization of USDA Programs. TITLE II—Education for Rural Americans. TITLE III—Regulatory Relief for Rural Americans. TITLE IV—Debt Relief for Family Farmers. DIVISION A—Deficit Reduction Act of 2026 Sec. 99. Division title. This Division may be cited as the “Deficit Reduction Act of 2026”. Sec. 100. Table of Contents. The table of contents of this Division is as follows— Sec. 99. Short title. Sec. 100. Table of Contents. TITLE I—Nonprofit Organizations Reform Act Sec. 101. Core nonprofit reform. Sec. 102. Effective date and enforcement. Sec. 103. Certain religious organizations.—Title 26 subsection 501(d) is amended as follows: Sec. 104. Disqualification of racketeering organizations. Sec. 105. Special consideration for specific sovereign institutions. Sec. 114. Federal financial assistance not to include certain tax benefits. TITLE II—Social Security Reform of 2026 Sec. 201. OASDI-component flexbility. Sec. 202. Medicare funding. Sec. 203. Adjustment of high-income SECA tax. Sec. 204. Social Security Trust Fund reformation. Sec. 205. Negotiation of lower covered part D drug prices on behalf of Medicare beneficiaries; Establishment and application of formulary by the Secretary of Health and Human Services under Medicare part D. Sec. 206. Requiring drug manufacturers to provide drug rebates for drugs dispensed to low-income individuals. Sec. 207. Medicare payments to hospitals contingent on implementation of security procedures regarding infant patient protection and baby switching. Sec. 208. Phase-out of divorcee spousal benefits. Sec. 209. Indexing of cost-of-living adjustments to chained consumer price index. Sec. 210. Calculation of benefits based on highest 40 years of earnings. Sec. 211. Restriction of disability insurance eligibility. Sec. 212. Disqualification of non-citizens. Sec. 213. Funding for Certain Federal Health Programs from Hospital Insurance Trust Fund. Sec. 214. Progressive Premium Adjustments for Medicare Parts B and D. Sec. 215. Fraud Reduction and Mandatory Refiling Program. TITLE III—Civil Service Reform of 2026 Sec. 301. Data standards for grant reporting. Sec. 302. Single audit act. Sec. 303. Consolidation of assistance-related information; publication of public information as open data. Sec. 304. Evaluation of nonproprietary identifiers. Sec. 305. Definitions. Sec. 306. Rule of construction. Sec. 307. No additional funds authorized. Sec. 308. Repeal of deadwood. Sec. 309. Nondiscrimination in federal employment. TITLE IV—Government Corporations Revenue Act of 2026 Sec. 401. P.O. Box discrimination. Sec. 402. Reform of postal employment law. Sec. 403. Postal savings system. Sec. 404. Ending Porch Piracy in America. Sec. 405. Post office emergency suspension website. Sec. 406. Government loans interest. TITLE V—Deregulation for the Deficit Act of 2026 Sec. 501. Internet taxation reduced. Sec. 502. Export of unapproved products. Sec. 503. Electronic duck stamps. Sec. 504. Modification of definition of sport fishing equipment under the Toxic Substances Control Act. Sec. 505. Target practice and marksmanship. Sec. 506. Exemption for subsistence users. Sec. 507. Permits for importation of polar bear trophies taken in sport hunts in Canada. Sec. 508. Baiting of migratory game birds. Sec. 509. Recreational fishing, hunting, and recreational shooting on Federal public land. Sec. 510. Annual permit and fee for film crews of 5 persons or fewer. Sec. 511. Production of fruits and vegetables for processing on covered commodity base acres. Sec. 512. Commercial whaling. Sec. 513. Misleading domain names on the Internet. Sec. 514. En bloc consideration of resolutions of disapproval pertaining to “midnight rules”. Sec. 515. Sturgeon held in captivity or controlled environments. Sec. 516. Firearm licensing revocations and denials. Sec. 517. Employee-employer cooperation organizations. Sec. 518. HUD reform. Sec. 519. Vandalism and graffiti against mass transportation systems; assaults committed on mass transportation systems. TITLE VI—Immigration for the Economy Act of 2026 Sec. 601. Family-sponsored cap. Sec. 602. Cap exception for seniors. Sec. 603. Employment-based cap. Sec. 604. Discontinuation of diversity immigration. Sec. 605. Repeal of certain work visas. Sec. 606. Special immigration authorized. Sec. 607. Repeal of certain preferences. Sec. 608. Desired Industries Growth Immigration. Sec. 609. State-based program for immigration from high-unemployment countries. Sec. 610. Reforming American Immigration for a Strong Economy Act Sec. 611. Termination of exemption from numerical limitations for H–1B nonimmigrants employed by institutions of higher education. Sec. 612. Secure Commercial Driver Licensure. Sec. 613. Citizenship at birth exclusions for certain persons born in the United States. Sec. 614. Termination of certain exceptions from H–1B nonimmigrant visa numerical limitation. Sec. 615. Inadmissibility and deportability related to defrauding the United States Government or unlawfully receiving public benefits. Sec. 616. Interference with immigration enforcement. Sec. 617. Ineligibility of sanctuary jurisdictions for community development block grants. Sec. 618. Reduction of costs associated to foreign entry into the borders of the United States. TITLE VII—Regulation for the Deficit Act of 2026 Sec. 701. Clean water regulations reform. Sec. 702. Increased penalty for misleading domains. Sec. 703. Bad Samaritan Liability. Sec. 704. Tax on obscene products. Sec. 705. Amendments to the family and medical leave act of 1993. Sec. 706. Destruction of adulterated, misbranded, or counterfeit tobacco products offered for import. Sec. 707. Regulation of human cadaveric islet transplants. Sec. 708. Amendments to Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998. Sec. 709. Prohibition on surrogacy arrangements involving sex offenders. Sec. 710. Mandatory paternity testing. TITLE VIII—Tariff Act of 2026 Sec. 801. Postal Cost Equalization Tariff. Sec. 802. Ending tariff loopholes. Sec. 803. Emergency national security tariff powers. TITLE IX-Internal Revenue Act of 2026 Sec. 901. Tax on employers with employees receiving certain Federal benefits. Sec. 902. Unlawful employment practices related to Federal benefits of applicants. Sec. 903. Extension of OBBBA tax reform. Sec. 904. Denial of green energy tax benefits to companies connected to countries of concern. Sec. 905. Border wall trust fund. Sec. 906. Vape tax. Sec. 907. Tobacco importation. Sec. 908. Wager tax. Sec. 909. Excise tax on sexual services. Sec. 910. Elimination of old credits. Sec. 911. Telephone excise tax. Sec. 912. Immigration equalization tax. Sec. 913. Donation to pay down national debt. Sec. 914. Tax reforms for improved social conditions. Sec. 915. Definition of head of household. Sec. 916. Gross income calculation and equitable tax rules. Sec. 917. Adjustment of base erosion amounts. Sec. 918. Foreign labor tax fairness. Sec. 919. Incentives to divest disqualified PRC securities. Sec. 920. Excise Taxes on High Fructose Corn Syrup and Soy. TITLE X-Small Business Financial Recovery Sec. 1001. Forgiveness of certain debts. TITLE XI-Foreign Aid Reduction and Sanctions Act of 2026 Sec. 1101. Deadwood repeals. Sec. 1102. Discontinuation of aid to certain undemocratic governments. Sec. 1103. Discontinuation of aid to certain governments in violation of UDHR. Sec. 1104. Relationship with future law. Sec. 1105. Relationship with particular religious systems. Sec. 1106. Relations with Russia. Sec. 1107. Removal of designation. Sec. 1108. Extension of ineligibility. Sec. 1109. Genocide restitution. Sec. 1110. Waivers for certain countries. Sec. 1111. Exception to help genocide victims. Sec. 1112. Restriction to combat transnational trafficking. Sec. 1113. Prohibition on funding for the Taliban and Afghanistan. TITLE XII-SPENDING REDUCTION ACT Sec. 1201. Defunding of sexual education. Sec. 1202. Defunding of promotion of sexual propaganda, flags, and ideology. Sec. 1203. Defunding of insurrection. Sec. 1204. Defunding of removal of regional and State flags. Sec. 1205. Cost savings enhancements. Sec. 1206. Prohibitions on receipt of Federal student loans and loan forgiveness for convicted felons. Sec. 1207. Drug screening and testing under State programs for temporary assistance for needy families. Sec. 1208. Drug screening and testing under the supplemental nutrition assistance program. Sec. 1209. Drug screening and testing under public housing and section 8 rental assistance programs. Sec. 1210. Ending cashless bail. TITLE XIII-NDAA REPEAL ACT Sec. 1301. Repeal of NDAA 2021. Sec. 1302. Chinese influence reduction. Sec. 1303. Repeal of NDAA 2022. Sec. 1304. Prohibition on Chinese contractors. Sec. 1305. Prohibition on Chinese imports. TITLE XIV-ADMINISTRATIVE STREAMLINING ACT Sec. 1401. Abolition of independent agencies. TITLE XV-CRIMINAL JUSTICE REFORM FOR ECONOMIC IMPROVEMENT ACT Sec. 1501. Short title. Sec. 1502. Knowing distribution of fentanyl where death results. Sec. 1503. Vandalism and graffiti against mass transportation systems; assaults committed on mass transportation systems. TITLE I—Nonprofit Organizations Reform Act Sec. 101. Core nonprofit reform. (a) Core nonprofits.—Title 26 subsection 501(c)(3) is amended as follows: “(3) Corporations, and any community chest, fund, or foundation, organized and operated exclusively for charitable, scientific, testing for public safety, literary, or educational purposes, or to foster national or international amateur sports competition (but only if no part of its activities involve the provision of athletic facilities or equipment), or for the prevention of cruelty to children or animals, provided: “(A) no part of the net earnings of which inures to the benefit of any private shareholder or individual, “(B) no substantial part of the activities of which is carrying on propaganda, or otherwise attempting, to influence legislation (except as otherwise provided in subsection (h)), “(C) that no such organization participates in or intervenes in (including the publishing or distributing of statements) any political campaign on behalf of (or in opposition to) any candidate for public office, “(D) no substantial part of the activities of which is carrying on lawsuits, or otherwise attempting, to influence American law through manipulation of the courts, and “(E) that no such organization shall not pay any member of its leadership a salary of $200,000 or greater, excluding ordinary non-salary employment compensation.” (b) Agricultural organizations.—Title 26 subsection 501(c)(5) is amended as follows: “(5) Agricultural or horticultural organizations.” (c) Leagues.—Title 26 subsection 501(c)(6) is amended as follows: “(6) Business leagues, chambers of commerce, real-estate boards, or boards of trade, not organized for profit and no part of the net earnings of which inures to the benefit of any private shareholder or individual, and which shall not pay any member of its leadership a salary of $200,000 or greater, excluding ordinary non-salary employment compensation.” (d) Clubs.—Title 26 subsection 501(c)(7) is amended as follows: “(7) Clubs organized for recreational, charitable, and other nonprofitable purposes, substantially all of the activities of which are for such purposes and no part of the net earnings of which inures to the benefit of any private shareholder, and which shall not pay any employee thereof a salary of $200,000 or greater, excluding ordinary non-salary employment compensation.” (e) Fraternal societies.—Title 26 subsection 501(c)(8) is amended as follows: “(8) Fraternal societies, orders, or associations which are not secret societies— “(A) the net earnings of which are devoted exclusively to religious, charitable, scientific, literary, educational, and fraternal purposes, or “(B) providing for the payment of life, sick, accident, or other benefits to the members of such society, order, or association or their dependents or survivors.” (f) Church organizations.—Title 26 subsection 501(c)(10) is amended as follows: “(10) Religious organizations engaged in substantial charitable activities or as defined under section (d), provided that: “(A) no such organization shall not pay any member of its leadership a salary of $200,000 or greater, excluding the value of fringe benefits, “(B) no such organization shall be led by any society which requires an oath of secrecy for any purpose other than the administration of sacraments which involve the forgiveness of wrongdoing, “(C) no such organization shall be involved in coercing or forcing individuals into engaging in illegal activities (including those prohibited by state and local governments, and excluding those which are acceptable for the purposes of religious freedom and free exercise) or engaging in abortion, contraception, suicide, ritual sacrifice of animals or unborn humans, or unjust contracts with adherents, “(D) no such organization may be funded by forcibly collecting funds from adherents, but only through voluntary donations, “(E) such organizations shall report their beliefs, under penalty of perjury, for counter-terrorism purposes, “(F) no part of the net earnings shall inure to the benefit of any private shareholder or individual, “(G) no such organization shall participate in political activities except for the purposes of preserving their religious freedom or performing missionary work, and “(H) no such organization shall mandate a rite of initiation which endangers initiates into its membership.” (g) Labor organizations.—A new subsection 501(c)(20) of Title 26 is created as follows: “(20) Labor unions, provided that: “(A) no such organization shall not pay any member of its leadership a salary of $200,000 or greater, excluding ordinary non-salary employment compensation, “(B) no such organization shall be led by a secret society, “(C) no such organization shall be involved in coercing individuals into engaging in illegal activities (including those prohibited by state and local governments, and excluding those which are acceptable for the purposes of religious freedom and free exercise) or engaging in abortion, contraception, suicide, ritual sacrifice of animals or unborn humans, or engaging in sabotage or espionage to harm corporations with which they do business, “(D) no part of the net earnings shall inure to the benefit of any private shareholder or individual, and “(E) no such organization shall participate in political activities except for purposes which are for the preservation and/or promotion of organized labor, job creation, increased wages, bonuses, and/or fringe benefits, improved conditions and well-being for workers, or the industry on which the workers of such a union depend (including laws or policies which such unions shall believe shall lead to the accomplishment of said purposes, and preservation of existing laws or policies which unions support for such reasons).” Sec. 102. Effective date and enforcement. (a) Enforcement.—The Internal Revenue Service is compelled to launch an audit of tax-exempt 501(c)(3) organizations in order to root out those which maintain rosters of persons, organizations, and symbols which are condemned by such organizations, many of whom are candidates for public office, political parties, movements, and organizations, and symbols representing or associated to either candidates for public office or political parties, movements, or organizations. (b) Effective date for re-registration under paragraph 8.—Organizations currently registered as 501(c)(10) organizations shall be automatically re-registered as 501(c)(8) organizations; this shall not be interpreted as prohibiting such organizations from changing their designations or authorizing such organizations that do not qualify to become 501(c)(8) organizations from staying organized as such, but such organizations shall be allowed to stay 501(c)(8) organizations without penalty until the beginning of the 2029 taxable year. (c) Effective date for churches.—Churches shall be permitted to postpone re-registration under paragraph 10 until taxable year 2030. (d) Effective date for other organizations.—No tax penalty will be assessed against any organization which does not comply with the changes established under this title prior to taxable year 2028. Sec. 103. Certain religious organizations.—Title 26 subsection 501(d) is amended as follows: “(d) Religious and apostolic organizations.—The following organizations are referred to in subsection (c)(10): Religious or apostolic associations or corporations, if such associations or corporations have a common treasury or community treasury, even if such associations or corporations engage in business for the common benefit of the members, but only if the members thereof include (at the time of filing their returns) in their gross income their entire pro rata shares, whether distributed or not, of the taxable income of the association or corporation for such year. Any amount so included in the gross income of a member shall be treated as a dividend received.” Sec. 104. Disqualification of racketeering organizations. A new subsection 501(s) in Title 26 is created as follows: “(s) Any organization which has a pattern of racketeering activity as described under 18 U.S. Code Chapter 96 shall not be eligible for any exemption under this section.” Sec. 105. Special consideration for specific sovereign institutions. The Holy See, the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta, and organizations subordinate to or under the jurisdiction of one or both of them shall be considered exempt from the need to prove compliance as religious organizations under section 501 of Title 26 or to prove compliance with rules binding fraternal societies, orders, and associations under section 501. Sec. 114. Federal financial assistance not to include certain tax benefits. (a) In general.—Chapter 1 of title 1, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new section: “Sec. 9. Federal financial assistance.—In the case of any organization described in subsection (c) or (d) of section 501 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 or any organization described in section 401(a) of such Code, for purposes of any Federal law, rule, or regulation, unless explicitly provided otherwise, the term ‘Federal financial assistance,’ or any other term referring to assistance provided by the Federal government, shall not include any exemption from Federal income tax.”. (b) Clerical amendment.—The table of contents for chapter 1 of title 1, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new item: “9. Federal financial assistance.”. (c) Rule of construction.—Nothing in this section or the amendments made by this section shall be construed to imply that an exemption from Federal income taxes under section 501(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 constituted assistance from the Federal government for periods before the date of the enactment of this Act. TITLE II—Social Security Reform of 2026 Sec. 201. OASDI-component flexbility. Title 26 subsection 1401(a) is amended as follows: “(a) Old-age, survivors, and disability insurance.—In addition to other taxes, there shall be imposed for each taxable year, on the self-employment income of every individual, a tax equal to 12.4 percent of the amount of the self-employment income for such taxable year; however, a taxpayer may instead choose to pay a rate ranging from 10.3 to 20 percent, and such a choice shall have a proportional effect on benefits to be calculated by the Social Security Administration.” Sec. 202. Medicare funding. Title 26 subsection 1401(b) is amended as follows: “(b) In general.—In addition to the tax imposed by the preceding subsection, there shall be imposed for each taxable year, on the self-employment income of every individual, a tax equal to 5 percent of the amount of the self-employment income for such taxable year.” Sec. 203. Increase in maximum taxable earnings for payroll taxes. (a) Basic increase.—Section 230(b)(1) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 430(b)(1)) is amended by striking “$60,600” and inserting “$100,000”. (b) Optional increase in maximum taxable earnings for payroll taxes. (1) In general.—Section 230 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 430) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: “(e) Optional Election for Higher Contribution and Benefit Base.— “(1) In general.—For calendar years beginning after 2027, an individual may elect, in such form and manner as the Commissioner of Social Security shall prescribe, to apply a higher contribution and benefit base than the amount otherwise determined under subsection (b). Such higher base shall be an amount elected by the individual that is not less than the base under subsection (b) and not more than 90 percent of the individual's total earnings for the calendar year, as determined by the Commissioner. “(2) Benefit adjustment.—If an individual makes an election under paragraph (1), the primary insurance amount and other benefits payable under this title with respect to such individual shall be computed by taking into account the additional earnings subject to contributions under such election, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Commissioner. “(3) Revocation and limitations.—An election under this subsection may be revoked by the individual at any time before the close of the calendar year to which it applies, but may not be made or revoked retroactively for prior years. The Commissioner may prescribe limitations on the frequency of elections to prevent abuse.”. (2) Conforming amendments.— (A) Section 209(h)(2) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 409(h)(2)) is amended by inserting “or the higher base elected under section 230(d)” after “section 230”. (B) Section 215(e)(1) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 415(e)(1)) is amended by inserting “or the higher base elected under section 230(d)” after “section 230”. (c) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall go into effect for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2027. Sec. 204. Social Security Trust Fund reformation. (a) In general.—Section 201(a) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 401(a)) is amended to read as follows: “(a) There is hereby created on the books of the Treasury of the United States a trust fund to be known as the ‘Social Security Trust Fund’. The Social Security Trust Fund shall consist of the securities held by the Secretary of the Treasury for the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund and the amount standing to the credit of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund on the books of the Treasury on January 1 of the first calendar year beginning after the date of the enactment of section 204 of the Social Security 2100 Act, which securities and amount the Secretary of the Treasury is authorized and directed to transfer to the Social Security Trust Fund, and, in addition, such gifts and bequests as may be made as provided in subsection (i)(1), and such amounts as may be appropriated to, or deposited in, the Social Security Trust Fund as hereinafter provided. There is hereby appropriated to the Social Security Trust Fund for the first fiscal year that begins after date of the enactment of section 204 of the Social Security 2100 Act, and for each fiscal year thereafter, out of any moneys in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, amounts equivalent to 100 percent of— “(1) the taxes imposed by chapter 21 (other than sections 3101(b) and 3111(b)) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 with respect to wages (as defined in section 3121 of such Code) reported to the Secretary of the Treasury pursuant to subtitle F of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as determined by the Secretary of the Treasury by applying the applicable rates of tax under such chapter (other than sections 3101(b) and 3111(b)) to such wages, which wages shall be certified by the Commissioner of Social Security on the basis of the records of wages established and maintained by such Commissioner in accordance with such reports; and “(2) the taxes imposed by chapter 2 (other than section 1401(b)) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 with respect to self-employment income (as defined in section 1402 of such Code) reported to the Secretary of the Treasury on tax returns under subtitle F of such Code, as determined by the Secretary of the Treasury by applying the applicable rate of tax under such chapter (other than section 1401(b)) to such self-employment income, which self-employment income shall be certified by the Commissioner of Social Security on the basis of the records of self-employment income established and maintained by the Commissioner of Social Security in accordance with such returns. The amounts appropriated by paragraphs (1) and (2) shall be transferred from time to time from the general fund in the Treasury to the Social Security Trust Fund, such amounts to be determined on the basis of estimates by the Secretary of the Treasury of the taxes, specified in paragraphs (1) and (2), paid to or deposited into the Treasury; and proper adjustments shall be made in amounts subsequently transferred to the extent prior estimates were in excess of or were less than the taxes specified in such paragraphs (1) and (2). All amounts transferred to the Social Security Trust Fund under the preceding sentence shall be invested by the Managing Trustee in the same manner and to the same extent as the other assets of the Trust Fund. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, in any case in which the Secretary of the Treasury determines that the assets of the Trust Fund would otherwise be inadequate to meet the Trust Fund's obligations for any month, the Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer to the Trust Fund on the first day of such month the total amount which would have been transferred to the Trust Fund under this section as in effect on October 1, 1990; and the Trust Fund shall pay interest to the general fund on the amount so transferred on the first day of any month at a rate (calculated on a daily basis, and applied against the difference between the amount so transferred on such first day and the amount which would have been transferred to the Trust Fund up to that day under the procedures in effect on January 1, 1983) equal to the rate earned by the investments of the Trust Fund in the same month under subsection (d).”. (b) Required actuarial analysis.—Section 201(c) of the Social Security Act is amended by striking the fourth sentence in the matter following paragraph (5) and inserting the following: “Such report shall also include actuarial analysis of the benefit cost with respect to disabled beneficiaries and their auxiliaries, to retired beneficiaries and their auxiliaries, and to survivor beneficiaries.”. (c) Board of Trustees.— (1) BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF SOCIAL SECURITY TRUST FUND.—Section 201(c) of the Social Security Act, as amended by subsection (b) of this section, is further amended in the matter preceding paragraph (1) by striking “the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund (hereinafter in this title called the ‘Trust Funds’)” and inserting “the Social Security Trust Fund (in this title referred to as the ‘Trust Fund’)”. (2) CONTINUITY OF BOARD OF TRUSTEES.—The Board of Trustees of the Social Security Trust Fund created by the amendment made by subsection (a) shall be a continuous body with the Board of Trustees of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund in operation prior to the effective date of such amendment. Individuals serving as members of the Board of Trustees of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund as of the effective date of such amendment shall serve the remainder of their term as members of the Board of Trustees of the Social Security Trust Fund. (d) Conforming amendments related to Social Security Trust Fund.— (1) AMENDMENT TO SECTION HEADING.—The section heading for section 201 of the Social Security Act is amended to read as follows: “Social Security Trust Fund”. (2) BOARD OF TRUSTEES.—Section 201(c) of such Act, as amended by subsections (b) and (c)(1), is further amended— (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking “Board of Trustees of the Trust Funds” and inserting “Board of Trustees of the Trust Fund”; (B) in paragraph (1), by striking “Trust Funds” and inserting “Trust Fund”; (C) in paragraph (2)— (i) by striking “Trust Funds” and inserting “Trust Fund”; and (ii) by striking “their” and inserting “its”; (D) in paragraph (3), by striking “either of the Trust Funds” and inserting “the Trust Fund”; (E) in paragraph (5)— (i) by striking “managing the Trust Funds” and inserting “managing the Trust Fund”; and (ii) by striking “Trust Funds are” and inserting “Trust Fund is”; (F) in the matter following paragraph (5), by striking “Trust Funds” each place it appears and inserting “Trust Fund”; and (G) in the second sentence in the matter following paragraph (5), by striking “whether the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund, individually and collectively, are” and inserting “whether the Social Security Trust Fund is”. (3) INVESTMENTS.—Section 201 of such Act is amended in subsections (d) and (e) by striking “Trust Funds” each place it appears and inserting “Trust Fund”. (4) CREDITING OF INTEREST AND PROCEEDS TO TRUST FUNDS.—Section 201(f) of such Act is amended— (A) by striking “the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund shall be credited to and form a part of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Disability Insurance Trust Fund, respectively” and inserting “the Social Security Trust Fund shall be credited to and form a part of the Social Security Trust Fund”; (B) by striking “either of the Trust Funds” and inserting “the Trust Fund”; and (C) by striking “such Trust Fund” and inserting “the Trust Fund”. (5) ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS.—Section 201(g) of such Act is amended— (A) in paragraph (1)— (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking “Of the amounts authorized to be made available out of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund under the preceding sentence” and all that follows through “(Public Law 103–296).”; and (ii) in subparagraph (B)(i)— (I) by striking subclauses (II) and (III) and inserting the following: “(II) the portion of such costs which should have been borne by the Social Security Trust Fund,”; and (II) by redesignating subclauses (IV) and (V) as subclauses (III) and (IV); (B) in paragraph (2)— (i) by striking “Trust Funds” and inserting “Trust Fund”; and (ii) by striking the last sentence; and (C) in paragraph (4), by striking “Trust Funds” each place it appears and inserting “Trust Fund”. (6) BENEFIT PAYMENTS.—Section 201(h) of such Act is amended to read as follows: “(h) All benefit payments required to be made under this title shall be made only from the Social Security Trust Fund.”. (7) GIFTS.—Section 201(i) of such Act is amended— (A) in paragraph (1), by striking “the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund, the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund” and inserting “the Social Security Trust Fund”; and (B) in paragraph (2)(B), by striking “the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund” and inserting “the Social Security Trust Fund”. (8) TRAVEL EXPENSES.—Section 201(j) of such Act is amended by striking “the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund, or the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund (as determined appropriate by the Commissioner of Social Security)” and inserting “the Social Security Trust Fund”. (9) DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS.—Section 201(k) of such Act is amended by striking “the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund, as determined appropriate by the Commissioner of Social Security” and inserting “the Social Security Trust Fund”. (10) BENEFIT CHECKS.—Section 201(m) of such Act is amended— (A) in paragraph (2), by striking “each of the Trust Funds” and inserting “the Social Security Trust Fund”; (B) in paragraph (3), by striking “one of the Trust Funds” and inserting “the Trust Fund”; and (C) by striking “such Trust Fund” each place it appears and inserting “the Trust Fund”. (11) CONFORMING REPEALS.— (A) IN GENERAL.—Section 201 of such Act is amended by striking subsections (b), (l), and (n). (B) REDESIGNATIONS.—Section 201 of such Act is further amended— (i) by redesignating subsections (c) through (j) as subsections (b) through (i), respectively; (ii) by redesignating subsection (k) as subsection (j); and (iii) by redesignating subsection (m) as subsection (k). (C) REFERENCES TO REDESIGNATED SECTIONS.— (i) Section 201(a) of such Act, as amended by subsection (a) of this section, is further amended— (I) by striking “subsection (i)(1)” and inserting “subsection (h)(1)”; and (II) by striking “subsection (d)” and inserting “subsection (c)”. (ii) Section 1131(b)(1) of such Act is amended by striking “section 201(g)(1)” and inserting “section 201(f)(1)”. (e) Other conforming amendments to Social Security Act.— (1) TITLE II.—Title II of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 401 et seq.) is amended— (A) in section 202(x)(3)(B)(iii), by striking “the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund, as appropriate,” and inserting “the Social Security Trust Fund”; (B) in section 206(d)(5), by striking “the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund, as appropriate” and inserting “the Social Security Trust Fund”; (C) in section 206(e)(3)(B), by striking “the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund” and inserting “the Social Security Trust Fund”; (D) in section 208(b)(5)(A), by striking “the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund, as appropriate” and inserting “the Social Security Trust Fund”; (E) in section 215(i)(1)(F)— (i) in clause (i)— (I) by striking “the combined balance in the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund” and inserting “the balance in the Social Security Trust Fund”; and (II) by striking “and reduced by the outstanding amount of any loan (including interest thereon) theretofore made to either such Fund from the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund under section 201(l)”; and (ii) in clause (ii)— (I) by striking “the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund” and inserting “the Social Security Trust Fund”; and (II) by striking “(other than payments” and all that follows through “from that Account”; (F) in section 217(g)(2), by inserting after the first sentence the following: “For purposes of any such revision of the amount determined under paragraph (1) that occurs in a year after 2026, any reference in such paragraph to the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund or the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund shall be deemed to be a reference to the Social Security Trust Fund.”; (G) in section 221(e)— (i) by striking “Trust Funds” each place it appears and inserting “Trust Fund”; and (ii) by striking the last sentence; (H) in section 221(f), by striking “Trust Funds” and inserting “Trust Fund”; (I) in section 222(d)— (i) in the section heading, by striking “Trust Funds” and inserting “Trust Fund”; (ii) in paragraph (1), by striking “to the end that savings will accrue to the Trust Funds as a result of rehabilitating such individuals, there are authorized to be transferred from the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund” and inserting “to the end that savings will accrue to the Trust Fund as a result of rehabilitating such individuals, there are authorized to be transferred from the Social Security Trust Fund”; and (iii) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follows: “(4) The Commissioner of Social Security shall determine according to such methods and procedures as the Commissioner may deem appropriate the total amount to be reimbursed for the cost of services under this subsection.”; (J) in section 228(g)— (i) in the section heading, by striking “Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund” and inserting “Social Security Trust Fund”; and (ii) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking “Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund” and inserting “Social Security Trust Fund”; (K) in section 231(c), by striking “Trust Funds” each place it appears and inserting “Trust Fund”; and (L) in section 234(a)(1), by striking “Trust Funds” and inserting “Trust Fund”. (2) TITLE VII.—Title VII of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 901 et seq.) is amended— (A) in section 703(j), by striking “Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund, the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund,” and inserting “Social Security Trust Fund”; (B) in section 708(c), by striking “the ‘OASDI trust fund ratio’ under section 201(l),” after “computing”; (C) in section 709— (i) in subsection (a), by striking “Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund” and inserting “Social Security Trust Fund”; and (ii) in subsection (b)— (I) in paragraph (1), by striking “section 201(l) or”; and (II) in paragraph (2), by striking “Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund” and inserting “Social Security Trust Fund”; and (D) in section 710— (i) in subsection (a), by striking “Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund” and inserting “Social Security Trust Fund”; and (ii) in subsection (b)— (I) by striking “any Trust Fund specified in subsection (a)” and inserting “the Social Security Trust Fund”; and (II) by striking “payments from any such Trust Fund” and inserting “payments from the Social Security Trust Fund”. (3) TITLE XI.—Title XI of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1301 et seq.) is amended— (A) in section 1106(b), by striking “the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund, the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund” and inserting “the Social Security Trust Fund”; (B) in section 1129(e)(2)(A), by striking “the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund or the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund, as determined appropriate by the Secretary” and inserting “the Social Security Trust Fund”; (C) in sections 1131(b)(2) and 1140(c)(2), by striking “the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund” and inserting “the Social Security Trust Fund”; (D) in section 1145(c)— (i) by striking paragraphs (1) and (2) and inserting the following: “(1) the Social Security Trust Fund;”; and (ii) by redesignating paragraphs (3) and (4) as paragraphs (2) and (3), respectively; and (E) in section 1148(j)(1)(A)— (i) in the first sentence, by striking “the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund” and inserting “the Social Security Trust Fund”; and (ii) by striking the second sentence. (4) TITLE XVIII.—Title XVIII of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395) is amended— (A) in section 1817(g), by striking “Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and from the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund” and inserting “Social Security Trust Fund”; (B) in section 1840(a)(2), by striking “Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund or the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund” and inserting “Social Security Trust Fund”; and (C) in section 1841(f), by striking “Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and from the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund” and inserting “Social Security Trust Fund”. (f) Conforming amendments outside of Social Security Act.— (1) BUDGET.— (A) OFF-BUDGET EXEMPTION.—Section 405(a) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 655(a)) is amended by striking “Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance and Federal Disability Insurance Trust Funds” and inserting “Social Security Trust Fund”. (B) SEQUESTRATION EXEMPTION.—Section 255(g)(1)(A) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 905(g)(1)(A)) is amended by striking “Payments to Social Security Trust Funds” and inserting “Payments to the Social Security Trust Fund”. (2) TAX.— (A) TAXABLE WAGES.—Section 3121(l)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking “Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund” and inserting “Social Security Trust Fund”. (B) OVERPAYMENTS.— (i) Section 6402(d)(3)(C) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking “Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund or the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund, whichever is certified to the Secretary as appropriate by the Commissioner of Social Security” and inserting “Social Security Trust Fund”. (ii) Subsection (f)(2)(B) of section 3720A of title 31, United States Code, is amended by striking “Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund or the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund, whichever is certified to the Secretary of the Treasury as appropriate by the Commissioner of Social Security” and inserting “Social Security Trust Fund”. (3) FALSE CLAIMS PENALTIES.—Subsection (g)(2) of section 3806 of title 31, United States Code, is amended— (A) in subparagraph (B)— (i) by striking “Secretary of Health and Human Services” and inserting “Commissioner of Social Security”; and (ii) by striking “Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund” and inserting “Social Security Trust Fund”; and (B) in subparagraph (C)— (i) by striking “Secretary of Health and Human Services” and inserting “Commissioner of Social Security”; and (ii) by striking “Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund” and inserting “Social Security Trust Fund”. (4) RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD.—Section 7 of the Railroad Retirement Act of 1974 (45 U.S.C. 231f) is amended— (A) in subsection (b)(2), by striking “Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund” and inserting “Social Security Trust Fund”; (B) in subsection (c)(2)— (i) by striking “Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare” each time it appears and inserting “Commissioner of Social Security”; and (ii) by striking “Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund, the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund,” each time it appears and inserting “Social Security Trust Fund”; and (C) in subsection (c)(4), by striking “Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund, the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund,” and inserting “Social Security Trust Fund”. (g) Rule of construction.—Effective beginning on January 1 of the first calendar year beginning after the date of the enactment of this section, any reference in law to the “Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund” or the “Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund” is deemed to be a reference to the Social Security Trust Fund. (h) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall take effect on January 1 of the first calendar year beginning after the date of the enactment of this section. Sec. 205. Negotiation of lower covered part D drug prices on behalf of Medicare beneficiaries; Establishment and application of formulary by the Secretary of Health and Human Services under Medicare part D. (a) In general.—Section 1860D–11 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w–111) is amended by striking subsection (i) (relating to noninterference) and inserting the following: “(i) Negotiation of Lower Drug Prices; establishment and application of formulary.— “(1) NEGOTIATION.— “(A) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, subject to subparagraph (B), the Secretary shall, with respect to an applicable period (as defined in subparagraph (H))— “(i) during the negotiation year (as defined in such subparagraph) for such period, negotiate with pharmaceutical manufacturers the prices (including discounts, rebates, and all other price concessions) that may be charged to PDP sponsors and MA organizations for applicable covered part D drugs (as defined in such subparagraph) furnished to enrollees during such period; and “(ii) complete such negotiations not less than 30 days before the first day of the application review process for the first plan year during the applicable period for new contracts or expanding existing contracts with PDP sponsors and MA organizations to offer prescription drug plans or MA–PD plans, respectively. “(B) USE OF FALLBACK IF NEGOTIATIONS FAIL.— “(i) IN GENERAL.—If, after negotiations under subparagraph (A) with respect to an applicable period, the Secretary is not successful in obtaining an appropriate price for applicable covered part D drugs in accordance with clause (ii), the price that may be charged to PDP sponsors and MA organizations for applicable covered part D drugs furnished to enrollees during such period shall be the lowest of the following: “(I) The contract price applied pursuant to section 8126 of title 38, United States Code, for such drug for the contract year (as defined in such section 8126). “(II) The average of the prices available, during the most recent 12-month period for which data is available from the manufacturer to any wholesaler, retailer, provider, health maintenance organization, nonprofit entity, or governmental entity in Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, and Japan. “(III) The best price determined under section 1927(c)(1)(C) for such drug for the most recent rebate period (as defined in section 1927(k)(8)) applicable to such first plan year of the applicable period. “(ii) GUIDANCE.—Not later than 6 months before the Secretary begins negotiations under subparagraph (A) with respect to the first applicable period, the Secretary shall issue guidance on criteria to be considered for purposes of determining under clause (i) whether or not the Secretary is successful in obtaining an appropriate price for an applicable covered part D drug. Such criteria shall include at least the following: “(I) The comparative clinical effectiveness and cost effectiveness, if available, of such covered part D drug. “(II) The budgetary impact of providing coverage under this part for such covered part D drug. “(III) The number of similarly effective drug or alternative treatment regimens for each approved use of such covered part D drug. “(IV) Associated unmet need or severity of illness. “(C) IDENTIFICATION OF APPLICABLE COVERED PART D DRUGS.— “(i) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall, for each applicable period, in accordance with the subsequent clauses of this subparagraph, and pursuant to rulemaking, identify applicable covered part D drugs for which negotiations under subparagraph (A) shall be conducted during the negotiation year for such period. In this paragraph, all such covered part D drugs so identified for an applicable period are collectively referred to as applicable covered part D drugs with respect to such period. “(ii) IDENTIFICATION OF PRIORITIZED DRUGS.—In carrying out clause (i), except as provided under clause (iii), the Secretary may not identify a covered part D drug that is not a drug prioritized pursuant to subparagraph (D) as an applicable covered part D drug until all covered part D drugs that are so prioritized have been identified as an applicable covered part D drug for the applicable period or for a previous applicable period for which the negotiated price of such drug has not expired. “(iii) DRUG INCLUSIONS FOR PRICE RENEGOTIATIONS.—In the case of a covered part D drug that is identified as an applicable covered part D drug for an applicable period, such covered part D drug shall be identified as an applicable covered part D drug for each subsequent third negotiation year. “(iv) REASONABLE NOTIFICATION.—The Secretary shall carry out this subparagraph in such manner as to provide for public notification of applicable covered part D drugs for the applicable period within a reasonable period before the beginning of the negotiation year for such period. “(D) PRIORITIZATION OF CERTAIN COVERED PART D DRUGS.—For purposes of subparagraph (C)(ii), the Secretary shall prioritize covered part D drugs— “(i) that are among— “(I) the 40 covered part D drugs that are utilized by at least 1,000 Medicare part D beneficiaries and with respect to which there were the highest total expenditures under this part during the most recent 12-month period for which data is available; “(II) the 40 covered part D drugs that are utilized by at least 1,000 Medicare part D beneficiaries with respect to whom the total annual spending per such a beneficiary under this part for coverage of such a drug is at least $10,000; or “(III) the 20 covered part D drugs that are utilized by at least 1,000 Medicare part D beneficiaries and with respect to which there are unit cost increases at or above the 95th percentile of overall covered part D drug unit cost increases during the most recent 12-month period prior to the beginning of such negotiation year for which data is available; “(ii) with respect to which the cost of such a drug to the part D eligible individual involved would exceed the annual out-of-pocket threshold applicable under section 1860D–2(b)(4)(B) for such negotiation year, if the drug were prescribed to the individual for the period of the year or with respect to which a single treatment regimen is priced above such annual out-of-pocket threshold applicable under such section 1860D–2(b)(4)(B) for the year; or “(iii) that are single-source drugs or biologicals (as defined in section 1847A(c)(6)(D)) and that satisfy at least one other criterion described in a previous clause of this subparagraph. “(E) ANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 30 days after the date on which the Secretary completes negotiations under this paragraph for the first negotiation year and each year thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to Congress and make available to the public a report describing the negotiations during the preceding negotiation year, including— “(i) the number of applicable covered part D drug prices negotiated; “(ii) the magnitude of savings achieved as a result of such negotiations; “(iii) the number of times price negotiations failed (based on the criteria included in the guidance issued pursuant to clause (ii) of subparagraph (B)) and resulted in the use of fallback prices under clause (i) of such subparagraph, and the rationale for any such decisions; “(iv) the progress made toward negotiating the prices of covered part D drugs that are prioritized under subparagraph (D); and “(v) the barriers, if any, to achieving savings through negotiations. “(F) GAO REPORT.—Not later than December 31, 2029, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to Congress a report on the negotiations conducted by the Secretary under this paragraph, including a description and analysis of— “(i) the extent to which such price negotiations are achieving lower prices for covered part D drugs for enrollees; “(ii) the parties benefitting from such lower prices, such as enrollees, the Federal Government, States, prescription drug plans and MA–PD plans, or other entities; “(iii) how such price negotiations are affecting— “(I) the list price of covered part D drugs; and “(II) drug prices in the private market; and “(iv) recommendations for improving price negotiations, if applicable. “(G) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this paragraph: “(i) APPLICABLE COVERED PART D DRUGS.—The term ‘applicable covered part D drugs’ means, for an applicable period, covered part D drugs identified by the Secretary under subparagraph (C) for such period. “(ii) APPLICABLE PERIOD.—The term ‘applicable period’ means, with respect to a negotiation year and applicable covered part D drugs, the 3-plan year period beginning with the first plan year beginning after the negotiation year for such covered part D drugs. “(iii) NEGOTIATION YEAR.—The term ‘negotiation year’ means, with respect to an applicable period, a plan year, beginning with 2027, prior to the first plan year of the applicable period. “(2) ESTABLISHMENT AND APPLICATION OF FORMULARY BY THE SECRETARY OR CHANGES IN FORMULARIES TO BE REQUIRED BY SECRETARY.— “(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall, for plan years beginning with plan year 2027— “(i) subject to subparagraphs (B) and (C), establish and apply a formulary for required use by sponsors of prescription drug plans and organizations offering MA–PD plans under this part; or “(ii) require changes, as necessary, in the covered part D drugs included on formularies of PDP sponsors of prescription drug plans (including changes, as necessary, in the preferred or tiered cost-sharing status of such a drug) to take into account negotiations carried out by the Secretary pursuant to paragraph (1), regardless of whether such a covered part D drug is the subject of such negotiations. “(B) REQUIRED INCLUSION OF DRUGS IN ALL THERAPEUTIC CATEGORIES.—A formulary established and applied under subparagraph (A)(i) shall include at least two covered part D drugs in each category and class of covered part D drugs as described in section 423.120(b)(2)(i) of title 42, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on January 1, 2026). “(C) APPLICATION OF DEVELOPMENT AND REVISION REQUIREMENTS AND REQUIRED INCLUSION OF ALL DRUGS IN CERTAIN CATEGORIES AND CLASSES.—The requirements described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of section 1860D–4(b)(3) (relating to development and revision requirements of the formulary) and subparagraph (G) of such section (relating to required inclusion of all drugs in certain categories and classes) shall apply to a formulary established and applied under subparagraph (A)(i) of this paragraph. “(3) PLAN FLEXIBILITY TO NEGOTIATE GREATER DISCOUNTS.—Nothing in this subsection shall be construed as preventing the sponsor of a prescription drug plan, or an organization offering an MA–PD plan, from obtaining a discount or reduction of the price for a covered part D drug below the price negotiated under paragraph (1), if applicable, including through the use of preferred or tiered cost-sharing status. “(4) ENSURING BENEFICIARY ACCESS TO NEEDED DRUGS.—Beginning with plan year 2027, each PDP sponsor of a prescription drug plan and organization offering an MA–PD plan shall have in place a process under which an enrollee in the plan may request coverage under the plan for a covered part D drug that is not on the formulary, or is subject to utilization management controls, such as tiered pricing, prior authorization, or step therapy.”. (b) Conforming amendments.— (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 1860D–4 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w–104) is amended— (A) in subsection (b)(3), in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking “If a PDP” and inserting “Subject to section 1860D–11(i)(2), if a PDP”; (B) in subsection (g)— (i) in paragraph (1), by inserting before the period at the end the following: “, except that the PDP sponsor of a prescription drug plan shall treat the presentation of a prescription to a participating pharmacy, which is transmitted to the plan by the pharmacy, as a request for a coverage determination (including with respect to prior authorization, step therapy, or quantity limits) and, in applying such paragraphs of section 1852(g), the response to such transmittal shall be treated as a determination by the sponsor”; and (ii) in paragraph (2), in the first sentence, by inserting “(or a participating pharmacy, on behalf of such individual, through transmission of a prescription as described in paragraph (1))” after “a part D eligible individual who is enrolled in the plan”; and (C) in subsection (h)— (i) in paragraph (1), in the second sentence, by inserting “(or a participating pharmacy, on behalf of such individual)” after “the part D eligible individual”; and (ii) in paragraph (2), by inserting “(or a participating pharmacy, on behalf of such individual)” after “A part D eligible individual who is enrolled in a prescription drug plan offered by a PDP sponsor”. (2) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by subparagraphs (B) and (C) of paragraph (1) shall apply to plans years beginning on or after January 1, 2027. Sec. 206. Requiring drug manufacturers to provide drug rebates for drugs dispensed to low-income individuals. (a) Rebate agreements.—Section 1860D–2 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w–102) is amended— (1) in subsection (e)(1), in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by inserting “and subsection (f)” after “this subsection”; and (2) by adding at the end the following new subsection: “(f) Prescription drug rebate agreement for rebate eligible individuals.— “(1) REQUIREMENT.— “(A) IN GENERAL.—For plan years beginning on or after January 1, 2027, in this part, the term ‘covered part D drug’ does not include any drug or biological product that is manufactured by a manufacturer that has not entered into and have in effect a rebate agreement described in paragraph (2). “(B) 2027 PLAN YEAR REQUIREMENT.—Any drug or biological product manufactured by a manufacturer that declines to enter into a rebate agreement described in paragraph (2) for the period beginning on January 1, 2027, and ending on December 31, 2028, shall not be included as a ‘covered part D drug’ for the subsequent plan year. “(2) REBATE AGREEMENT.—A rebate agreement under this subsection shall require the manufacturer to provide to the Secretary a rebate for each rebate period (as defined in paragraph (6)(B)) ending after December 31, 2028, in the amount specified in paragraph (3) for any covered part D drug of the manufacturer dispensed after December 31, 2028, to any rebate eligible individual (as defined in paragraph (6)(A)) for which payment was made by a PDP sponsor or MA organization under this part for such period, including payments passed through the low-income and reinsurance subsidies under sections 1860D–14 and 1860D–15(b), respectively. Such rebate shall be paid by the manufacturer to the Secretary not later than 30 days after the date of receipt of the information described in section 1860D–12(b)(8), including as such section is applied under section 1857(f)(3), or 30 days after the receipt of information under subparagraph (D) of paragraph (3), as determined by the Secretary. Insofar as not inconsistent with this subsection, the Secretary shall establish terms and conditions of such agreement relating to compliance, penalties, and program evaluations, investigations, and audits that are similar to the terms and conditions for rebate agreements under paragraphs (3) and (4) of section 1927(b). “(3) REBATE FOR REBATE ELIGIBLE MEDICARE DRUG PLAN ENROLLEES.— “(A) IN GENERAL.—The amount of the rebate specified under this paragraph for a manufacturer for a rebate period, with respect to each dosage form and strength of any covered part D drug provided by such manufacturer and dispensed to a rebate eligible individual, shall be equal to the product of— “(i) the total number of units of such dosage form and strength of the drug so provided and dispensed for which payment was made by a PDP sponsor or an MA organization under this part for the rebate period, including payments passed through the low-income and reinsurance subsidies under sections 1860D–14 and 1860D–15(b), respectively; and “(ii) the amount (if any) by which— “(I) the Medicaid rebate amount (as defined in subparagraph (B)) for such form, strength, and period, exceeds “(II) the average Medicare drug program rebate eligible rebate amount (as defined in subparagraph (C)) for such form, strength, and period. “(B) MEDICAID REBATE AMOUNT.—For purposes of this paragraph, the term ‘Medicaid rebate amount’ means, with respect to each dosage form and strength of a covered part D drug provided by the manufacturer for a rebate period— “(i) in the case of a single source drug or an innovator multiple source drug, the amount specified in paragraph (1)(A)(ii)(II) or (2)(C) Sec. 2. Negotiation of lower covered part D drug prices on behalf of Medicare beneficiaries; Establishment and application of formulary by the Secretary of Health and Human Services under Medicare part D. (b) Negotiation.—Section 1860D–11 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w–111) is amended by striking subsection (i) (relating to noninterference) and inserting the following: “(i) Negotiation of Lower Drug Prices; establishment and application of formulary.— “(1) NEGOTIATION.— “(A) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, subject to subparagraph (B), the Secretary shall, with respect to an applicable period (as defined in subparagraph (H))— “(i) during the negotiation year (as defined in such subparagraph) for such period, negotiate with pharmaceutical manufacturers the prices (including discounts, rebates, and all other price concessions) that may be charged to PDP sponsors and MA organizations for applicable covered part D drugs (as defined in such subparagraph) furnished to enrollees during such period; and “(ii) complete such negotiations not less than 30 days before the first day of the application review process for the first plan year during the applicable period for new contracts or expanding existing contracts with PDP sponsors and MA organizations to offer prescription drug plans or MA–PD plans, respectively. “(B) USE OF FALLBACK IF NEGOTIATIONS FAIL.— “(i) IN GENERAL.—If, after negotiations under subparagraph (A) with respect to an applicable period, the Secretary is not successful in obtaining an appropriate price for applicable covered part D drugs in accordance with clause (ii), the price that may be charged to PDP sponsors and MA organizations for applicable covered part D drugs furnished to enrollees during such period shall be the lowest of the following: “(I) The contract price applied pursuant to section 8126 of title 38, United States Code, for such drug for the contract year (as defined in such section 8126). “(II) The average of the prices available, during the most recent 12-month period for which data is available from the manufacturer to any wholesaler, retailer, provider, health maintenance organization, nonprofit entity, or governmental entity in Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, and Japan. “(III) The best price determined under section 1927(c)(1)(C) for such drug for the most recent rebate period (as defined in section 1927(k)(8)) applicable to such first plan year of the applicable period. “(ii) GUIDANCE.—Not later than 6 months before the Secretary begins negotiations under subparagraph (A) with respect to the first applicable period, the Secretary shall issue guidance on criteria to be considered for purposes of determining under clause (i) whether or not the Secretary is successful in obtaining an appropriate price for an applicable covered part D drug. Such criteria shall include at least the following: “(I) The comparative clinical effectiveness and cost effectiveness, if available, of such covered part D drug. “(II) The budgetary impact of providing coverage under this part for such covered part D drug. “(III) The number of similarly effective drug or alternative treatment regimens for each approved use of such covered part D drug. “(IV) Associated unmet need or severity of illness. “(C) IDENTIFICATION OF APPLICABLE COVERED PART D DRUGS.— “(i) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall, for each applicable period, in accordance with the subsequent clauses of this subparagraph, and pursuant to rulemaking, identify applicable covered part D drugs for which negotiations under subparagraph (A) shall be conducted during the negotiation year for such period. In this paragraph, all such covered part D drugs so identified for an applicable period are collectively referred to as applicable covered part D drugs with respect to such period. “(ii) IDENTIFICATION OF PRIORITIZED DRUGS.—In carrying out clause (i), except as provided under clause (iii), the Secretary may not identify a covered part D drug that is not a drug prioritized pursuant to subparagraph (D) as an applicable covered part D drug until all covered part D drugs that are so prioritized have been identified as an applicable covered part D drug for the applicable period or for a previous applicable period for which the negotiated price of such drug has not expired. “(iii) DRUG INCLUSIONS FOR PRICE RENEGOTIATIONS.—In the case of a covered part D drug that is identified as an applicable covered part D drug for an applicable period, such covered part D drug shall be identified as an applicable covered part D drug for each subsequent third negotiation year. “(iv) REASONABLE NOTIFICATION.—The Secretary shall carry out this subparagraph in such manner as to provide for public notification of applicable covered part D drugs for the applicable period within a reasonable period before the beginning of the negotiation year for such period. “(D) PRIORITIZATION OF CERTAIN COVERED PART D DRUGS.—For purposes of subparagraph (C)(ii), the Secretary shall prioritize covered part D drugs— “(i) that are among— “(I) the 40 covered part D drugs that are utilized by at least 1,000 Medicare part D beneficiaries and with respect to which there were the highest total expenditures under this part during the most recent 12-month period for which data is available; “(II) the 40 covered part D drugs that are utilized by at least 1,000 Medicare part D beneficiaries with respect to whom the total annual spending per such a beneficiary under this part for coverage of such a drug is at least $10,000; or “(III) the 20 covered part D drugs that are utilized by at least 1,000 Medicare part D beneficiaries and with respect to which there are unit cost increases at or above the 95th percentile of overall covered part D drug unit cost increases during the most recent 12-month period prior to the beginning of such negotiation year for which data is available; “(ii) with respect to which the cost of such a drug to the part D eligible individual involved would exceed the annual out-of-pocket threshold applicable under section 1860D–2(b)(4)(B) for such negotiation year, if the drug were prescribed to the individual for the period of the year or with respect to which a single treatment regimen is priced above such annual out-of-pocket threshold applicable under such section 1860D–2(b)(4)(B) for the year; or “(iii) that are single-source drugs or biologicals (as defined in section 1847A(c)(6)(D)) and that satisfy at least one other criterion described in a previous clause of this subparagraph. “(E) ANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 30 days after the date on which the Secretary completes negotiations under this paragraph for the first negotiation year and each year thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to Congress and make available to the public a report describing the negotiations during the preceding negotiation year, including— “(i) the number of applicable covered part D drug prices negotiated; “(ii) the magnitude of savings achieved as a result of such negotiations; “(iii) the number of times price negotiations failed (based on the criteria included in the guidance issued pursuant to clause (ii) of subparagraph (B)) and resulted in the use of fallback prices under clause (i) of such subparagraph, and the rationale for any such decisions; “(iv) the progress made toward negotiating the prices of covered part D drugs that are prioritized under subparagraph (D); and “(v) the barriers, if any, to achieving savings through negotiations. “(F) GAO REPORT.—Not later than December 31, 2029, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to Congress a report on the negotiations conducted by the Secretary under this paragraph, including a description and analysis of— “(i) the extent to which such price negotiations are achieving lower prices for covered part D drugs for enrollees; “(ii) the parties benefitting from such lower prices, such as enrollees, the Federal Government, States, prescription drug plans and MA–PD plans, or other entities; “(iii) how such price negotiations are affecting— “(I) the list price of covered part D drugs; and “(II) drug prices in the private market; and “(iv) recommendations for improving price negotiations, if applicable. “(G) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this paragraph: “(i) APPLICABLE COVERED PART D DRUGS.—The term ‘applicable covered part D drugs’ means, for an applicable period, covered part D drugs identified by the Secretary under subparagraph (C) for such period. “(ii) APPLICABLE PERIOD.—The term ‘applicable period’ means, with respect to a negotiation year and applicable covered part D drugs, the 3-plan year period beginning with the first plan year beginning after the negotiation year for such covered part D drugs. “(iii) NEGOTIATION YEAR.—The term ‘negotiation year’ means, with respect to an applicable period, a plan year, beginning with 2027, prior to the first plan year of the applicable period. “(2) ESTABLISHMENT AND APPLICATION OF FORMULARY BY THE SECRETARY OR CHANGES IN FORMULARIES TO BE REQUIRED BY SECRETARY.— “(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall, for plan years beginning with plan year 2027— “(i) subject to subparagraphs (B) and (C), establish and apply a formulary for required use by sponsors of prescription drug plans and organizations offering MA–PD plans under this part; or “(ii) require changes, as necessary, in the covered part D drugs included on formularies of PDP sponsors of prescription drug plans (including changes, as necessary, in the preferred or tiered cost-sharing status of such a drug) to take into account negotiations carried out by the Secretary pursuant to paragraph (1), regardless of whether such a covered part D drug is the subject of such negotiations. “(B) REQUIRED INCLUSION OF DRUGS IN ALL THERAPEUTIC CATEGORIES.—A formulary established and applied under subparagraph (A)(i) shall include at least two covered part D drugs in each category and class of covered part D drugs as described in section 423.120(b)(2)(i) of title 42, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on January 1, 2026). “(C) APPLICATION OF DEVELOPMENT AND REVISION REQUIREMENTS AND REQUIRED INCLUSION OF ALL DRUGS IN CERTAIN CATEGORIES AND CLASSES.—The requirements described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of section 1860D–4(b)(3) (relating to development and revision requirements of the formulary) and subparagraph (G) of such section (relating to required inclusion of all drugs in certain categories and classes) shall apply to a formulary established and applied under subparagraph (A)(i) of this paragraph. “(3) PLAN FLEXIBILITY TO NEGOTIATE GREATER DISCOUNTS.—Nothing in this subsection shall be construed as preventing the sponsor of a prescription drug plan, or an organization offering an MA–PD plan, from obtaining a discount or reduction of the price for a covered part D drug below the price negotiated under paragraph (1), if applicable, including through the use of preferred or tiered cost-sharing status. “(4) ENSURING BENEFICIARY ACCESS TO NEEDED DRUGS.—Beginning with plan year 2027, each PDP sponsor of a prescription drug plan and organization offering an MA–PD plan shall have in place a process under which an enrollee in the plan may request coverage under the plan for a covered part D drug that is not on the formulary, or is subject to utilization management controls, such as tiered pricing, prior authorization, or step therapy.”. (c) Conforming amendments.— (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 1860D–4 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w–104) is amended— (A) in subsection (b)(3), in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking “If a PDP” and inserting “Subject to section 1860D–11(i)(2), if a PDP”; (B) in subsection (g)— (i) in paragraph (1), by inserting before the period at the end the following: “, except that the PDP sponsor of a prescription drug plan shall treat the presentation of a prescription to a participating pharmacy, which is transmitted to the plan by the pharmacy, as a request for a coverage determination (including with respect to prior authorization, step therapy, or quantity limits) and, in applying such paragraphs of section 1852(g), the response to such transmittal shall be treated as a determination by the sponsor”; and (ii) in paragraph (2), in the first sentence, by inserting “(or a participating pharmacy, on behalf of such individual, through transmission of a prescription as described in paragraph (1))” after “a part D eligible individual who is enrolled in the plan”; and (C) in subsection (h)— (i) in paragraph (1), in the second sentence, by inserting “(or a participating pharmacy, on behalf of such individual)” after “the part D eligible individual”; and (ii) in paragraph (2), by inserting “(or a participating pharmacy, on behalf of such individual)” after “A part D eligible individual who is enrolled in a prescription drug plan offered by a PDP sponsor”. (2) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by subparagraphs (B) and (C) of paragraph (1) shall apply to plans years beginning on or after January 1, 2027. Sec. 207. Medicare payments to hospitals contingent on implementation of security procedures regarding infant patient protection and baby switching. (a) Agreements With Hospitals.—Section 1866(a)(1) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395cc(a)(1)) is amended— (1) in subparagraphs (W) and (X), by moving the margin of each subparagraph 2 ems to the left; (2) in subparagraph (X), by striking “and” at the end; (3) in subparagraph (Y), by striking the period at the end and inserting “, and”; and (4) by inserting after subparagraph (Y) the following new subparagraph: “(Z) in the case of hospitals and critical access hospitals that provide neonatal or infant care, to have in effect security procedures that meet standards established by the Secretary (in consultation with appropriate organizations) to reduce the likelihood of infant patient sickness or death, infant patient abduction, and baby switching, including standards for identifying all infant patients in the hospital in a manner that ensures that it will be evident if infants are missing from the hospital and ensuring that all medical issues in infants are documented and treated to the maximum degree possible.”. (b) Regulations.— (1) IN GENERAL.—In promulgating regulations under subparagraph (Z) of section 1866(a)(1) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395cc(a)(1)), as added by subsection (a), the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall— (A) consult with various organizations representing consumers, appropriate State and local regulatory agencies, hospitals, and critical access hospitals; (B) take into account variations in size and location of hospitals and critical access hospitals, and the percentage of overall services furnished by such hospitals and critical access hospitals that neonatal care and infant care represent; and (C) promulgate specific regulations that address each size and type of hospital covered. (2) DEADLINE FOR PUBLICATION.—Not later than 12 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall publish the regulations required under paragraph (1). In order to carry out this requirement in a timely manner, the Secretary may promulgate regulations that take effect on an interim basis, after notice and pending opportunity for public comment. (c) Penalties.— (1) AMOUNT OF PENALTY.—A hospital that participates in the Medicare program under title XVIII of the Social Security Act under an agreement pursuant to section 1866 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1395cc) that commits a violation described in paragraph (2) is subject to a civil money penalty of not more than $50,000 (or not more than $25,000 in the case of a hospital with fewer than 100 beds) for each such violation. (2) VIOLATION DESCRIBED.—A hospital described in paragraph (1) commits a violation for purposes of this subsection if the hospital fails to have in effect security procedures that meet standards established by the Secretary of Health and Human Services under section 1866(a)(1)(Z) of such Act, as added by subsection (a), to reduce the likelihood of infant patient abduction and baby switching, including standards for identifying all infant patients in the hospital in a manner that ensures that it will be evident if infants are missing from the hospital. (3) ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS.—The provisions of section 1128A of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1320a–7a), other than subsections (a) and (b), shall apply to a civil money penalty under this subsection in the same manner as such provisions apply with respect to a penalty or proceeding under section 1128A(a) of such Act. (d) Effective date.—This section, and the amendments made by this section, shall take effect on the date that is 18 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, and shall apply to contracts entered into or renewed under section 1866 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395cc) on or after such date. Sec. 208. Phase-out of divorcee spousal benefits. (a) Wife benefits.—Section 202(b) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 402(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph: “(5) Notwithstanding any other provision of this subsection, for individuals who attain age 62 in calendar year 2028 or later, the wife's insurance benefit under this subsection (other than in the case of a widow or surviving non-divorced wife) shall be reduced by 20 percent for each year after 2027, such that the benefit is fully phased out for individuals attaining age 62 in calendar year 2032 or later. Furthermore, in no case shall any benefit be paid under this subsection for multiple husbands to a single woman.”. (b) Husband benefits.—Section 202(c) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 402(c)) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph: “(5) Notwithstanding any other provision of this subsection, for individuals who attain age 62 in calendar year 2028 or later, the husband's insurance benefit under this subsection (other than in the case of a widower or surviving non-divorced husband) shall be reduced by 20 percent for each year after 2027, such that the benefit is fully phased out for individuals attaining age 62 in calendar year 2032 or later. Furthermore, in no case shall any benefit be paid under this subsection for multiple wives to a single man.”. (c) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply to benefits payable for months beginning after December 31, 2027. Sec. 209. Indexing of cost-of-living adjustments to chained consumer price index. (a) In general.—Section 215(i)(1)(D) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 415(i)(1)(D)) is amended by striking “Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers” and inserting “Chained Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (C-CPI-U)”. (b) General rule.—Section 103 of the Social Security Act is amended by inserting a new subsection (b) as follows: “For purposes of this Act, notwithstanding any amendment or provision of this Act prior to the enactment of this subsection, the Consumer Price Index shall refer to the Chained Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (C-CPI-U), except that increases related to revenues shall be calculated in accordance with the Consumer Price Index for Americans 62 Years of Age and Older (R-CPI-E) in accordance with regulations as may be promulgated by the Secretary of the Treasury for purposes of ensuring solvency of the Trust Funds established by this Act.” (c) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall apply to cost-of-living increases and for all other Social Security Administration purposes determined for calendar years beginning after 2027. Sec. 210. Calculation of benefits based on highest 40 years of earnings. (a) In general.—Section 215(a)(1)(A) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 415(a)(1)(A)) is amended by striking “35” and inserting “40”. (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall apply to individuals who attain age 62 in calendar year 2028 or later. Sec. 211. Restriction of disability insurance eligibility. (a) Work requirement.—Section 223(d)(1) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 423(d)(1)) is amended by inserting after subparagraph (C) the following new subparagraph: “(D) For purposes of subparagraph (A), an individual shall not be considered to be under a disability unless the impairment is expected to result in death or has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 24 months (instead of 12 months as provided under prior law), and the Commissioner of Social Security determines that no substantial gainful activity is possible even with reasonable accommodations.”. (b) Conforming amendments.—Section 223(a)(1) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 423(a)(1)) is amended by striking “12 months” each place it appears and inserting “24 months”. (c) Limitation on maximum disability insurance benefits.—Section 223(a)(1) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 423(a)(1)) is amended by adding at the end the following new sentence: “Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, for benefits payable for months beginning after December 31, 2027, the amount of the disability insurance benefit under this subsection shall not exceed 75 percent of the primary insurance amount that would be computed under section 215(a) if the individual had attained age 62 in the month in which the disability began.”. (d) Increase in minimum age for disability insurance eligibility.—Section 223(d)(1)(A) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 423(d)(1)(A)) is amended by inserting after “unable to engage in any substantial gainful activity” the following: “, and has attained age 25 (instead of age 18 as provided under prior law),”. (e) Requirement for submission of all evidence prior to initial hearing.—Section 223(d)(5) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 423(d)(5)) is amended by adding at the end the following new subparagraph: “(C) In making any determination under this subsection, the Commissioner of Social Security shall require that all evidence (including medical and other records) intended to be considered in support of the claim be submitted not later than 30 days prior to the date of the initial disability hearing. Evidence submitted after such date shall not be considered unless the claimant demonstrates good cause for the failure to submit timely, as determined by the Commissioner.”. (f) Elimination of controlling weight for treating physician evidence.—Section 223(d)(5) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 423(d)(5)) is further amended by adding at the end the following new subparagraph: “(D) In making any determination under this subsection, the Commissioner of Social Security shall not assign controlling weight to any medical opinion or evidence from a treating physician or other medical source. All evidence shall be evaluated based on its consistency with the record as a whole, its supportability, and other factors as determined by the Commissioner in regulations.”. (g) Increase in age for child's insurance benefits based on disability.—Section 202(d)(1)(B) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 402(d)(1)(B)) is amended by striking “age 22” and inserting “age 25”. (h) Elimination of reduced work credit requirements for younger workers.—Section 223(c)(1)(B) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 423(c)(1)(B)) is amended— (1) by striking clause (i) and redesignating clauses (ii) through (iv) as clauses (i) through (iii), respectively; and (2) in the matter preceding clause (i) (as so redesignated), by striking “except that—” and all that follows through “in the case of an individual” and inserting “except that in the case of an individual”. (i) Adjustment of vocational age categories.—The Commissioner of Social Security shall revise the medical-vocational guidelines under Appendix 2 to Subpart P of Part 404 of Title 20, Code of Federal Regulations (or any successor regulations), to— (1) increase the age category for “approaching advanced age” from ages 50 through 54 to ages 53 through 57; (2) increase the age category for “advanced age” from ages 55 through 59 to ages 58 through 59; and (3) maintain the age category for “closely approaching retirement age” as age 60 or older. (j) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply to applications for disability insurance benefits filed after the date that is 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act. Sec. 212. Disqualification of non-citizens. (a) In general.—Section 601 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 801) is amended as follows— “Sec. 601. Restriction of funds to preserve Social Security.—Notwithstanding any other provision of the Social Security Act, no spending of such Act shall be paid to the benefit of any person who is not a citizen of the United States of America: Provided, that this section shall not apply to payments as outlined in this Act which relate to international diplomacy.”. (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall apply to— (1) applications for insurance benefits filed after the date that is 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, (2) renewals of insurance starting in fiscal year 2028, and (3) rescission of payments under the preexisting section 601 go into effect ten days after the date of enactment of this Act. Sec. 213. Merger of Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Fund into Hospital Insurance Trust Fund and Funding for Certain Federal Health Programs. (a) Merger of Trust Funds.—Section 1841 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395t) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: “(l) Merger into Hospital Insurance Trust Fund and Abolishment.— “(1) Merger.—Effective for fiscal years beginning on or after October 1, 2026, the Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Fund is merged into the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund established under section 1817. All assets, liabilities, revenues, and obligations of the Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Fund are transferred to the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund. “(2) Abolishment.—Upon completion of the merger under paragraph (1), the Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Fund is abolished, and no separate accounting or expenditures shall be maintained therefor.”. (b) Funding for Specified Health Programs.—Section 1817 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395i) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: “(k) Funding for Specified Health Programs.—Beginning with fiscal year 2027, amounts for the following programs shall be derived exclusively from the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund, in addition to any other dedicated sources of funding such as premiums or excises, and no amounts shall be appropriated or transferred from the general fund of the Treasury for such programs: “(1) Supplementary Medical Insurance under part B of title XVIII of this Act (42 U.S.C. 1395j et seq.), including all benefits, premiums, and administrative expenses thereunder. “(2) Medicare Advantage Program under part C of title XVIII of this Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w-21 et seq.), including all capitated payments, risk adjustments, and administrative costs thereunder. “(3) Prescription Drug Benefits under part D of title XVIII of this Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w-101 et seq.), including all subsidies, reinsurance, premiums, and administrative expenses thereunder. “(4) State Children’s Health Insurance Program under title XXI of this Act (42 U.S.C. 1397aa et seq.), including all federal allotments, administrative expenses, and state matching requirements thereunder. “(5) Maternal and Child Health Services Block Grant under title V of this Act (42 U.S.C. 701 et seq.), including all grants and administrative expenses thereunder. “(6) National Health Service Corps program under subpart II of part D of title III of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 254d et seq.), including scholarships, loan repayments, and administrative costs thereunder. “(7) Preventive Health and Health Services Block Grant under section 1901 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 300w et seq.), including all grants and related expenditures thereunder. The Secretary shall transfer from the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund such sums as are necessary to carry out these programs.”. (c) Conforming Amendments.— (1) Section 1839 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395r) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: “(j) Funding from Hospital Insurance Trust Fund.—Beginning with fiscal year 2027, all expenditures under part B shall be funded exclusively from the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund under section 1817(k), and no amounts shall be appropriated or transferred from the general fund of the Treasury.”. (2) Section 1853 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w-23) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: “(p) Funding from Hospital Insurance Trust Fund.—Beginning with fiscal year 2027, all payments and expenditures under part C shall be funded exclusively from the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund under section 1817(k), and no amounts shall be appropriated or transferred from the general fund of the Treasury.”. (3) Section 1860D-16 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w-116) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: “(g) Funding from Hospital Insurance Trust Fund.—Beginning with fiscal year 2027, all expenditures under part D shall be funded exclusively from the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund under section 1817(k), and no amounts shall be appropriated or transferred from the general fund of the Treasury.”. (4) Section 2105 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1397ee) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: “(m) Funding from Hospital Insurance Trust Fund.—Beginning with fiscal year 2027, all federal allotments under title XXI shall be funded exclusively from the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund under section 1817(k), and no amounts shall be appropriated or transferred from the general fund of the Treasury.”. (5) Section 501 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 701) is amended by striking “appropriated” and inserting “derived exclusively from the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund under section 1817(k), and no amounts shall be appropriated or transferred from the general fund of the Treasury”. (6) Section 331 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 254d) is amended by adding at the end: “Funding for this subpart shall be provided exclusively from the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund pursuant to section 1817(k) of the Social Security Act, and no amounts shall be appropriated or transferred from the general fund of the Treasury.”. (7) Section 1901 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 300w) is amended by striking “appropriated” and inserting “derived exclusively from the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund under section 1817(k) of the Social Security Act, and no amounts shall be appropriated or transferred from the general fund of the Treasury”. (d) Effective Date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply to fiscal years beginning on or after October 1, 2026, and any funds appropriated for such programs affected by this section which were scheduled to be drawn from the general fund of the Treasury shall be drawn exclusively from the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund during any such fiscal years. Sec. 214. Progressive Premium Adjustments for Medicare Parts B and D. (a) Part B Premiums.—Section 1839(i) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395r(i)) is amended— (1) by striking subclauses (3)(C)(i)(I) and (3)(C)(i)(II), (2) by renumbering (3)(C)(i)(III) as (3)(C)(i)(I) and amending it by inserting “and ending after 2026” after “with 2029”; (3) by adding after (3)(C)(i)(I) the following new subclause (3)(C)(i)(II): “(II) If the modified adjusted gross income is: “The applicable percentage is: “More than $85,000 but not more than $107,000 35 percent “More than $107,000 but not more than $133,500 50 percent “More than $133,500 but not more than $160,000 65 percent “More than $160,000 but less than $500,000 80 percent “More than $500,000 but less than $1,000,000 85 percent “More than $1,000,000 but less than $1,000,000,000 90 percent “More than $1,000,000,000 95 percent.”. (b) Part D Premiums.—Section 1860D-13(a)(7) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w-113(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph: “(8) Progressive Adjustments and Deposit.—The applicable percentage shall be reduced .”. (c) Effective Date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply to premiums for months beginning after December 31, 2026. Sec. 215. Fraud Reduction and Mandatory Refiling Program. (a) In General.—Title XVIII of the Social Security Act is amended by inserting after section 1899 the following new section: “Sec. 1899A. Fraud Reduction and Mandatory Refiling Program. “(a) Mandatory Refiling.—Every beneficiary under this title shall refile eligibility verification every 2 years, including proof of citizenship, identity, income, and residency. Failure to refile within 90 days shall result in suspension of benefits until compliance. “(b) Fraud Reduction Investments.—There are authorized to be appropriated from the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund such sums as may be necessary, not to exceed $15,000,000,000 annually, for technology, audits, investigations, and staff to reduce improper payments and fraud by at least 70 percent. “(c) Savings Deposit.—All savings from reduced improper payments under this section shall be deposited into the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund.”. (b) Effective Date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply to fiscal years beginning on or after October 1, 2026. Sec. 216. Solvency Safeguards for Provider Participation. (a) In General.—Title XVIII of the Social Security Act is amended by inserting after section 1899A the following new section: “Sec. 1899B. Solvency Safeguards for Provider Participation. “(a) Definitions.—For purposes of this section— “(1) Provider means any physician, hospital, skilled nursing facility, home health agency, or other entity eligible to participate in programs funded under section 1817(k). “(2) Satisfactory cost means a payment rate or reimbursement level that does not exceed the projected annual cost growth benchmark established by the Secretary for the applicable fiscal year, which shall be based on the lesser of— “(A) the percentage increase in the Chained Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (C-CPI-U) for the preceding fiscal year plus 1 percentage point; or “(B) the average cost growth rate for the program over the preceding 3 fiscal years, adjusted for inflation and demographic changes. “(3) Long-term costs means projected expenditures over a 5-year period, as determined by the Chief Actuary of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. “(b) Negotiation Requirement.—For each fiscal year beginning after September 30, 2027, the Secretary shall negotiate with providers to establish payment rates that achieve satisfactory costs and reduce long-term costs for programs funded under section 1817(k). Such negotiations shall include— “(1) annual benchmarks for cost growth, specific to provider type and service category; “(2) incentives for efficiency, such as bundled payments or value-based arrangements that demonstrate at least a 5 percent reduction in projected expenditures compared to fee-for-service baselines; and “(3) data submission requirements, including utilization reports, cost structures, and outcome metrics, to be provided by providers no later than 90 days before the start of the fiscal year. “(c) Ineligibility for Non-Compliance.—If a provider fails to agree to payment rates that meet the satisfactory cost criteria during negotiations, or if the provider's actual costs exceed the agreed benchmarks by more than 5 percent in any fiscal year (as determined by audit), the provider shall be ineligible to participate in any program funded under section 1817(k) for a period of not less than 1 year, subject to appeal under procedures established by the Secretary. “(d) Appeals and Waivers.—The Secretary shall establish an appeals process for providers deemed ineligible under subsection (c), and may grant waivers for providers in underserved areas or for essential services if ineligibility would result in significant access barriers, as determined by the Secretary.”. (b) Effective Date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply to fiscal years beginning on or after October 1, 2027. Sec. 217. Employer Surtax for Hospital Insurance. (a) In General.—Section 3111 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: "(d) Additional Hospital Insurance Tax on Large Employers.—In addition to the tax imposed by subsection (b), there is hereby imposed on every employer with more than 100 employees an additional tax equal to 1 percent of the wages (as defined in section 3121(a)) paid by the employer with respect to employment.". (b) Deposit of Revenues.—All revenues collected under the amendment made by subsection (a) shall be deposited into the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund established under section 1817 of the Social Security Act. (c) Effective Date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply to wages paid after December 31, 2026. TITLE III—Civil Service Reform of 2026 Sec. 301. Data standards for grant reporting. (a) Amendment.—Subtitle V of title 31, United States Code, is amended by inserting after chapter 63 the following new chapter: “CHAPTER 64—DATA STANDARDS FOR GRANT REPORTING “Sec. 6401. Definitions. “In this chapter: “(1) AGENCY.—The term ‘agency’ has the meaning given that term in section 552(f) of title 5. “(2) CORE DATA ELEMENTS.—The term ‘core data elements’ means data elements that are not program-specific in nature and are required by agencies for all or the vast majority of Federal grant and cooperative assistance recipients for purposes of reporting. “(3) DIRECTOR.—The term ‘Director’ means the Director of the Office of Management and Budget. “(4) FEDERAL AWARD.—The term ‘Federal award’— “(A) means the transfer of anything of value for a public purpose of support or stimulation authorized by a law of the United States, including financial assistance and Government facilities, services, and property; “(B) includes grants, subgrants, awards, and cooperative agreements; and “(C) does not include— “(i) conventional public information services or procurement of property or services for the direct benefit or use of the Government; or “(ii) an agreement that provides only— “(I) direct Government cash assistance to an individual; “(II) a subsidy; “(III) a loan; “(IV) a loan guarantee; or “(V) insurance. “(5) SECRETARY.—The term ‘Secretary’ means the head of the standard-setting agency. “(6) STANDARD-SETTING AGENCY.—The term ‘standard-setting agency’ means the Executive department designated under section 6402(a)(1). “(7) STATE.—The term ‘State’ means each State of the United States, the District of Columbia, each commonwealth, territory or possession of the United States, and each federally recognized Indian Tribe. “Sec. 6402. Data standards for grant reporting. “(a) In general.— “(1) DESIGNATION OF STANDARD-SETTING AGENCY.—The Director shall designate the Executive department (as defined in section 101 of title 5) that issues the most Federal awards in a calendar year as the standard-setting agency. “(2) ESTABLISHMENT OF STANDARDS.—Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this chapter, the Secretary and the Director shall establish Governmentwide data standards for information reported by recipients of Federal awards. “(3) DATA ELEMENTS.—The data standards established under paragraph (2) shall include, at a minimum— “(A) standard definitions for data elements required for managing Federal awards; and “(B) unique identifiers for Federal awards and entities receiving Federal awards that can be consistently applied Governmentwide. “(b) Scope.—The data standards established under subsection (a) shall include core data elements and may cover any information required to be reported to any agency by recipients of Federal awards, including audit-related information reported under chapter 75 of this title. “(c) Requirements.—The data standards required to be established under subsection (a) shall, to the extent reasonable and practicable— “(1) render information reported by recipients of Federal grant and cooperative agreement awards fully searchable and machine-readable; “(2) be nonproprietary; “(3) incorporate standards developed and maintained by voluntary consensus standards bodies; “(4) be consistent with and implement applicable accounting and reporting principles; and “(5) incorporate the data standards established under the Federal Funding Accountability and Transparency Act of 2006 (31 U.S.C. 6101 note). “(d) Consultation.—In establishing the data standards under subsection (a), the Secretary and the Director shall consult with, as appropriate— “(1) the Secretary of the Treasury, to ensure that the data standards incorporate the data standards created under the Federal Funding Accountability and Transparency Act of 2006 (31 U.S.C. 6101 note); “(2) the head of each agency that issues Federal awards; “(3) recipients of Federal awards and organizations representing recipients of Federal awards; “(4) private sector experts; “(5) members of the public, including privacy experts, privacy advocates, and industry stakeholders; and “(6) State and local governments. “Sec. 6403. Guidance applying data standards for grant reporting. “(a) In general.—Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this chapter— “(1) the Secretary and the Director shall issue guidance to all agencies directing the agencies to apply the data standards established under section 6402 to all applicable reporting by recipients of Federal grant and cooperative agreement awards; and “(2) the Director shall prescribe guidance applying the data standards to audit-related information reported under chapter 75. “(b) Guidance.—The guidance issued under this section shall— “(1) to the extent reasonable and practicable— “(A) minimize the disruption to existing reporting practices for agencies and for recipients of Federal grant and cooperative agreement awards; and “(B) explore opportunities to implement modern technologies within Federal award reporting; “(2) allow the Director to permit exceptions for categories of grants if the Director publishes a list of such exceptions, including exceptions for Indian Tribes and Tribal organizations consistent with the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act; and “(3) take into consideration the consultation required under section 6402(d). “Sec. 6404. Agency requirements. “Not later than 3 years after the date of the enactment of this chapter, the head of each agency shall ensure that all of the agency’s grants and cooperative agreements use data standards for all future information collection requests and amend existing information collection requests covered by chapter 35 of title 44 (commonly referred to as the Paperwork Reduction Act) to comply with the data standards established under section 6402, consistent with the guidance issued by the Secretary and the Director under section 6403.”. (b) Technical and conforming amendment.—The table of chapters for subtitle V of title 31, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to chapter 63 the following new item: “64. Data Standards for Grant Reporting 6401”. Sec. 302. Single audit act. (a) Amendments.— (1) Section 7502(h) of title 31, United States Code, is amended by inserting before “to a Federal clearinghouse” the following “in an electronic form consistent with the data standards established under chapter 64,”. (2) Section 7505 of title 31, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: “(d) Such guidance shall require audit-related information reported under this chapter to be reported in an electronic form consistent with the data standards established under chapter 64.”. (b) Guidance.—Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director shall issue guidance requiring audit-related information reported under chapter 75 of title 31, United States Code, to be reported in an electronic form consistent with the data standards established under chapter 64 of title 31, United States Code, as added by section 3. Sec. 303. Consolidation of assistance-related information; publication of public information as open data. (a) Collection of information.—Not later than 4 years after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary and the Director shall enable the collection, public display, and maintenance of Federal award information as a Governmentwide data set, using the data standards established under chapter 64 of title 31, United States Code, as added by section 3, subject to reasonable restrictions established by the Director to ensure protection of personally identifiable and otherwise sensitive information. (b) Publication of information.—The Secretary and the Director shall require the publication of recipient-reported data collected from all agencies on a single public portal. Information may be published on an existing Governmentwide website as determined appropriate by the Director. (c) FOIA.—Nothing in this section shall require the disclosure to the public of information that would be exempt from disclosure under section 552 of title 5, United States Code (commonly known as the “Freedom of Information Act”). Sec. 304. Evaluation of nonproprietary identifiers. (a) Determination required.—The Director and the Secretary shall determine whether to use nonproprietary identifiers under section 6402(a)(3)(B) of title 31, United States Code, as added by section 3(a). (b) Factors To be considered.—In making the determination required pursuant to subsection (a), the Director and the Secretary shall consider factors such as accessibility and cost to recipients of Federal awards, agencies that issue Federal awards, private-sector experts, and members of the public, including privacy experts and privacy advocates. (c) Publication and report on determination.—Not later than the earlier of 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act or the date on which the Secretary and Director establish data standards pursuant to section 6402(a)(2) of title 31, United States Code, as added by section 3(a), the Secretary and the Director shall publish and submit to the Committees on Oversight and Government Reform of the House of Representatives and Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate a report explaining the reasoning for the determination made pursuant to subsection (a). Sec. 305. Definitions. In this Title, the terms “agency”, “Director”, “Federal award”, and “Secretary” have the meaning given those terms in section 6401 of title 31, United States Code, as added by section 3(a). Sec. 306. Rule of construction. Nothing in this Title, or the amendments made by this Act, shall be construed to require the collection of data that is not otherwise required pursuant to any Federal law, rule, or regulation. Sec. 307. No additional funds authorized. No additional funds are authorized to carry out the requirements of this Act and the amendments made by this Act. Such requirements shall be carried out using amounts otherwise authorized. Sec. 308. Repeal of deadwood. 47 U.S.C. 398(b) is repealed. Sec. 309. Nondiscrimination in federal employment. (a) Neither the United States Government nor any territory or other entity associated to it (including any government contractor, government-sponsored enterprise, or government-associated agency) shall discriminate against or grant preferential treatment to any individual or group on the basis of race, sex, color, ethnicity, or national origin. (b) This section shall not be interpreted as prohibiting or restricting any bona fide qualifications based on sex or intelligence quotient which are reasonably necessary to ensure the proper performance of functions of any entity affected by it, but shall prohibit the use of unequal fitness requirements. A qualification which is intended to prohibit or restrict intelligent persons, rather than unintelligent persons, shall be regarded as unreasonable and unnecessary and as an act of discrimination in all cases, and such an act shall be treated as an unlawful action undertaken under color of law. (c) Nothing in this section shall be interpreted as invalidating any court order or consent decree which is in force as of the effective date of this section. (d) Nothing in this section shall be interpreted as prohibiting action which must be taken to establish or maintain eligibility for any federal program, where ineligibility would result in a loss of federal funds to the state. (e) The remedies available for violations of this section shall be the same, regardless of the injured party's race, sex, color, ethnicity, or national origin. TITLE IV—Government Corporations Revenue Act of 2026 Sec. 401. P.O. Box discrimination. Title 39 subsection 2201 shall be amended as follows: “P.O. Box discrimination” “The P.O. Box service of the United States Postal Service shall not receive discrimination by any service requesting an address, except with permission of the Postal Regulatory Commission or Postmaster General.” Sec. 402. Reform of postal employment law. Title 26 subsection 101(c) shall be amended as follows: “(c) As an employer, the Postal Service shall endeavor to achieve and maintain adequate compensation relative to the cost of living in their place of residence to allow for its officers and employees to have the capability to support themselves and their families while simultaneously saving funds. It shall place particular emphasis upon employee retention and reduction of youth unemployment.” Sec. 403. Postal savings system. A new section 417 is created at the end of chapter 4 of Title 39 as follows: “Authority to establish a postal savings system” “(a) Provided its profitability in fiscal years starting in 2026, The United States Postal Service is authorized to establish a United States Postal Savings System, which shall be open to citizens of the United States of America and other persons legally residing in it. “(b) The United States Postal Service must collect data from postal savings customers and use such data for the purpose of ensuring security for its customers and the general public. Data must be shared with law enforcement in cases where it is known that law enforcement is either enforcing any valid state or federal law. “(c) The United States Postal Service is encouraged to establish synergy between Postal Savings System and the other services it provides, and encouraged to make the Postal Savings System competitive by any means. “(d) The United States Postal Service is authorized to give interest on deposits, allow businesses to establish accounts, bill Postal Savings System accounts, and establish fees for account holders. “(e) The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation must guarantee all deposits held by the United States Postal Savings System. “(f) The United States Postal Savings System will not mandate any minimum deposit for the purpose of holding an account, but may charge fees for accounts’ services below such balances as it chooses to establish. “(g) The Postal Savings System must maintain uniformity in its prices for financial services, except where such fees may be elevated by costs of shipping. “(h) The United States Postal Service is authorized to lend money, charge interest, issue cards for debit and credit, and engage in other activities related to banking. “(i) The United States Postal Service shall not be permitted to engage in discrimination against any person based on utilization of any right established by the Constitution of the United States, by discriminating against companies engaged in the sale of firearms, practicing any specific religion, or advocating any specific views. “(j) Nothing in this section shall be interpreted as prohibiting any private business from operating a competing service.” Sec. 404. Ending Porch Piracy in America. (a) Mandatory Reporting by High-Volume Mailers.—Chapter 83 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 1691 the following: “Sec. 1691A. Mandatory reporting of suspected mail theft by high-volume mailers “(a) Covered Entity Defined.—In this section, the term ‘covered entity’ means any person or entity that, in the preceding calendar year, tendered to the United States Postal Service 500,000 or more mailpieces containing merchandise sold at retail. “(b) Reporting Requirement.—A covered entity shall, not later than 7 business days after receiving a customer report that a mailpiece containing merchandise was marked as delivered by the Postal Service but was not received by the customer, transmit to the Postal Inspection Service, in such form and manner as the Postal Inspection Service shall prescribe: (1) the tracking number; (2) date marked delivered; (3) delivery address (city, State, and ZIP Code only); (4) value of contents; and (5) whether the entity has issued or intends to issue a refund or replacement. “(c) Safe Harbor.—A covered entity that complies in good faith with subsection (b) shall not be liable in any civil action arising from the non-delivery of the mailpiece. “(d) Civil Penalty.—Any covered entity that knowingly fails to report as required by subsection (b) shall be liable for a civil penalty of $10,000 per violation, recoverable by the United States in a civil action. Any covered entity which attempts to obtain funds from a distribution partner (such as a warehouse or other business partner which sells merchandise through a covered entity's retail storefront) shall be liable for $1,000,000 per violation, in addition to restitution to any such warehouse or business partner, and any individual working for such covered entity who opts to engage in such activity shall be jailable as a person who has committed mail fraud. “(e) Use of Reports.—The Postal Inspection Service shall use reports received under this section to identify patterns of mail theft and to initiate investigations under sections 1701–1709 of this title (mail theft, mail fraud, and related offenses).” (b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sections for chapter 83 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 1691 the following: “1691A. Mandatory reporting of suspected mail theft by high-volume mailers.” (c) Clarification That Intentional Non-Shipment After Payment Constitutes Mail Fraud.—Section 1341 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: “For purposes of this section, a scheme or artifice to defraud includes accepting payment for merchandise with the intent not-to-ship the merchandise and instead to convert the payment to the seller’s own use, where the seller represents that the merchandise will be shipped via the United States mails. False reports of merchandise submitted by a buyer in order to attempt to obtain an illegitimate refund shall also be considered mail fraud under this section. Attempts to obtian funds from a distribution partner (such as a warehouse or other business partner which sells merchandise through a retail storefront not owned by such warehouse or business partner) shall be considered as mail fraud.” (d) Funding.—There is authorized to be appropriated to the United States Postal Service $250,000,000 for cameras for postal facilities, personnel, and vehicles and to the Postal Inspection Service $150,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2026 through 2030 to hire additional inspectors and analysts dedicated to mail-theft, cameras for postal facilities, personnel, and vehicles, and online-fraud investigations generated under this section. United States Postal Service and Postal Inspection Service facilities and vehicles shall be mandated to achieve full 100% surveillance within facilities and vehicles (including parking lots and outside areas of facility premises) and 360 degree monitoring via front, back, and side cameras on all vehicles. All personnel of the United States Postal Service and Postal Inspection Service shall also be equipped with body cameras, unless within facilities where cameras are in use, in order to improve postal investigations. (e) Effective Date.—This section shall take effect 180 days after the date of enactment. Sec. 405. Post office emergency suspension website. (a) In general.—Subchapter VII of chapter 36 of title 39, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new section: “§ 3693. Post office emergency suspension website “(a) In general.—The Postal Service shall develop and maintain a publicly available website with an interactive web-tool that provides information about each covered post office, including the information described in subsection (b). “(b) Emergency suspension information.—The information provided on the website shall include— “(1) a list of each covered post office; and “(2) for each covered post office— “(A) a street address; “(B) the date on which the relevant emergency suspension for such covered post office took effect; “(C) the reason for such emergency suspension; “(D) alternative services available, including how to request curbside delivery; “(E) the location of, and hours of operation for, the nearest facility providing retail access to postal services; and “(F) to the extent practicable, the estimated date on which operations at such covered post office will resume. “(c) Address search functionality.—The website shall include functionality enabling a user to search for information about covered post offices by street address, ZIP Code, or post office box. “(d) Format.—The information described in subsection (a) shall be provided on the website— “(1) in a manner that— “(A) presents such information on an interactive dashboard; “(B) is searchable and may be sorted and filtered by the elements described in subsection (b)(2); and “(C) to the extent practicable, enables any person or entity to download in bulk— “(i) such information; and “(ii) the results of a search by the elements described in subsection (b)(2); “(2) in an open format that permits any individual or entity to reuse and analyze such information; and “(3) in a structured data format, to the extent practicable. “(e) Suspension notice.—Information provided on the website shall not be considered as providing notice to any person that the operations of a post office have been temporarily suspended pursuant to subchapter 61 of the Postal Service Handbook PO–101, or any successor policy. “(f) Definitions.—In this section: “(1) COVERED POST OFFICE.—The term ‘covered post office’ means a post office at which operations have been temporarily suspended pursuant to subchapter 61 of the Postal Service Handbook PO–101, or any successor policy. “(2) EMERGENCY SUSPENSION.—The term ‘emergency suspension’ means the temporary suspension of operations at a post office pursuant to subchapter 61 of the Postal Service Handbook PO–101, or any successor policy. “(3) POST OFFICE.—The term ‘post office’ means a Post Office, as such term is defined in section 241.1 of title 39, Code of Federal Regulations, or any successor regulation, and includes a post office branch or post office station. “(4) WEBSITE.—The term ‘Website’ means the website described in subsection (a).”. (b) Implementation deadline.—Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Postal Service shall establish the website required under section 3693(a) of title 39, United States Code, as added by this Act. (c) Clerical amendment.—The table of sections for chapter 36 of title 39, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 3692 the following new item: “3693. Post office emergency suspension website.”. Sec. 406. Government loans interest. The Secretary of the Treasury shall certify for each fiscal year maximum actual and hypothetical interest rates for debts of the Federal Government in each fiscal year, and in any fiscal year no credit which the United States offers shall be offered at an interest rate less than the next percentage point rounded up from the highest among the maximum actual and hypothetical interest rates for that fiscal year and the previous fiscal year, notwithstanding any legislation which may set interest rates less than such rate. TITLE V—Deregulation for the Deficit Act of 2026 Sec. 501. Internet taxation reduced. A new section 8406 of Title 15 is created as follows: “Protection from fees incurred by state and local governments” “In order to do business within a given state of the United States, a state may not impose any fee outside of the regular collection of sales taxes to operate in any jurisdiction exceeding $10. States are mandated to provide up-to-date tax rate information, including information about local taxes which may be applied, and may not force businesses to pay taxes not collected from consumers. States are authorized to collect taxes on online purchases from their own residents, and mandate out-of-state businesses to assist in such collections when necessary.” Sec. 502. Export of unapproved products. A new subsection (j) is created at the end of section 382 of Title 21 as follows: “(j) Subject to registration requirements and any regulations which may be deemed necessary by the Food and Drug Administration, it is legal to manufacture for the purpose of export any products which are unapproved for use in the United States to any foreign nation where said products may be legal, provided— (1) such products are not adulterated, misbranded, or in violation of any intellectual property rights recognized by the United States, (2) the use, implantation, or other procedure or service necessary to make use of said products is not illegal in foreign nations which receive unapproved products, (3) such products are ordinarily subject to FDA approval and otherwise illegal under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. (4) such products are not labeled in such a way that would harm the reputation of other FDA-approved products, and (5) such products are approved by the Environmental Protection Agency.” Sec. 503. Electronic duck stamps. (a) Definitions.—In this section: (1) ACTUAL STAMP.—The term “actual stamp” means a Federal migratory-bird hunting and conservation stamp required under the Act of March 16, 1934 (16 U.S.C. 718a et seq.) (popularly known as the “Duck Stamp Act”), that is printed on paper and sold through the means established by the authority of the Secretary immediately before the date of enactment of this Act. (2) AUTOMATED LICENSING SYSTEM.— (A) IN GENERAL.—The term “automated licensing system” means an electronic, computerized licensing system used by a State fish and wildlife agency to issue hunting, fishing, and other associated licenses and products. (B) INCLUSION.—The term “automated licensing system” includes a point-of-sale, Internet, telephonic system, or other electronic applications used for a purpose described in subparagraph (A). (3) ELECTRONIC STAMP.—The term “electronic stamp” means an electronic version of an actual stamp that— (A) is a unique identifier for the individual to whom it is issued; (B) can be printed on paper or produced through an electronic application with the same indicators as the State endorsement provides; (C) is issued through a State automated licensing system that is authorized, under State law and by the Secretary under this section, to issue electronic stamps; (D) is compatible with the hunting licensing system of the State that issues the electronic stamp; and (E) is described in the State application approved by the Secretary under subsection (c)(3). (4) SECRETARY.—The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of the Interior. (b) Authority to issue electronic duck stamps.— (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may authorize any State to issue electronic stamps in accordance with this section. (2) CONSULTATION.—The Secretary shall implement this section in consultation with State management agencies. (c) State application.— (1) APPROVAL OF APPLICATION REQUIRED.—The Secretary may not authorize a State to issue electronic stamps under this section unless the Secretary has received and approved an application submitted by the State in accordance with this section. (2) NUMBER OF NEW STATES.—The Secretary may determine the number of new States per year to participate in the electronic stamp program. (3) CONTENTS OF APPLICATION.—The Secretary may not approve a State application unless the application contains— (A) a description of the format of the electronic stamp that the State will issue under this section, including identifying features of the licensee that will be specified on the stamp; (B) a description of any fee the State will charge for issuance of an electronic stamp; (C) a description of the process the State will use to account for and transfer to the Secretary the amounts collected by the State that are required to be transferred to the Secretary under the program; (D) the manner by which the State will transmit electronic stamp customer data to the Secretary; (E) the manner by which actual stamps will be delivered; (F) the policies and procedures under which the State will issue duplicate electronic stamps; and (G) such other policies, procedures, and information as may be reasonably required by the Secretary. (4) PUBLICATION OF DEADLINES, ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS, AND SELECTION CRITERIA.—Not later than 30 days before the date on which the Secretary begins accepting applications under this section, the Secretary shall publish— (A) deadlines for submission of applications; (B) eligibility requirements for submitting applications; and (C) criteria for approving applications. (d) State obligations and authorities.— (1) DELIVERY OF ACTUAL STAMP.—The Secretary shall require that each individual to whom a State sells an electronic stamp under this section shall receive an actual stamp— (A) by not later than the date on which the electronic stamp expires under subsection (e)(3); and (B) in a manner agreed upon by the State and Secretary. (2) COLLECTION AND TRANSFER OF ELECTRONIC STAMP REVENUE AND CUSTOMER INFORMATION.— (A) REQUIREMENT TO TRANSMIT.—The Secretary shall require each State authorized to issue electronic stamps to collect and submit to the Secretary in accordance with this subsection— (i) the first name, last name, and complete mailing address of each individual that purchases an electronic stamp from the State; (ii) the face value amount of each electronic stamp sold by the State; and (iii) the amount of the Federal portion of any fee required by the agreement for each stamp sold. (B) TIME OF TRANSMITTAL.—The Secretary shall require the submission under subparagraph (A) to be made with respect to sales of electronic stamps by a State according to the written agreement between the Secretary and the State agency. (C) ADDITIONAL FEES NOT AFFECTED.—This section shall not apply to the State portion of any fee collected by a State under paragraph (3). (3) ELECTRONIC STAMP ISSUANCE FEE.—A State authorized to issue electronic stamps may charge a reasonable fee to cover costs incurred by the State and the Department of the Interior in issuing electronic stamps under this section, including costs of delivery of actual stamps. (4) DUPLICATE ELECTRONIC STAMPS.—A State authorized to issue electronic stamps may issue a duplicate electronic stamp to replace an electronic stamp issued by the State that is lost or damaged. (5) LIMITATION ON AUTHORITY TO REQUIRE PURCHASE OF STATE LICENSE.—A State may not require that an individual purchase a State hunting license as a condition of issuing an electronic stamp under this section. (e) Electronic stamp requirements; recognition of electronic stamp.— (1) STAMP REQUIREMENTS.—The Secretary shall require an electronic stamp issued by a State under this section— (A) to have the same format as any other license, validation, or privilege the State issues under the automated licensing system of the State; and (B) to specify identifying features of the licensee that are adequate to enable Federal, State, and other law enforcement officers to identify the holder. (2) RECOGNITION OF ELECTRONIC STAMP.—Any electronic stamp issued by a State under this section shall, during the effective period of the electronic stamp— (A) bestow upon the licensee the same privileges as are bestowed by an actual stamp; (B) be recognized nationally as a valid Federal migratory bird hunting and conservation stamp; and (C) authorize the licensee to hunt migratory waterfowl in any other State, in accordance with the laws of the other State governing that hunting. (3) DURATION.—An electronic stamp issued by a State shall be valid for a period agreed to by the State and the Secretary, which shall not exceed 45 days. (f) Termination of state participation.—The authority of a State to issue electronic stamps under this section may be terminated— (1) by the Secretary, if the Secretary— (A) finds that the State has violated any of the terms of the application of the State approved by the Secretary under subsection (c); and (B) provides to the State written notice of the termination by not later than the date that is 30 days before the date of termination; or (2) by the State, by providing written notice to the Secretary by not later than the date that is 30 days before the termination date. Sec. 504. Modification of definition of sport fishing equipment under the Toxic Substances Control Act. (a) In general.—Section 3(2)(B) of the Toxic Substances Control Act (15 U.S.C. 2602(2)(B)) is amended— (1) in clause (v), by striking “, and” and inserting “, or any component of any such article including, without limitation, shot, bullets and other projectiles, propellants, and primers,”; (2) in clause (vi) by striking the period at the end and inserting “, and”; and (3) by inserting after clause (vi) the following: “(vii) any sport fishing equipment (as the term is defined in subsection (a) of section 4162 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, without regard to paragraphs (6) through (9) thereof), the sale of which is subject to the tax imposed by section 4161(a) of such Code (determined without regard to any exemptions from such tax as provided by section 4162 or 4221 or any other provision of such Code), and sport fishing equipment components.”. (b) Relationship to other law.—Nothing in the amendments made by this section affects or limits the application of, or the obligation to comply with, any other Federal, State, or local law. Sec. 505. Target practice and marksmanship. (a) Definition of public target range.—In this section, the term “public target range” means a specific location that— (1) is identified by a governmental agency for recreational shooting; (2) is open to the public; (3) may be supervised; and (4) may accommodate archery or rifle, pistol, or shotgun shooting. (b) Amendments to pittman-robertson wildlife restoration act.— (1) DEFINITIONS.—Section 2 of the Pittman-Robertson Wildlife Restoration Act (16 U.S.C. 669a) is amended— (A) by redesignating paragraphs (2) through (8) as paragraphs (3) through (9), respectively; and (B) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following: “(2) the term ‘public target range’ means a specific location that— “(A) is identified by a governmental agency for recreational shooting; “(B) is open to the public; “(C) may be supervised; and “(D) may accommodate archery or rifle, pistol, or shotgun shooting;”. (2) EXPENDITURES FOR MANAGEMENT OF WILDLIFE AREAS AND RESOURCES.—Section 8(b) of the Pittman-Robertson Wildlife Restoration Act (16 U.S.C. 669g(b)) is amended— (A) by striking “(b) Each State” and inserting the following: “(b) Expenditures for management of wildlife areas and resources.— “(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), each State”; (B) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), by striking “construction, operation,” and inserting “operation”; (C) in the second sentence, by striking “The non-Federal share” and inserting the following: “(3) NON-FEDERAL SHARE.—The non-Federal share”; (D) in the third sentence, by striking “The Secretary” and inserting the following: “(4) REGULATIONS.—The Secretary”; and (E) by inserting after paragraph (1) (as designated by subparagraph (A)) the following: “(2) EXCEPTION.—Notwithstanding the limitation described in paragraph (1), a State may pay up to 90 percent of the cost of acquiring land for, expanding, or constructing a public target range.”. (3) FIREARM AND BOW HUNTER EDUCATION AND SAFETY PROGRAM GRANTS.—Section 10 of the Pittman-Robertson Wildlife Restoration Act (16 U.S.C. 669h–1) is amended— (A) in subsection (a), by adding at the end the following: “(3) ALLOCATION OF ADDITIONAL AMOUNTS.—Of the amount apportioned to a State for any fiscal year under section 4(b), the State may elect to allocate not more than 10 percent, to be combined with the amount apportioned to the State under paragraph (1) for that fiscal year, for acquiring land for, expanding, or constructing a public target range.”; (B) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following: “(b) Cost sharing.— “(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), the Federal share of the cost of any activity carried out using a grant under this section shall not exceed 75 percent of the total cost of the activity. “(2) PUBLIC TARGET RANGE CONSTRUCTION OR EXPANSION.—The Federal share of the cost of acquiring land for, expanding, or constructing a public target range in a State on Federal or non-Federal land pursuant to this section or section 8(b) shall not exceed 90 percent of the cost of the activity.”; and (C) in subsection (c)(1)— (i) by striking “Amounts made” and inserting the following: “(A) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in subparagraph (B), amounts made”; and (ii) by adding at the end the following: “(B) EXCEPTION.—Amounts provided for acquiring land for, constructing, or expanding a public target range shall remain available for expenditure and obligation during the 5-fiscal-year period beginning on October 1 of the first fiscal year for which the amounts are made available.”. (d) Sense of congress regarding cooperation.—It is the sense of Congress that, consistent with applicable laws (including regulations), the Chief of the Forest Service and the Director of the Bureau of Land Management should cooperate with State and local authorities and other entities to carry out waste removal and other activities on any Federal land used as a public target range to encourage continued use of that land for target practice or marksmanship training. Sec. 506. Exemption for subsistence users. (a) In general.—Section 3(h)(2) of the Fish and Wildlife Improvement Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 712(1)) is amended by adding at the end the following: “A taking authorized under this section shall be exempt from the prohibition on taking under section 1 of the Migratory Bird Hunting and Conservation Stamp Act (16 U.S.C. 718a).”. (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall take effect sixty days after its enactment. Sec. 507. Permits for importation of polar bear trophies taken in sport hunts in Canada. (a) In general.—Section 104(c)(5) of the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1374(c)(5)) is amended by striking subparagraph (D) and inserting the following: “(D) POLAR BEAR PARTS.— “(i) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding subparagraphs (A) and (C)(ii), subsection (d)(3), and sections 101 and 102, the Secretary of the Interior shall, expeditiously after the date on which the expiration of the applicable 30-day period described in subsection (d)(2) expires, issue a permit for the importation of any polar bear part (other than an internal organ) from a polar bear taken in a sport hunt in Canada to any person— “(I) who submits, with the permit application, proof that the polar bear was legally harvested by the person before February 18, 1997; or “(II) who submitted, with a permit application submitted before May 15, 2008, proof that the polar bear was legally harvested from a polar bear population from which a sport-hunted trophy could be imported before May 15, 2008, in accordance with section 18.30(i) of title 50, Code of Federal Regulations (or a successor regulation) by the person before May 15, 2008. “(ii) APPLICABILITY OF PROHIBITION ON THE IMPORTATION OF A DEPLETED SPECIES.— “(I) PARTS LEGALLY HARVESTED BEFORE FEBRUARY 18, 1997.— “(aa) IN GENERAL.—Sections 101(a)(3)(B) and 102(b)(3) shall not apply to the importation of any polar bear part authorized by a permit issued under clause (i)(I). “(bb) APPLICABILITY.—Item (aa) shall not apply to polar bear parts imported before June 12, 1997. “(II) PARTS LEGALLY HARVESTED BEFORE MAY 15, 2008.— “(aa) IN GENERAL.—Sections 101(a)(3)(B) and 102(b)(3) shall not apply to the importation of any polar bear part authorized by a permit issued under clause (i)(II). “(bb) APPLICABILITY.—Item (aa) shall not apply to polar bear parts imported before the date of enactment of the Bipartisan Sportsmen's Act of 2014.”. (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall take effect sixty days after its enactment. Sec. 508. Baiting of migratory game birds. (a) In general.—Section 3 of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (16 U.S.C. 704) is amended by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following: “(b) Prohibition of baiting.— “(1) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection: “(A) BAITED AREA.— “(i) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘baited area’ means— “(I) any area on which salt, grain, or other feed has been placed, exposed, deposited, distributed, or scattered, if the salt, grain, or feed could lure or attract migratory game birds; and “(II) in the case of waterfowl, cranes (family Gruidae), and coots (family Rallidae), a standing, unharvested crop that has been manipulated through activities such as mowing, discing, or rolling, unless the activities are normal agricultural practices. “(ii) EXCLUSIONS.—An area shall not be considered to be a ‘baited area’ if the area— “(I) has been treated with a normal agricultural practice; “(II) has standing crops that have not been manipulated; or “(III) has standing crops that have been or are flooded. “(B) BAITING.—The term ‘baiting’ means the direct or indirect placing, exposing, depositing, distributing, or scattering of salt, grain, or other feed that could lure or attract migratory game birds to, on, or over any areas on which a hunter is attempting to take migratory game birds. “(C) MIGRATORY GAME BIRD.—The term ‘migratory game bird’ means migratory bird species— “(i) that are within the taxonomic families of Anatidae, Columbidae, Gruidae, Rallidae, and Scolopacidae; and “(ii) for which open seasons are prescribed by the Secretary of the Interior. “(D) NORMAL AGRICULTURAL PRACTICE.— “(i) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘normal agricultural practice’ means any practice in 1 annual growing season that— “(I) is carried out in order to produce a marketable crop, including planting, harvest, post-harvest, or soil conservation practices; and “(II) is recommended for the successful harvest of a given crop by the applicable State office of the Cooperative Extension System of the Department of Agriculture, in consultation with, and if requested, the concurrence of, the head of the applicable State department of fish and wildlife. “(ii) INCLUSIONS.— “(I) IN GENERAL.—Subject to subclause (II), the term ‘normal agricultural practice’ includes the destruction of a crop in accordance with practices required by the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation for agricultural producers to obtain crop insurance under the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.) on land on which a crop during the current or immediately preceding crop year was not harvestable due to a natural disaster (including any hurricane, storm, tornado, flood, high water, wind-driven water, tidal wave, tsunami, earthquake, volcanic eruption, landslide, mudslide, drought, fire, snowstorm, or other catastrophe that is declared a major disaster by the President in accordance with section 401 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5170)). “(II) LIMITATIONS.—The term ‘normal agricultural practice’ only includes a crop described in subclause (I) that has been destroyed or manipulated through activities that include (but are not limited to) mowing, discing, or rolling if the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation certifies that flooding was not an acceptable method of destruction to obtain crop insurance under the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.). “(E) WATERFOWL.—The term ‘waterfowl’ means native species of the family Anatidae. “(2) PROHIBITION.—It shall be unlawful for any person— “(A) to take any migratory game bird by baiting or on or over any baited area, if the person knows or reasonably should know that the area is a baited area; or “(B) to place or direct the placement of bait on or adjacent to an area for the purpose of causing, inducing, or allowing any person to take or attempt to take any migratory game bird by baiting or on or over the baited area. “(3) REGULATIONS.—The Secretary of the Interior may promulgate regulations to implement this subsection. “(4) REPORTS.—Annually, the Secretary of Agriculture shall submit to the Secretary of the Interior a report that describes any changes to normal agricultural practices across the range of crops grown by agricultural producers in each region of the United States in which the recommendations are provided to agricultural producers.”. (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall take effect sixty days after its enactment. Sec. 509. Recreational fishing, hunting, and recreational shooting on Federal public land. (a) Definitions.—In this section: (1) FEDERAL PUBLIC LAND.— (A) IN GENERAL.—The term “Federal public land” means any land or water that is— (i) owned by the United States; and (ii) managed by a Federal agency (including the Department of the Interior and the Forest Service) for purposes that include the conservation of natural resources. (B) EXCLUSIONS.—The term “Federal public land” does not include— (i) land or water held or managed in trust for the benefit of Indian tribes or individual Indians; (ii) land or water managed by the Director of the National Park Service or the Director of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service; (iii) fish hatcheries; or (iv) conservation easements on private land. (2) HUNTING.— (A) IN GENERAL.—The term “hunting” means use of a firearm, bow, or other authorized means in the lawful— (i) pursuit, shooting, capture, collection, trapping, or killing of wildlife; or (ii) attempt to pursue, shoot, capture, collect, trap, or kill wildlife. (B) EXCLUSION.—The term “hunting” does not include the use of skilled volunteers to cull excess animals (as defined by Federal law (including regulations)). (3) RECREATIONAL FISHING.—The term “recreational fishing” means— (A) an activity for sport or pleasure that involves the lawful— (i) catching, taking, or harvesting of fish; or (ii) attempted catching, taking, or harvesting of fish; or (B) any other activity for sport or pleasure that can reasonably be expected to result in the lawful catching, taking, or harvesting of fish. (4) RECREATIONAL SHOOTING.—The term “recreational shooting” means any form of sport, training, competition, or pastime, whether formal or informal, that involves— (A) the discharge of a rifle, handgun, or shotgun; or (B) the use of a bow and arrow. (b) Recreational fishing, hunting, and recreational shooting.— (1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to valid existing rights, and in cooperation with the respective State fish and wildlife agency, a Federal public land management official shall exercise the authority of the official under existing law (including provisions regarding land use planning) to facilitate use of and access to Federal public land for recreational fishing, hunting, and recreational shooting except as limited by— (A) any Federal law (including regulations) that authorizes action or withholding action for reasons of national security, public safety, or resource conservation; (B) any other Federal law (including regulations) that precludes recreational fishing, hunting, or recreational shooting on specific Federal public land units of Federal public land, or water; or (C) discretionary limitations on recreational fishing, hunting, and recreational shooting determined to be necessary and reasonable, as supported by the best scientific evidence and advanced through a transparent public process. (2) MANAGEMENT.—Consistent with paragraph (1), the head of each Federal public land management agency shall exercise the land management discretion of the head— (A) in a manner that supports and facilitates recreational fishing, hunting, and recreational shooting opportunities; (B) to the extent authorized under applicable State law; and (C) in accordance with applicable Federal law. (3) PLANNING.— (A) EFFECTS OF PLANS AND ACTIVITIES.— (i) EVALUATION OF EFFECTS ON OPPORTUNITIES TO ENGAGE IN RECREATIONAL FISHING, HUNTING, OR RECREATIONAL SHOOTING.—Federal public land planning documents (including land resources management plans, resource management plans, travel management plans, and energy development plans) shall include a specific evaluation of the effects of the plans on opportunities to engage in recreational fishing, hunting, or recreational shooting. (ii) OTHER ACTIVITY NOT CONSIDERED.— (I) IN GENERAL.—Federal public land management officials shall not be required to consider the existence or availability of recreational fishing, hunting, or recreational shooting opportunities on private or public land that is located adjacent to, or in the vicinity of, Federal public land for purposes of— (aa) planning for or determining which units of Federal public land are open for recreational fishing, hunting, or recreational shooting; or (bb) setting the levels of use for recreational fishing, hunting, or recreational shooting on Federal public land. (II) ENHANCED OPPORTUNITIES.—Federal public land management officials may consider the opportunities described in subclause (I) if the combination of those opportunities would enhance the recreational fishing, hunting, or shooting opportunities available to the public. (B) USE OF VOLUNTEERS.—If hunting is prohibited by law, all Federal public land planning documents described in subparagraph (A)(i) of an agency shall, after appropriate coordination with State fish and wildlife agencies, allow the participation of skilled volunteers in the culling and other management of wildlife populations on Federal public land unless the head of the agency demonstrates, based on the best scientific data available or applicable Federal law, why skilled volunteers should not be used to control overpopulation of wildlife on the land that is the subject of the planning document. (4) BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT AND FOREST SERVICE LAND.— (A) LAND OPEN.— (i) IN GENERAL.—Land under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Land Management or the Forest Service (including a component of the National Wilderness Preservation System, land designated as a wilderness study area or administratively classified as wilderness eligible or suitable, and primitive or semiprimitive areas, but excluding land on the outer Continental Shelf) shall be open to recreational fishing, hunting, and recreational shooting unless the managing Federal public land agency acts to close the land to the activity. (ii) MOTORIZED ACCESS.—Nothing in this subparagraph authorizes or requires motorized access or the use of motorized vehicles for recreational fishing, hunting, or recreational shooting purposes within land designated as a wilderness study area or administratively classified as wilderness eligible or suitable. (B) CLOSURE OR RESTRICTION.—Land described in subparagraph (A)(i) may be subject to closures or restrictions if determined by the head of the agency to be necessary and reasonable and supported by facts and evidence for purposes including resource conservation, public safety, energy or mineral production, energy generation or transmission infrastructure, water supply facilities, protection of other permittees, protection of private property rights or interests, national security, or compliance with other law, as determined appropriate by the Director of the Bureau of Land Management or the Chief of the Forest Service, as applicable. (C) SHOOTING RANGES.— (i) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in clause (iii), the head of each Federal public land agency may use the authorities of the head, in a manner consistent with this section and other applicable law— (I) to lease or permit use of land under the jurisdiction of the head for shooting ranges; and (II) to designate specific land under the jurisdiction of the head for recreational shooting activities. (ii) LIMITATION ON LIABILITY.—Any designation under clause (i)(II) shall not subject the United States to any civil action or claim for monetary damages for injury or loss of property or personal injury or death caused by any recreational shooting activity occurring at or on the designated land. (iii) EXCEPTION.—The head of each Federal public land agency shall not lease or permit use of Federal public land for shooting ranges or designate land for recreational shooting activities within a component of the National Wilderness Preservation System, land designated as a wilderness study area or administratively classified as wilderness eligible or suitable, and primitive or semiprimitive areas. (5) REPORT.—Not later than October 1 of every other year, beginning with the second October 1 after the date of enactment of this Act, the head of each Federal public land agency who has authority to manage Federal public land on which recreational fishing, hunting, or recreational shooting occurs shall submit to the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a report that describes— (A) any Federal public land administered by the agency head that was closed to recreational fishing, hunting, or recreational shooting at any time during the preceding year; and (B) the reason for the closure. (6) CLOSURES OR SIGNIFICANT RESTRICTIONS OF 1,280 OR MORE ACRES.— (A) IN GENERAL.—Other than closures established or prescribed by land planning actions referred to in paragraph (4)(B) or emergency closures described in subparagraph (C), a permanent or temporary withdrawal, change of classification, or change of management status of Federal public land or water that effectively closes or significantly restricts 1,280 or more contiguous acres of Federal public land or water to access or use for recreational fishing or hunting or activities relating to fishing or hunting shall take effect only if, before the date of withdrawal or change, the head of the Federal public land agency that has jurisdiction over the Federal public land or water— (i) publishes appropriate notice of the withdrawal or change, respectively; (ii) demonstrates that coordination has occurred with a State fish and wildlife agency; and (iii) submits to the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate written notice of the withdrawal or change, respectively. (B) AGGREGATE OR CUMULATIVE EFFECTS.—If the aggregate or cumulative effect of separate withdrawals or changes effectively closes or significantly restricts or affects 1,280 or more acres of land or water, the withdrawals and changes shall be treated as a single withdrawal or change for purposes of subparagraph (A). (C) EMERGENCY CLOSURES.— (i) IN GENERAL.—Nothing in this section prohibits a Federal public land management agency from establishing or implementing emergency closures or restrictions of the smallest practicable area of Federal public land to provide for public safety, resource conservation, national security, or other purposes authorized by law. (ii) TERMINATION.—An emergency closure under clause (i) shall terminate after a reasonable period of time unless the temporary closure is converted to a permanent closure consistent with this section. (7) NO PRIORITY.—Nothing in this section requires a Federal agency to give preference to recreational fishing, hunting, or recreational shooting over other uses of Federal public land or over land or water management priorities established by other Federal law. (8) CONSULTATION WITH COUNCILS.—In carrying out this section, the heads of Federal public land agencies shall consult with the appropriate advisory councils established under Executive Order 12962 (16 U.S.C. 1801 note; relating to recreational fisheries) and Executive Order 13443 (16 U.S.C. 661 note; relating to facilitation of hunting heritage and wildlife conservation). (9) AUTHORITY OF STATES.— (A) IN GENERAL.—Nothing in this section interferes with, diminishes, or conflicts with the authority, jurisdiction, or responsibility of any State to manage, control, or regulate fish and wildlife under State law (including regulations) on land or water within the State, including on Federal public land. (B) FEDERAL LICENSES.— (i) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in clause (ii), nothing in this subsection authorizes the head of a Federal public land agency head to require a license, fee, or permit to fish, hunt, or trap on land or water in a State, including on Federal public land in the State. (ii) MIGRATORY BIRD STAMPS.—Nothing in this subparagraph affects any migratory bird stamp requirement of the Act of March 16, 1934 (16 U.S.C. 718a et seq.)(popularly known as the “Duck Stamp Act”). Sec. 510. Annual permit and fee for film crews of 5 persons or fewer. (a) Purpose.—The purpose of this section is to provide commercial film crews of 5 persons or fewer access to film in areas designated for public use during public hours on Federal land and waterways. (b) Special Rules.—Section 1(a) of Public Law 106–206 (16 U.S.C. 460l–6d(a)) is amended— (1) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) as subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C), respectively, and indenting appropriately; (2) in the first sentence, by striking “The Secretary of the Interior” and inserting the following: “(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in paragraph (4), the Secretary of the Interior”; (3) in the second sentence, by striking “Such fee” and inserting the following: “(2) CRITERIA.—The fee established under paragraph (1)”; (4) in the third sentence, by striking “The Secretary may” and inserting the following: “(3) OTHER CONSIDERATIONS.—The Secretary may”; and (5) by adding at the end the following: “(4) SPECIAL RULES FOR FILM CREWS OF 5 PERSONS OR FEWER.— “(A) DEFINITION OF FILM CREW.—In this paragraph, the term ‘film crew’ means any persons present on Federal land or waterways under the jurisdiction of the Secretary who are associated with the production of a film. “(B) REQUIRED PERMIT AND FEE.—For any film crew of 5 persons or fewer, the Secretary shall require a permit and assess an appropriate annual fee for commercial filming activities or similar projects on Federal land and waterways administered by the Secretary. “(C) COMMERCIAL FILMING ACTIVITIES.—A permit issued under subparagraph (B) shall be valid for commercial filming activities or similar projects that occur in areas designated for public use during public hours on all Federal land and waterways administered by the Secretary for a 1-year period beginning on the date of issuance of the permit. “(D) NO ADDITIONAL FEES.—For persons holding a permit issued under this paragraph, during the effective period of the permit, the Secretary shall not assess any fees in addition to the fee assessed under subparagraph (B). “(E) USE OF CAMERAS.—The Secretary shall not prohibit, as a mechanized apparatus or under any other purposes, use of cameras or related equipment used for the purpose of commercial filming activities or similar projects in accordance with this paragraph on Federal land and waterways administered by the Secretary. “(F) NOTIFICATION REQUIRED.—A film crew of 5 persons or fewer subject to a permit issued under this paragraph shall notify the applicable land management agency with jurisdiction over the Federal land at least 48 hours before entering the Federal land. “(G) DENIAL OF ACCESS.—The head of the applicable land management agency may deny access to a film crew under this paragraph if— “(i) there is a likelihood of resource damage that cannot be mitigated; “(ii) there would be an unreasonable disruption of the use and enjoyment of the site by the public; “(iii) the activity poses health or safety risks to the public; or “(iv) the filming includes the use of models or props that are not part of the natural or cultural resources or administrative facilities of the Federal land.”. (c) Recovery of Costs.—Section 1(b) of Public Law 106–206 (16 U.S.C. 460l–6d(b)) is amended in the first sentence— (1) by striking “collect any costs” and inserting “recover any costs”; and (2) by striking “similar project” and inserting “similar projects”. Sec. 511. Production of fruits and vegetables for processing on covered commodity base acres. (a) In general.—Section 1101 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 7911) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: “(i) Production of fruits or vegetables for processing.— “(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), producers on a farm, with the consent of the owner and other producers on the farm, may reduce the base acres for any covered commodity for the farm if the reduced acres are used for the planting and production of fruits or vegetables for processing. “(2) REVERSION TO COVERED COMMODITY BASE ACRES.—Any reduced acres of a farm devoted to the planting and production of fruits or vegetables during a crop year under paragraph (1) shall be included in base acres for the covered commodity for the subsequent crop year, unless the producers on the farm make the election described in paragraph (1) for the subsequent crop year. “(3) RECALCULATION OF BASE ACRES.— “(A) IN GENERAL.—Subject to subparagraph (B), if the Secretary recalculates base acres for a farm, the planting and production of fruits or vegetables for processing under paragraph (1) shall be considered to be the same as the planting, prevented planting, or production of the covered commodity. “(B) AUTHORITY.—Nothing in this subsection provides authority for the Secretary to recalculate base acres for a farm.”. (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall take effect sixty days after its enactment. Sec. 512. Commercial whaling. (a) In general.—Section 102(f) of the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1372(f)) is amended as follows: “(f) Commercial taking of whales.—It is unlawful for any person or vessel or other conveyance to take any endangered species of whale incident to commercial whaling in waters subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.”. (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall take effect sixty days after its enactment. Sec. 513. Misleading domain names on the Internet. (a) In General.—Chapter 110 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 2252A the following: “Sec. 2252B. Misleading domain names on the Internet.—Whoever knowingly uses a misleading domain name with the intent to attract a minor into viewing a visual depiction of sexually explicit conduct on the Internet shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 2 years, or both. For the purposes of this section, a domain name that includes the word `sex’ is not misleading.”. (b) Clerical Amendment.—The table of sections at the beginning of chapter 110 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the time relating to section 2252A the following new item: “2252B. False or misleading domain names on the Internet.”. Sec. 514. En bloc consideration of resolutions of disapproval pertaining to “midnight rules”. (a) In general.—Section 801(d) of title 5, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: “(4) In applying section 802 to rules described under paragraph (1), a joint resolution of disapproval may contain one or more such rules if the report under subsection (a)(1)(A) for each such rule was submitted during the final year of a President’s term.”. (b) Text of resolving clause.—Section 802(a) of title 5, United States Code, is amended— (1) by inserting after “resolving clause of which is” the following: “(except as otherwise provided in this subsection)”; and (2) by adding at the end the following: “In the case of a joint resolution under section 801(d)(4), the matter after the resolving clause of such resolution shall be as follows: ‘That Congress disapproves the following rules: the rule submitted by the __ relating to __; and the rule submitted by the __ relating to __. Such rules shall have no force or effect.’ (The blank spaces being appropriately filled in and additional clauses describing additional rules to be included as necessary)”. Sec. 515. Sturgeon held in captivity or controlled environments. (a) In general.—Section 9(b) of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1538(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(3) Sturgeon.— “(A) IN GENERAL.—Subsection (a)(1) and section 7(a)(2) shall not apply to— “(i) a sturgeon farmed that is legally held in captivity or in a controlled environment as of the date of enactment of this paragraph, until such time as the sturgeon is intentionally returned to a wild state; or “(ii) progeny of a sturgeon described in clause (i), until such time as the progeny is intentionally returned to a wild state. “(B) DEMONSTRATION; REQUIREMENTS.— “(i) IN GENERAL.—Any person holding any sturgeon or progeny described in subparagraph (A) shall— “(I) be able to demonstrate that the sturgeon or progeny qualifies as a sturgeon or progeny, as applicable, described in that subparagraph; and “(II) maintain and submit to the Secretary, on request of the Secretary, such inventories, documentation, and records as the Secretary may, by regulation, require as being reasonably appropriate to carry out the purposes of this paragraph. “(ii) REQUIREMENTS.—Requirements described in clause (i)(II) shall not unnecessarily duplicate the requirements of other rules and regulations promulgated by the Secretary under this Act.”. (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall take effect sixty days after its enactment. Sec. 516. Firearm licensing revocations and denials. (a) Self-Reported violations; opportunity To correct violations.—Section 923(e) of title 18, United States Code, is amended— (1) by inserting “(1)” after “(e)”; and (2) by adding at the end the following: “(2) (A) The Attorney General may not bring an enforcement action to revoke, or deny a renewal of, a license for a violation of any provision of this chapter or any implementing regulation thereof on the basis of a self-reported violation. “(B) In the case of a self-reported violation, the Attorney General shall— “(i) assist the licensee to correct the self-reported violation; and “(ii) provide the licensee with instructions and compliance training designed to assist the licensee in avoiding repetition of the self-reported violation in the future. “(3) (A) Before initiating an enforcement action under this subsection, the Attorney General shall provide the licensee with actual notice of the violation giving rise to the enforcement action, which shall include, at a minimum— “(i) a detailed explanation of the substance of the violation; “(ii) all evidence or documentation in the possession of the Attorney General regarding the enforcement action; and “(iii) a statement that the Attorney General will not initiate the enforcement action if the licensee corrects the violation by the date that is 30 business days after the date on which the licensee receives the notice. “(B) The Attorney General may bring an enforcement action under this subsection against a licensee described in subparagraph (A) if— “(i) 30 business days have elapsed since the date on which the licensee received the notice of the violation required under that subparagraph; and “(ii) the licensee has not corrected the violation. “(4) The Attorney General may not bring an enforcement action on the basis of any violation of any provision of this chapter or any implementing regulation thereof that has been corrected pursuant to paragraph (2) or (3).”. (b) Direct judicial review of license revocations.—Section 923(f) of title 18, United States Code, is amended— (1) in paragraph (2), by striking “If” and inserting “Except as provided in paragraph (3), if”; (2) by redesignating paragraphs (3) and (4) as paragraphs (4) and (5), respectively; and (3) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following: “(3) (A) During the 10-business-day period beginning on the date on which a license holder receives a written notice of revocation of the license under paragraph (1), the license holder, in lieu of requesting a hearing under paragraph (2), may file a petition with the United States district court for the district in which the license holder resides or has his or her principle place of business for a judicial review of the revocation. “(B) If a license holder files a petition with a United States district court under subparagraph (A), the Attorney General shall stay the effective date of the revocation until the court issues a judgment. “(C) In a proceeding conducted under this paragraph, the court may consider any evidence submitted by the parties to the proceeding. “(D) If the court decides that the Attorney General was not authorized to revoke the license, the court shall order the Attorney General to take such action as may be necessary to comply with the judgment of the court.”. (c) Definitions.—Section 921(a) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: “(38) The term ‘self-reported violation’ means a violation by a licensee of any provision of this chapter or any implementing regulation thereof that the licensee reports to the Attorney General before the Attorney General discovers the violation during an inspection of the licensee under this chapter. “(39) The term ‘willfully’ has the meaning given the term in section 5336(h) of title 31, except that— “(A) the term only includes conduct resulting from or achieved through deliberate planning or specific intent; “(B) willfulness shall not be inferred from previous conduct; and “(C) minor, clerical, or curable conduct is presumptively not willful.”. Sec. 517. Employee-employer cooperation organizations. (a) Employer exception.—Section 8 of the National Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 158) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(h) It shall not constitute or be evidence of an unfair labor practice under subsection (a) for an employer to establish, assist, maintain, or participate in an employee involvement organization, as defined in section 517 of the Deficit Reduction Act of 2026: Provided, That this subsection shall not apply in a case in which a labor organization is the representative of the employees of the employer in accordance with section 9(a).”. (b) Exception from labor organization definition.—Section 2(5) of the National Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 152(5)) is amended by inserting “, except that the term shall not include an employee involvement organization as defined in section 517 of the Deficit Reduction Act of 2026” before the period at the end. (c) Definitions.—In this Act: (1) EMPLOYEE.—The term “employee” has the meaning given such term in section 2 of the National Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 152). (2) EMPLOYEE INVOLVEMENT ORGANIZATION.—The term “employee involvement organization” means an organization or entity established by the mutual consent of an employer and any number of employees of the employer— (A) which may be initiated by the employer, the employees, or both; (B) which may be dissolved— (i) except as described in clause (ii), at any time, and without regard to cause, by the employer, the employees, or both; or (ii) in the case of an employee involvement organization for a large employer and employees of the large employer, only in accordance with section 4(b)(2); (C) in which employees and supervisors participate to address matters of mutual interest, including issues of quality of work, productivity, efficiency, compensation, benefits (including related to education and training), recruitment and retention, grievances, child care, safety and health, and accommodation of the religious beliefs and practices of employees; and (D) that does not have, claim, or seek authority to— (i) be the exclusive collective bargaining representative of the employees participating in such organization or entity; (ii) negotiate or enter into a collective bargaining agreement with the employer on behalf of such employees; (iii) amend any collective bargaining agreement between the employer and any labor organization; or (iv) preclude such employees from designating or selecting a labor organization as the representative of such employees, as provided in section 9(a) of the National Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 159(a)). (3) EMPLOYER.—The term “employer” has the meaning given such term in section 2 of the National Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 152). (4) LARGE EMPLOYER.—The term “large employer” means an employer that— (A) had more than $1,000,000,000 in annual gross revenues for the most recently completed fiscal year prior to the date of certification under section 517(e)(2); and (B) employs more than 3,000 employees on such date. (5) WORKFORCE COMMITTEE.—The term “workforce committee” means a committee of the board of directors of an employer that— (A) oversees the policies of the employer on quality of work, productivity, efficiency, compensation, benefits (including related to education and training), recruitment and retention, grievances, child care, safety and health, and accommodation of the religious beliefs and practices of employees; (B) has a substantially equivalent source of authority with respect to authorizing provisions in the article of incorporation or bylaws of the employer as the compensation committee of the board of directors or an equivalent committee of the board of directors; and (C) may be the compensation committee of the board of directors or an equivalent committee of the board of directors, if such committee meets the requirements of this paragraph. (d) Requirements for employee involvement organizations at large employers.—This section shall apply to each employee involvement organization for a large employer and employees of the large employer. (e) Establishment of an employee involvement organization for large employers.— (1) CERTIFICATION.—A large employer shall certify each employee involvement organization for the large employer on the date of formation of such employee involvement organization. (2) PROCEDURES.— (A) IN GENERAL.—An employee involvement organization established under paragraph (1) shall have reasonable procedures regarding— (i) how an employee may join or leave such employee involvement organization; and (ii) dissolution of the employee involvement organization. (B) DISSOLUTION FOR CAUSE.— (i) IN GENERAL.—In the case of an employee involvement organization that has been certified under paragraph (1) for not less than 5 consecutive years, a large employer may only dissolve such employee involvement organization with cause. (ii) CAUSE.—For purposes of clause (i), the term “cause” means a reasonable business purpose for dissolution, as determined by— (I) the independent business judgment of the board of directors of the business of the large employer; or (II) if the business of a large employer does not have a board of directors, the substantial equivalent of the board of directors. (3) COOLING-OFF PERIOD.—Unless otherwise specified in the certification under paragraph (1), an employee involvement organization may not be established at a large employer prior to 2 years after— (A) in the case of a large employer for which a valid election was held under section 9(c)(1) of the National Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 159(c)(1)) in which a majority of the employees voting in such election voted against representation, the date of such election; or (B) in the case of a large employer for which a valid election was held under section 9(e) of such Act and a majority of the employees voting in such election voted in favor of rescission of the authority of a labor organization to make an agreement described in section 8(a)(3) of such Act (29 U.S.C. 158(a)(3)), the date of such election. (f) Employee representative of an employee involvement organization.— (1) IN GENERAL.—Employees participating in an employee involvement organization established under subsection (b)(1) may, subject to the requirements in paragraph (2), elect through reasonable means an employee representative of the employee involvement organization. (2) ELECTION PROCESS.— (A) REQUIREMENTS.—An election of an employee representative of an employee involvement organization for the large employer— (i) shall be through a secret ballot of the employees participating in the employee involvement organization who are employed by the large employer on the date of such election and who are United States citizens or reside primarily in the United States; and (ii) may not be funded through funding sources external to the employee involvement organization, including any labor organization, nonprofit, or business other than the employer. (B) DEFAULT RULES REGARDING ELECTION PROCESS.—Unless otherwise specified in the certification under subsection (b)(1) by the large employer of such employee involvement organization, an election of an employee representative of an employee involvement organization for the large employer— (i) may be funded through employer-provided funding; and (ii) shall occur within the same time period and with the same regularity as the election of the board of directors of the large employer. (3) ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS.— (A) IN GENERAL.—Each individual elected to be a representative of an employee involvement organization for a large employer shall be an employee who— (i) is eligible to vote under paragraph (2)(A)(i); and (ii) except in a case in which the large employer has operated for less than the 5 calendar years immediately preceding the date of the election, has been employed by the large employer for not less than the 5 calendar years immediately preceding the date of the election. (B) INELIGIBILITY; TERM LIMITS.—An employee representative of an employee involvement organization elected under this subsection shall not— (i) be employed by the employer at the time of such election as a supervisor; or (ii) at any time during the 5 calendar years immediately preceding the date of such election, be employed by the employer in a position related to human resources. (4) REPRESENTATION BY EMPLOYEE REPRESENTATIVE ON BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF LARGE EMPLOYER.— (A) BOARD REPRESENTATION.—Subject to the limitation under subparagraph (B) and, as relevant, the procedure under subparagraph (C), an employee representative of an employee involvement organization elected under this subsection shall— (i) be a nonvoting member of either or both of— (I) the board of directors of the employer; or (II) a workforce committee of the board of directors of the employer; (ii) be permitted to attend any regular meeting of such board or committee, as applicable; and (iii) receive equal access to information relevant to the purposes of the employee involvement organization as any other member of the board or committee, as applicable. (B) LIMITATIONS.—Unless otherwise specified in the certification under subsection (b)(1) by the large employer of such employee involvement organization, an employer may exclude an employee representative from attending any meeting of any committee of the board of directors of the business of such employer (or the substantial equivalent of any such committee) called for purposes unrelated to the purposes of such employee involvement organization. (C) SPECIAL PROCEDURE FOR AN EMPLOYER WITH MORE THAN 1 EMPLOYEE INVOLVEMENT ORGANIZATION.—In a case in which 2 or more employee representatives in total are elected for a large employer under paragraph (1), the employer and each employee involvement organization that elects such an employee representative shall, by reasonable procedures which provide for the input of each such employee involvement organization, ensure that only 1 employee representative for the employer at any time exercises the powers described in subparagraph (A). (g) Safe harbor for violation of rules due to the fault of an employee.—Section 8 of the National Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 158), as amended by section 2, is further amended by adding at the end the following: “(i) It shall not constitute or be evidence of an unfair labor practice under subsection (a) for an employer to establish, assist, maintain, or participate in an organization which purports to be an employee involvement organization, as defined in section 517 of the Deficit Reduction Act of 2026, but which fails to comply with the requirements of such Act due to the fault of an employee: Provided, That this subsection shall not apply in a case in which a labor organization is the representative of the employees of the employer in accordance with section 9(a).”. (h) Effect on existing law.—This Act shall not prevent or affect the rights provided to labor organizations under section 9 of the National Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 159). (i) Employee rights.—This Act shall not affect the rights and responsibilities of employees under the National Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 151 et seq.), except with respect to the amendments made to section 2(5) and section 8 of the National Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 152(5); 29 U.S.C. 158) by sections 2 and 5 of this Act. (j) Enforcement by the National Labor Relations Board.—Section 6 of the National Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 156) is amended— (1) by striking “The Board” and inserting “(a) The Board”; and (2) by adding at the end the following: “(b) The Board shall not have any authority for enforcement, or adjudication, under this Act or the Teamwork for Employees and Managers Act of 2024 with respect to an employee involvement organization, as defined in section 3 of such Act.”. Sec. 518. HUD reform. (a) Definitions.—Section 104 of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 12704) is amended— (1) in paragraph (6)(B), by striking “significant”; and (2) by adding at end the following new paragraph: “(26) The term ‘infill housing project’ means a residential housing project that— “(A) is located within the geographic limits of a municipality; “(B) is adequately served by existing utilities and public services as required under applicable law; “(C) is located on a site of previously disturbed land of not more than 5 acres; and “(D) is substantially surrounded by residential or commercial development, as determined by the Secretary.”. (b) Assistance for low-Income families.—Title II of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 12721 et seq.) is amended— (1) in section 214(2), by striking “households that qualify as low-income families” and inserting “families with a household income that does not exceed 100 percent of the median family income of the area, as determined by the Secretary with adjustments for smaller and larger families”; (2) in section 215— (A) in subsection (b)(2), by striking “whose family qualifies as a low-income family” and inserting “with a family income that does not exceed 100 percent of the median family income of the area as determined by the Secretary with adjustments for smaller and larger families”; and (B) in subsection (b)(3)(A)(ii), by striking “low-income homebuyers” and inserting “homebuyers with a household income that does not exceed 100 percent of the median family income of the area, as determined by the Secretary with adjustments for smaller and larger families”; and (3) in section 271(c)— (A) in paragraph (1)(B), by striking “low-income” and inserting “families with a household income that does not exceed 100 percent of the median family income of the area as determined by the Secretary with adjustments for smaller and larger families”; and (B) in paragraph (2)(A), by striking “low-income families” and inserting “families with a household income that does not exceed 100 percent of the median family income of the area as determined by the Secretary with adjustments for smaller and larger families”. (c) Choices made by participating jurisdictions.—Section 212(a)(2) of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 12742) is amended to read as follows: “(2) LIMITATION ON RESTRICTIONS.—The Secretary shall not restrict a participating jurisdiction’s choice of rehabilitation, substantial rehabilitation, new construction, reconstruction, acquisition, or other eligible housing use unless such restriction is explicitly authorized under section 223(2).”. (d) Use of investments for housing uses.— (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 212(a) of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 12742(a)) is amended by inserting after paragraph (3) the following new paragraph: “(4) INFRASTRUCTURE IMPROVEMENTS IN NONENTITLEMENT AREAS.— “(A) IN GENERAL.—In accordance with regulations to be issued by the Secretary, funds provided under this subtitle may be used for infrastructure improvements, including the installation or repair of water and sewer lines, sidewalks, roads, and utility connections, in any jurisdiction that does not receive assistance under title I of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974, if such improvements are directly related to, and located within or immediately adjacent to— “(i) housing assisted under this subtitle; or “(ii) housing assisted by section 42 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. “(B) APPLICATION OF LABOR STANDARDS.—The labor standards and requirements set forth in section 110 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5310) shall apply to any infrastructure improvements assisted with funds provided under this subtitle.”. (2) ISSUANCE OF RULES.—Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall issue such rules as the Secretary determines necessary to carry out the amendment made by paragraph (1). (3) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in the amendment made by paragraph (1) shall be construed to impose any requirements of the HOME Investment Partnerships program on housing that benefits from the infrastructure improvements described in such amendment but otherwise does not receive any assistance from such program. (e) Per unit investment limitations.—Section 212(e)(1) of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 12742(e)(1)) is amended by striking the second sentence. (f) Affordable rental housing qualifications.—Section 215(a) of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 12745(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph: “(7) EXCEPTION FOR HOUSING CHOICE VOUCHERS.—Notwithstanding paragraph (1)(A), a rental unit shall be considered to qualify as affordable housing under this title if— “(A) the unit is occupied by a tenant receiving tenant-based rental assistance under section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f); “(B) the tenant’s contribution toward rent does not exceed the amount permitted under such section 8 assistance; and “(C) the total rent for the unit does not exceed the amount approved by the public housing agency administering the assistance under that program.”. (g) Affordable homeownership housing qualifications.—Section 215 of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 12745(b)) is amended— (1) in subsection (b), (A) in paragraph (1), by striking “95 percent” and inserting “110 percent”; (B) in paragraph (3)— (i) in subparagraph (A)(ii), by striking “or” at the end; (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking “and” at the end and inserting “or”; and (iii) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph: “(C) maintain long-term affordability through a shared equity ownership model, a community land trust, a limited equity cooperative, a community development corporation, or other mechanism approved by the Secretary, that preserves affordability for future eligible homebuyers and ensures compliance with the purposes of this title, including through the use of purchase options, rights of first refusal or other preemptive rights to purchase housing; and”; and (2) by adding at the end the following: “(c) Permissible exceptions related to homeownership qualifications.— “(1) MILITARY MEMBERS.—A participating jurisdiction, in accordance with terms established by the Secretary, may suspend or waive the income qualifications described in subsection (b)(2) with respect to housing that otherwise meets the criteria under subsection (b) if the owner of the housing— “(A) is a member of a regular component of the armed forces or a member of the National Guard on full-time National Guard duty, active Guard and Reserve duty, or inactive-duty training (as those terms are defined in section 101(d) of title 10, United States Code); and “(B) has received— “(i) temporary duty orders to deploy with a military unit or military orders to deploy as an individual acting in support of a military operation, to a location that is not within a reasonable distance from the housing, as determined by the Secretary, for a period of not less than 90 days; or “(ii) orders for a permanent change of station. “(2) SUSPENSION OR WAIVER OF REQUIREMENTS FOR HEIR OR BENEFICIARY OF DECEASED OWNER.—Notwithstanding subsection (b)(3), housing that meets the criteria under that subsection prior to the death of an owner may continue to qualify as affordable housing if— “(A) the housing is the principal residence of an heir or beneficiary of the deceased owner, as defined by the Secretary; and “(B) the heir or beneficiary, in accordance with terms established by the Secretary, assumes the duties and obligations of the deceased owner with respect to funds provided under this title.”. (h) Removal of expiration of right to draw home investment trust funds.—Section 218 of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 12748) is amended— (1) by striking subsection (g); and (2) by redesignating subsection (h) as subsection (g). (i) Adjusted recapture and reuse of set-aside for community housing developmental organizations.—Section 231(b) of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 12771(b)) is amended to read as follows: “(b) Recapture and reuse.—If any funds reserved under subsection (a) remain uninvested for a period of 24 months, the Secretary shall make such funds available to the participating jurisdiction for any eligible activities under title II of this Act without regard to whether a community housing development organization materially participates in the use of funds.”. (j) Asset recycling information dissemination expansion.—Section 245(b)(2) of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 12785(b)(2)) is amended by striking “95 percent” and inserting “110 percent”. (k) Categorical exemptions; removing duplicative reviews.—Section 288 of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 12838) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsections: “(e) Categorical exemptions.—The following categories of activities carried out under this title shall be statutorily exempt from environmental review under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.), and shall not require further review under such Act— “(1) new construction infill housing projects; “(2) acquisition of real property for affordable housing purposes; “(3) rehabilitation projects carried out pursuant to section 212(a)(1); and “(4) new construction projects of 15 units or less. “(f) Removing duplicative reviews.— “(1) IN GENERAL.—To the extent practicable and permitted by law, the Secretary shall ensure that a project that has undergone an environmental review under this section shall not be subject to a duplicative environmental review solely due to the addition, substitution, or reallocation of other sources of Federal assistance, if the scope, scale, and location of the project remain substantially unchanged. “(2) COORDINATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW RESPONSIBILITIES.—The Secretary shall, by regulation, provide for coordination of environmental review responsibilities with other Federal agencies to streamline inter-agency compliance and avoid unnecessary duplication of effort under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) and other applicable laws. “(3) RECOGNITION OF PRIOR REVIEWS BY RESPONSIBLE ENTITIES.—A project may not be subject to an environmental review under this section if a substantially similar review has already been completed by an entity designated under section 104(g)(1) of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5304(g)(1)) or by another entity the Secretary determines to have equivalent authority, if the scope, scale, and location of the project remain substantially unchanged.”. (l) Issuance of rules.—Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall issue such rules as the Secretary determines necessary to carry out the amendment made by this subsection. (m) Application of other specified statutory requirements.—Title II of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 12721 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following new sections: “Sec. 291. Application of build America, buy America requirements. “With respect to activities assisted under this title, requirements under the Build America, Buy America Act (41 U.S.C. 8301 note) and any implementing regulations or guidance, shall only apply to infrastructure improvements conducted under section 212(a)(4) using funds provided under subtitle A. “Sec. 292. Nonapplicability of certain requirements for small projects. “Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the requirements of section 3 of the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968 (12 U.S.C. 1701u), and any implementing regulations or guidance, shall not apply to any activity assisted under title that involves rehabilitation, construction, or other development of housing if the total number of dwelling units assisted under the activity is 50 or fewer and if such assistance is provided to— “(1) a State recipient pursuant to section 216; or “(2) a participating jurisdiction that received a total allocation of less than $3,000,000 in the most recent fiscal year pursuant to section 216.”. (n) Technical amendments.—The Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 12701 et seq.) is amended— (1) by striking “Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act” each place it appears and inserting “McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act”; and (2) by striking “Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs” each place it appears and inserting “Committee on Financial Services”. (o) Discount on mortgage insurance premium payments for first-time homebuyers who complete financial literacy housing counseling programs. The second sentence of subparagraph (A) of section 203(c)(2) of the National Housing Act (12 U.S.C. 1709(c)(2)(A)) is amended— (1) by inserting before the comma the following: “and such program is completed before the mortgagor has signed an application for a mortgage to be insured under this title or a sales agreement”; and (2) by striking “not exceed 2.75 percent of the amount of the original insured principal obligation of the mortgage” and inserting “be 25 basis points lower than the premium payment amount established by the Secretary under the first sentence of this subparagraph”. Sec. 519. Portable fuel container exclusion. Section 183(e)(1)(B) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7511b(e)(1)(B)) is amended— (1) in the first sentence, by striking “The term” and inserting the following: “(i) IN GENERAL.—The term”; and (2) by striking the second sentence and inserting the following: “(ii) EXCLUSIONS.—The term ‘consumer or commercial product’ does not include the following: “(I) A portable fuel container. “(II) A fuel or fuel additive regulated under section 211. “(III) A motor vehicle, non-road vehicle, or non-road engine as defined under section 216.”. TITLE VI—Immigration for the Economy Act of 2026 Sec. 601. Family-sponsored cap. (a) In general.—Title 8 subsection 1151(c)(1)(A)(i) is amended as follows: “(i) 100,000, minus” (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall take effect sixty days after its enactment. Sec. 602. Cap exception for seniors. (a) In general.—Title 8 subsection 1151(c)(1)(B) is amended as follows: “(B) In cases where any family-sponsored immigrant exceeding age 50 will be financially supported by a person with work authorization in the United States and will never work or obtain a work authorization or obtain citizenship of the United States, the level set by subparagraph (A) may be ignored.” (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall take effect sixty days after its enactment. Sec. 603. Employment-based cap. (a) In general.—Title 8 subsection 1151(d)(1)(A) is amended as follows: “(A) 120,000, plus” (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall take effect sixty days after its enactment. Sec. 604. Discontinuation of diversity immigration. (a) In general.—Title 8 subsection 1151(e) is repealed. (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall take effect sixty days after its enactment. Sec. 605. Repeal of certain work visas. (a) In general.—Title 8 section 1160 is repealed. (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall take effect sixty days after its enactment. Sec. 606. Special immigration authorized. (a) A new section 1160 of Title 8 U.S.C. is created as follows: “1160. Special immigrants from Specific States” “(a) Up to 100,000 persons may be admitted from member states of the African Union who suffer from racial discrimination or violence, provided that such persons are neither Arabic (or otherwise racially North African) nor Sub-Saharan African. “(b) Up to 200,000 persons may be admitted from member states of the European Union, Belarus, Moldova, Ukraine, Iceland, or Russia whose beliefs are restricted by laws restricting religious or political “extremism” or other deeply held beliefs, or whose children are being taught to perform sexual activities which they regard to be immoral. “(c) Up to 50,000 persons may be admitted from Brazil, Peru, and Costa Rica may be admitted on the basis of obtaining proper homeschooling. “(d) Up to 70,000 persons may be admitted when seeking refuge from foreign laws restricting apostasy from Islam or compelling a person to obtain abortion or contraception. “(e) Immigrants authorized under this Section may be refused by the President, Attorney-General, or Secretary of Homeland Security. This Section shall expire on January 1, 2029.” (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall take effect sixty days after its enactment. Sec. 607. Repeal of certain preferences. (a) In general.—Title 8 subsection 1151(a)(3) is repealed. (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall take effect sixty days after its enactment. Sec. 608. Desired Industries Growth Immigration. (a) In general.—A new section 1161 of Title 8 is created as follows: “Desired Industries Growth Immigration” “(a) The following are hereby designated as desired industries for the purpose of this Title: (1) Renewable energy, (2) Space travel and astronomy, (3) Nuclear power, (4) Healthcare, (5) Military, (6) Law enforcement, (7) Arms production, (8) Artificial intelligence, and (9) Biotechnology. “(b) Persons admitted under this Section are called “Desired Industries Growth Immigrants”. The visas they receive are called “DIG Visas”. “(c) The worldwide level of Desired Industries Growth Immigrants for employment purposes under this section for a fiscal year is equal to 230,000, which shall not be included within or affect any other worldwide level of immigration or computation thereof. “(d) The worldwide level of Desired Industries Growth Immigrants for entrepreneurship purposes under this section for a fiscal year is equal to 30,000, which shall not be included within or affect any other worldwide level of immigration or computation thereof. “(e) In order to obtain a DIG Visa for employment purposes, a foreign national must obtain a job in that industry which pays a minimum of $150,000 per year. “(f) In order to obtain a DIG Visa for entrepreneurship purposes, a foreign national must obtain venture capital funding exceeding $500,000 from a U.S. venture capital firm or U.S. citizen. “(g) Any employer of a person receiving a DIG Visa for employment purposes shall be required to submit $5000 per year for the continued maintenance of each such visa and pay all expenses relating to the removal of said employees from the country when the maintenance of each such visa is discontinued. No person residing within the United States while holding a DIG Visa shall be permitted to obtain United States citizenship until such a person has reached the expiration date of said visa, and shall be prohibited from obtaining citizenship for an additional ten years if such a person becomes an unauthorized resident of the United States.” (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall take effect sixty days after its enactment. Sec. 609. State-based program for immigration from high-unemployment countries. (a) In general.—A new section 1163 of Title 8 is created as follows: “State-based program for immigration from high-unemployment countries.” “(a) States shall be able to request up to 50,000 immigrants per year from countries listed under subsection (b) in order to alleviate— (1) Acute shortages of labor, or (2) Serious population decline prospects. “(b) The following are qualified high-unemployment countries for immigration purposes— “(1) Greece, “(2) Spain, “(3) Italy, “(4) Ukraine, “(5) France, “(6) Croatia, “(7) Serbia, “(8) Georgia, “(9) North Macedonia, “(10) Luxembourg, “(11) Sweden, “(12) Montenegro, “(13) Albania, “(14) Finland, “(15) Lithuania, “(16) Bosnia and Herzegovina, “(17) Latvia, “(18) Romania, “(20) Belgium, “(19) Austria, “(21) Denmark, “(22) Armenia, “(23) Hungary, “(24) United Kingdom, “(25) Ireland, “(26) Estonia, and “(27) Cyprus. “(c) Immigrants admitted under this program must have 10th decile fluency in English. “(d) No Federal funds will be spent on any foreign national who is not a United States citizen admitted via this program, and States and immigrants involved in the program shall pay fees in order to pay any Federal expenses incurred in operating the program. “(e) Any state requesting immigration via this program must independently take action to alleviate demographic issues and labor shortages via means that do not involve immigration from abroad, and must encourage childbearing. Requests shall not be granted for States which fund defunded entities as defined by the Make America Healthy Again Act or which allow legal abortion on demand (or in any cases not endangering the life of the mother) beyond four weeks’ gestation or in cases in which fetal vital signs (including a heartbeat) are present.” (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall take effect sixty days after its enactment. Sec. 610. Reforming American Immigration for a Strong Economy Act (a) Short title.—This section may be cited as the “RAISE Act”. (b) Elimination of Diversity Visa Program..—Section 203 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1153) is amended by striking subsection (c). (c) Technical and conforming amendments.— (1) IMMIGRATION AND NATIONALITY ACT.—The Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.) is amended— (A) in section 101(a)(15)(V) (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)(V)), by striking “section 203(d)” and inserting “section 203(c)”; (B) in section 201 (8 U.S.C. 1151)— (i) in subsection (a)— (I) in paragraph (1), by adding “and” at the end; (II) in paragraph (2), by striking “; and” and inserting a period; and (III) by striking paragraph (3); (ii) by striking subsection (e); and (iii) by redesignating subsection (f) as subsection (e); (C) in section 203 (8 U.S.C. 1153)— (i) in subsection (b)(2)(B)(ii)(IV), by striking “section 203(b)(2)(B)” each place such term appears and inserting “clause (i)”; (ii) by redesignating subsections (d), (e), (f), (g), and (h) as subsections (c), (d), (e), (f), and (g), respectively; (iii) in subsection (c), as so redesignated, by striking “subsection (a), (b), or (c)” and inserting “subsection (a) or (b)”; (iv) in subsection (d), as so redesignated— (I) by striking paragraph (2); and (II) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (2); (v) in subsection (e), as so redesignated, by striking “subsection (a), (b), or (c) of this section” and inserting “subsection (a) or (b)”; (vi) in subsection (f), as so redesignated, by striking “subsections (a), (b), and (c)” and inserting “subsections (a) and (b)”; and (vii) in subsection (g), as so redesignated— (I) by striking “(d)” each place such term appears and inserting “(c)”; and (II) in paragraph (2)(B), by striking “subsection (a), (b), or (c)” and inserting “subsection (a) or (b)”; (D) in section 204 (8 U.S.C. 1154)— (i) in subsection (a)(1)— (I) by striking subparagraph (I); and (II) by redesignating subparagraphs (J) through (L) as subparagraphs (I) through (K), respectively; (ii) in subsection (e), by striking “subsection (a), (b), or (c) of section 203” and inserting “subsection (a) or (b) of section 203”; and (iii) in subsection (l)(2)— (I) in subparagraph (B), by striking “section 203 (a) or (d)” and inserting “subsection (a) or (c) of section 203”; and (II) in subparagraph (C), by striking “section 203(d)” and inserting “section 203(c)”; (E) in section 214(q)(1)(B)(i) (8 U.S.C. 1184(q)(1)(B)(i)), by striking “section 203(d)” and inserting “section 203(c)”; (F) in section 216(h)(1) (8 U.S.C. 1186a(h)(1)), in the undesignated matter following subparagraph (C), by striking “section 203(d)” and inserting “section 203(c)”; and (G) in section 245(i)(1)(B) (8 U.S.C. 1255(i)(1)(B)), by striking “section 203(d)” and inserting “section 203(c)”. (2) IMMIGRANT INVESTOR PILOT PROGRAM.—Section 610(d) of the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1993 (8 U.S.C. 1153 note; Public Law 102–395) is amended by striking “section 203(e) of such Act (8 U.S.C. 1153(e))” and inserting “section 203(d) of such Act (8 U.S.C. 1153(d))”. (3) HAITIAN REFUGEE IMMIGRATION FAIRNESS ACT OF 1998.—Section 902(d)(1)(B)(iii) of the Haitian Refugee Immigration Fairness Act of 1998 (8 U.S.C. 1225 note; Public Law 105–277) by striking “section 204(a)(1)(J)” and inserting “section 204(a)(1)(I)”. (4) DEFINITION OF V NONIMMIGRANT.—Section 101(a)(15)(V) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)(V)) is amended by striking “section 203(a)(2)(A)” each place such term appears and inserting “section 203(a)”. (5) NUMERICAL LIMITATION TO ANY SINGLE FOREIGN STATE.—Section 202 of such Act (8 U.S.C. 1152) is amended— (A) in subsection (a)(4)— (i) by striking subparagraphs (A) and (B) and inserting the following: “(A) 75 PERCENT OF FAMILY-SPONSORED IMMIGRANTS NOT SUBJECT TO PER COUNTRY LIMITATION.—Of the visa numbers made available under section 203(a) in any fiscal year, 75 percent shall be issued without regard to the numerical limitation under paragraph (2). “(B) TREATMENT OF REMAINING 25 PERCENT FOR COUNTRIES SUBJECT TO SUBSECTION (e).— “(i) IN GENERAL.—Of the visa numbers made available under section 203(a) in any fiscal year, 25 percent shall be available, in the case of a foreign state or dependent area that is subject to subsection (e) only to the extent that the total number of visas issued in accordance with subparagraph (A) to natives of the foreign state or dependent area is less than the subsection (e) ceiling. “(ii) SUBSECTION (e) CEILING DEFINED.—In clause (i), the term ‘subsection (e) ceiling’ means, for a foreign state or dependent area, 77 percent of the maximum number of visas that may be made available under section 203(a) to immigrants who are natives of the state or area, consistent with subsection (e).”; and (ii) by striking subparagraphs (C) and (D); and (B) in subsection (e)— (i) in paragraph (1), by adding “and” at the end; (ii) by striking paragraph (2); (iii) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (2); and (iv) in the undesignated matter after paragraph (2), as redesignated, by striking “, respectively,” and all that follows through “subsection (a)(4)(A)”. (6) RULES FOR DETERMINING WHETHER CERTAIN ALIENS ARE CHILDREN.—Section 203(h) of such Act (8 U.S.C. 1153(h)) is amended by striking “(a)(2)(A)” each place such term appears and inserting “(a)(2)”. (7) PROCEDURE FOR GRANTING IMMIGRANT STATUS.—Section 204 of such Act (8 U.S.C. 1154) is amended— (A) in subsection (a)(1)— (i) in subparagraph (A)(i), by striking “to classification by reason of a relationship described in paragraph (1), (3), or (4) of section 203(a) or”; (ii) in subparagraph (B)— (I) in clause (i)— (aa) by redesignating the second subclause (I) as subclause (II); and (bb) in subclause (I), by striking “203(a)(2)” and inserting “203(a)”; and (II) in clause (ii)— (aa) in subclause (I), in the matter preceding item (aa), by striking “clause (iii) of section 203(a)(2)(A)” and inserting “section 203(a)”; and (bb) in subclause (II)(cc), by striking “203(a)(2)(A)” and inserting “203(a)”; and (iii) in subparagraph (D)(i)(I), by striking “a petitioner” and all that follows through “(a)(1)(B)(iii).” and inserting “an individual younger than 21 years of age for purposes of adjudicating such petition and for purposes of admission as an immediate relative under section 201(b)(2)(A)(i) or a family-sponsored immigrant under section 203(a), as appropriate, notwithstanding the actual age of the individual.”; (B) in subsection (f)(1), by striking “, 203(a)(1), or 203(a)(3), as appropriate”; (C) by striking subsection (k); and (D) by redesignating subsection (l) as subsection (k). (8) WAIVERS OF INADMISSIBILITY.—Section 212 of such Act (8 U.S.C. 1182) is amended— (A) in subsection (a)(6)(E)(ii), by striking “section 203(a)(2)” and inserting “section 203(a)”; and (B) in subsection (d)(11), by striking “(other than paragraph (4) thereof)”. (9) REQUIREMENTS FOR SPONSOR'S AFFIDAVIT OF SUPPORT.—Section 213A(f)(5)(B)(ii) of such Act (8 U.S.C. 1183a(f)(5)(B)(ii)) is amended by striking “section 204(l)” and inserting “section 204(k)”. (10) EMPLOYMENT OF V NONIMMIGRANTS.—Section 214(q)(1)(B)(i) of such Act (8 U.S.C. 1184(q)(1)(B)(i)) is amended by striking “section 203(a)(2)(A)” each place such term appears and inserting “section 203(a)”. (11) DEFINITION OF ALIEN SPOUSE.—Section 216(h)(1)(C) of such Act (8 U.S.C. 1186a(h)(1)(C)) is amended by striking “section 203(a)(2)” and inserting “section 203(a)”. (12) CLASSES OF DEPORTABLE ALIENS.—Section 237(a)(1)(E)(ii) of such Act (8 U.S.C. 1227(a)(1)(E)(ii)) is amended by striking “section 203(a)(2)” and inserting “section 203(a)”. (c) Effective date; applicability.— (1) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by this section shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year that begins after the date of the enactment of this Act. (2) INVALIDITY OF CERTAIN PETITIONS AND APPLICATIONS.—Except as provided in paragraph (3), any petition under section 204 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1154) seeking classification of an alien under a family-sponsored immigrant category that was eliminated by the amendments made by this section and either pending at the time of the passage of this Act or filed after the date on which this Act was introduced and any application for an immigrant visa based on such a petition shall be considered invalid. (3) VALID OFFER OF ADMISSION.—Notwithstanding the termination by this Act of the family-sponsored and employment-based immigrant visa categories, any alien who was granted admission to the United States under subsection (a) or (b) of section 203 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1153), as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this Act, and is scheduled to receive an immigrant visa in the applicable preference category not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, shall be entitled to such visa if the alien enters the United States within 1 year after such date of enactment. (d) Annual admission of refugees.—Section 207 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1157) is amended— (1) by striking subsections (a) and (b); (2) by redesignating subsections (e) and (f) as subsections (a) and (e), respectively, and moving the subsections so as to appear in alphabetical order; and (3) by inserting after subsection (a), as so redesignated, the following: “(b) Maximum number of admissions.— “(1) IN GENERAL.—The number of refugees who may be admitted under this section in any fiscal year may not exceed 50,000. “(2) ASYLEES.—The President shall annually enumerate the number of aliens who were granted asylum in the previous fiscal year.”; and (4) by striking “Attorney General” each place such term appears and inserting “Secretary of Homeland Security”. (e) Family-sponsored immigration priorities.—The Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.) is amended— (1) in section 101(b)(1) (8 U.S.C. 1101(b)(1)), in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking “under twenty-one years of age who” and inserting “who is younger than 18 years of age and”; and (2) in section 201 (8 U.S.C. 1151)— (A) in subsection (b)(2)(A)— (i) in clause (i), by striking “children, spouses, and parents of a citizen of the United States, except that, in the case of parents, such citizens shall be at least 21 years of age.” and inserting “children and spouse of a citizen of the United States.”; and (ii) in clause (ii), by striking “such an immediate relative” and inserting “the immediate relative spouse of a United States citizen”; (B) by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following: “(c) Worldwide level of family-Sponsored immigrants.— (1) The worldwide level of family-sponsored immigrants under this subsection for a fiscal year is equal to 88,000 minus the number computed under paragraph (2). “(2) The number computed under this paragraph for a fiscal year is the number of aliens who were paroled into the United States under section 212(d)(5) in the second preceding fiscal year who— “(A) did not depart from the United States (without advance parole) within 365 days; and “(B) (i) did not acquire the status of an alien lawfully admitted to the United States for permanent residence during the two preceding fiscal years; or “(ii) acquired such status during such period under a provision of law (other than subsection (b)) that exempts adjustment to such status from the numerical limitation on the worldwide level of immigration under this section.”; and (C) in subsection (f)— (i) in paragraph (2), by striking “section 203(a)(2)(A)” and inserting “section 203(a)”; (ii) by striking paragraph (3); (iii) by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (3); and (iv) in paragraph (3), as redesignated, by striking “(1) through (3)” and inserting “(1) and (2)”. (f) Family-Based visa preferences.—Section 203(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1153(a)) is amended to read as follows: “(a) Spouses and minor children of permanent resident aliens.—Family-sponsored immigrants described in this subsection are qualified immigrants who are the spouse or a child of an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence.”. (g) Replacement of employment-based immigration categories with immigration points system.—Section 201 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1151) is amended— (1) in subsection (a), as amended by section 2(b)(1)(B), by amending paragraph (2) to read as follows: “(2) points-based immigrants described in section 203(b), in a number not to exceed— “(A) the number specified in subsection (d) during any fiscal year; or “(B) 50 percent of the number specified in subsection (d) during the first 6 months of any fiscal year.”; and (2) by amending subsection (d) to read as follows: “(d) Worldwide level of points-Based immigrants.— “(1) IN GENERAL.—The worldwide level of points-based immigrant visas issued during any fiscal year may not exceed 140,000. “(2) EFFECT OF VISAS ISSUED TO SPOUSES AND CHILDREN.—The numerical limitation set forth in paragraph (1) shall include any visas issued pursuant to section 203(b)(3). “(3) ALLOTMENT BY STATE AND ORIGIN.—The Secretary of Homeland Security shall allot individual caps, in consultation with State and Territorial Governors, in each of the States and Territories of the United States for each country of origin, and shall take care to ensure that each country of origin is properly disbursal of immigrants from each country of origin among the States. The sum of the allotments made under this paragraph shall not exceed 140,000, but may be less than 130,000.”. (h) Creation of nonimmigrant classification for alien parents of adult United States citizens.— (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 101(a)(15) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)) is amended— (A) in subparagraph (T)(ii)(III), by striking the period at the end and inserting a semicolon; (B) in subparagraph (U)(iii), by striking “or” at the end; (C) in subparagraph (V)(ii)(II), by striking the period at the end and inserting “; or”; and (D) by adding at the end the following: “(W) subject to section 214(s), an alien who is a parent of a citizen of the United States, if the citizen is at least 21 years of age.”. (2) CONDITIONS ON ADMISSION.—Section 214 of such Act (8 U.S.C. 1184) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(s) (1) The initial period of authorized admission for a nonimmigrant described in section 101(a)(15)(W) shall be 5 years, but may be extended by the Secretary of Homeland Security for additional 5-year periods if the United States citizen son or daughter of the nonimmigrant is still residing in the United States. “(2) A nonimmigrant described in section 101(a)(15)(W)— “(A) is not authorized to be employed in the United States; and “(B) is not eligible for any Federal, State, or local public benefit. “(3) Regardless of the resources of a nonimmigrant described in section 101(a)(15)(W), the United States citizen son or daughter who sponsored the nonimmigrant parent shall be responsible for the nonimmigrant’s support while the nonimmigrant resides in the United States. “(4) An alien is ineligible to receive a visa or to be admitted into the United States as a nonimmigrant described in section 101(a)(15)(W) unless the alien provides satisfactory proof that the United States citizen son or daughter has arranged for health insurance coverage for the alien, at no cost to the alien, during the anticipated period of the alien’s residence in the United States.”. (i) Numerical limitations on individual foreign states.—Section 202(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1152(a)) is amended— (1) in paragraph (2)— (A) in the paragraph heading, by striking “and employment-based”; (B) by striking “paragraphs (3), (4), and (5)” and inserting “paragraphs (3) and (4)”; and (C) by striking “subsections (a) and (b) of section 203” and inserting “section 203(a)”; (2) in paragraph (3), by striking “both subsections (a) and (b) of section 203” and inserting “section 203(a)”; and (3) by striking paragraph (5). (j) Application process for points-Based immigrants.—Section 203 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1153) is amended— (1) by amending subsection (b) to read as follows: “(b) Application process for points-Based immigrant visas.— “(1) ELIGIBILITY SCREENING.— “(A) APPLICATION SUBMISSION.—Any alien seeking to immigrate to the United States who believes that he or she meets the points requirement set forth in section 220 may submit an online application to U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services for placement in the eligible applicant pool. “(B) APPLICATION ELEMENTS.—Each application submitted under subparagraph (A) shall include— “(i) the identification of the points for which the applicant is eligible under section 220; “(ii) an attestation by the applicant, under penalty of disqualification, that the applicant has sufficient documentation to verify the points claimed under clause (i); “(iii) the electronic submission of an application fee in the amount of $160; and “(iv) any other information required by the Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, by regulation. “(C) ELIGIBLE APPLICANT POOL.— “(i) IN GENERAL.—Each application that meets the points requirement set forth in section 220 shall be placed in an eligible applicant pool, which shall be sorted by total points. “(ii) TIE-BREAKING FACTORS.—Applications with equal points will be sorted based on the following tie-breaking factors: “(I) Applicants whose highest educational degree is a doctorate degree (or equivalent foreign degree) shall be ranked higher than applicants whose highest educational degree is a professional degree (as defined in section 220(a)) or equivalent foreign degree, who shall be ranked higher than applicants whose highest educational degree is a master’s degree (or equivalent foreign degree), who shall be ranked higher than applicants whose highest educational degree is a bachelor’s degree (or equivalent foreign degree), who shall be ranked higher than applicants whose highest educational degree is a high school diploma (as defined in section 220(a)) or equivalent foreign diploma, who shall be ranked higher than applicants without a high school diploma, with United States degrees ranked higher than their foreign counterparts. “(II) Applicants with equal points and equal educational attainment shall be ranked according to their respective English language proficiency test rankings (as defined in section 220(a)). “(III) Applicants with equal points, equal educational attainment, and equal English language proficiency test rankings shall be ranked according to their age, with applicants who are nearest their 25th birthdays being ranked higher. “(D) DURATION.—Applications shall remain in the eligible applicant pool for 12 months. An applicant who is not invited to apply for a point-based immigrant visa during the 12-month period in which the application remains in the eligible applicant pool may reapply for placement in the eligible applicant pool. “(2) VISA PETITION.— “(A) INVITATION.—Every 6 months, the Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services shall invite the highest ranked applicants in the eligible applicant pool, in a number that is expected to yield 50 percent of the point-based immigrant visas authorized under section 201(d) for the fiscal year, including spouses and dependent children accompanying or following to join the principle alien, to file a petition for a points-based immigrant visa. “(B) PETITION ELEMENTS.—Subject to subparagraph (C), the Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services shall award a points-based immigrant visa to any applicant invited to file a petition under subparagraph (A) who, not later than 90 days after receiving such invitation, files a petition with the Director that includes— “(i) valid documentation proving that the applicant is entitled to all of the points claimed in the application submitted pursuant to paragraph (1); “(ii) an attestation from the prospective employer, if applicable— “(I) of the annual salary being offered to the applicant; and “(II) that the job being offered to the applicant is a new or vacant position that does not displace a United States worker; “(iii) (I) proof that the applicant’s United States employer has secured health insurance that meet all applicable regulations; or “(II) evidence that the applicant has posted a bond to be used to purchase the health insurance described in subclause (I); and “(iv) a fee of an amount not less than $345, to be determined by the Director. “(C) DISPOSITION OF PETITIONS EXCEEDING THE ANNUAL NUMERICAL LIMITATION.—If the Director receives a petition that complies with the requirements under subparagraph (B) after the numerical limitation set forth in section 201(d) has been reached for the applicable fiscal year, the Director shall— “(i) issue a points-based immigrant visa to the petitioner; “(ii) delay the admission into the United States of the petitioner and his or her spouse and children, if applicable, until the first day of the following fiscal year; and “(iii) reduce the number of points-based immigrant visas that may be issued during the following fiscal year accordingly. “(3) VISAS FOR SPOUSES AND CHILDREN.— “(A) SPOUSE.—The legal spouse of an applicant under this subsection who is accompanying or following to join the applicant in the United States shall be issued a points-based immigrant visa under this section upon the approval of the spouse’s petition under paragraph (2). “(B) MINOR CHILDREN.—Any children of an applicant under this subsection who have not reached 18 years of age as of the date on which a petition is filed under paragraph (2) and are accompanying or following to join the applicant in the United States shall be issued a points-based immigrant visa under this section upon the approval of the parent’s petition under paragraph (2). “(C) DEPENDENT ADULT CHILDREN.—Any adult child of an applicant under this subsection who is unable to care for himself or herself may be admitted into the United States, on a temporary basis, until he or she is capable to care for himself or herself, but may not be authorized to work in the United States or to receive any other benefits of permanent residence. “(4) INFLATION ADJUSTMENTS.—The Director shall adjust the amount of the fees required under paragraphs (1)(B)(iii) and (2)(B)(iv) every 2 years, as appropriate, to reflect inflation. “(5) INELIGIBILITY FOR PUBLIC BENEFITS.—An alien who has been issued a points-based immigrant visa under this subsection, and every member of the household of such alien, shall not be eligible for any Federal means-tested public benefit (as defined and implemented in section 403 of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (8 U.S.C. 1613)) during the 5-year period beginning on the date on which such visa was issued.”; and (2) in subsection (d)(1), as redesignated by section 2(b)(1)(C)(ii), by striking “or (b)”. (k) Establishment of immigration points system.— (1) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 2 of title II of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1181 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following: “Sec. 220. Immigration points system. “(a) Definitions.—In this section: “(1) ENGLISH LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY TEST.—The term ‘English language proficiency test’ means— “(A) the International English Language Testing System (IELTS), as administered by a partnership between the British Council, IDP Education, and Cambridge English Language Assessment; “(B) the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL), as administered by the Educational Testing Service; or “(C) any other test to measure English proficiency that has been approved by the Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services for purposes of subsection (e) that meets the standards of English language ability measurement and anti-fraud integrity set by the IELTS or the TOEFL. “(2) ENGLISH LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY TEST RANKING.— “(A) IN GENERAL.—Subject to subparagraph (B), the term ‘English language proficiency test ranking’ means the decile rank of the applicant’s English language proficiency test score, when compared with all of the other people who took the same test during the same period. “(B) ADJUSTMENT.—The Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, in consultation with the Secretary of Education, may adjust the decile rank of an applicant’s English language proficiency test score if the number of people taking such test is too small or unusually skewed to make such decile rank inconsistent with the decile rank the applicant would have received if he or she had taken the IELTS or TOEFL. “(3) HIGH SCHOOL.—The term ‘high school’ has the meaning given such term in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801). “(4) IELTS.—The term ‘IELTS’ means the International English Language Testing System. “(5) INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION.—The term ‘institution of higher education’ has the meaning given the term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001). “(6) PROFESSIONAL DEGREE.—The term ‘professional degree’ includes the following degrees: “(A) Master's of Business Administration. “(B) Doctor of Jurisprudence usable in the United States of America. “(C) Doctor of Medicine. “(7) STEM.—The term ‘STEM’ means the academic discipline of science, technology, engineering, or mathematics. “(8) TOEFL.—The term ‘TOEFL’ means the Test of English as a Foreign Language. “(b) In general.—An alien is eligible to submit an application for placement in the eligible applicant pool under section 203(b)(1) if the applicant has accrued a total of 30 points under this section. “(c) Age.— “(1) IN GENERAL.—An applicant may accrue points for age under this subsection based on the age of the applicant on the date on which the applicant submits an application under section 203(b)(1). “(2) AGES 0 THROUGH 17.—An alien who has not reached 18 years of age may not submit an application under section 203(b)(1). “(3) AGES 18 THROUGH 21.—An applicant who is at least 18 years of age and younger than 22 years of age shall accrue 4 points. “(4) AGES 22 THROUGH 25.—An applicant who is at least 22 years of age and younger than 26 years of age shall accrue 3 points. “(5) AGES 26 THROUGH 30.—An applicant who is at least 26 years of age and younger than 31 years of age may submit an application under section 203(b), but shall not accrue any points on account of age. “(6) AGES 31 THROUGH 35.—An applicant who is at least 31 years of age and younger than 36 years of age may submit an application under section 203(b), but shall not accrue any points on account of age. “(7) AGES 36 THROUGH 40.—An applicant who is at least 36 years of age and younger than 41 years of age may submit an application under section 203(b), but shall not accrue any points on account of age. “(8) AGES 41 THROUGH 45.—An applicant who is at least 41 years of age and younger than 46 years of age shall accrue 2 points. “(9) AGES 46 THROUGH 50.—An applicant who is at least 46 years of age and younger than 51 years of age shall accrue 4 points. “(10) AGE 51 THROUGH 55.—An applicant who is at least 51 years of age and younger than 56 years of age shall accrue 6 points. “(11) AGE 56 THROUGH 65.—An applicant who is at least 56 years of age and younger than 66 years of age shall accrue 8 points. “(11) AGE 66 AND UP.—An applicant who is at least 66 years of age may submit an application under section 203(b) shall accrue 10 points. “(d) Education.— “(1) IN GENERAL.—An applicant may only accrue points for educational attainment under this section based on the highest degree obtained by the applicant as of the date on which the applicant submits an application under section 203(b). “(2) UNITED STATES OR FOREIGN HIGH SCHOOL DEGREE.—An applicant whose highest degree is a diploma from a high school in the United States, or the foreign equivalent of such a degree, as determined by the Secretary of Education, shall accrue 1 point. “(3) FOREIGN BACHELOR’S DEGREE.—An applicant who has received the foreign equivalent of a bachelor’s degree from an institution of higher education, as determined by the Secretary of Education, but has not received a degree described in paragraphs (5) through (8), shall accrue 5 points. “(4) UNITED STATES BACHELOR’S DEGREE.—An applicant who has received a bachelor’s degree from an institution of higher education, but has not received a degree described in paragraphs (5) through (8), shall accrue 6 points. “(5) FOREIGN MASTER’S DEGREE IN STEM.—An applicant whose highest degree is a master’s degree in STEM from a foreign college or university, approved by the Secretary of Education, shall accrue 7 points. “(6) UNITED STATES MASTER’S DEGREE IN STEM.—An applicant whose highest degree is a master’s degree in STEM from an institution of higher education shall accrue 8 points. “(7) FOREIGN PROFESSIONAL DEGREE OR DOCTORATE DEGREE IN STEM.—An applicant whose highest degree is a foreign professional degree or a doctorate degree in STEM, approved by the Secretary of Education, shall accrue 10 points. “(8) UNITED STATES PROFESSIONAL DEGREE OR DOCTORATE DEGREE IN STEM.—An applicant whose highest degree is a United States professional degree or a doctorate degree in STEM from an institution of higher education shall accrue 13 points. “(9) APPROVED FOREIGN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AND DEGREES.—The Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, in cooperation with the Secretary of Education, shall maintain and regularly update a list of foreign educational institutions and degrees that meet accreditation standards equivalent to those recognized by major United States accrediting agencies and are approved for the purpose of accruing points under this subsection. “(e) English language proficiency.— “(1) IN GENERAL.—An applicant may accrue points for English language proficiency in accordance with this subsection based on the highest English language assessment test ranking of the applicant as of the date on which the applicant submits an application under section 203(b). “(2) 1ST THROUGH 5TH DECILES.—An applicant whose English language proficiency test score is lower than the 6th decile rank shall not accrue any points under this subsection. “(3) 6TH AND 7TH DECILES.—An applicant whose English language proficiency test score is in the 6th or 7th decile ranks shall accrue 5 points. “(4) 8TH DECILE.—An applicant whose English language proficiency test score is in the 8th decile rank shall accrue 12 points. “(5) 9TH DECILE.—An applicant whose English language proficiency test score is in the 9th decile rank shall accrue 14 points. “(6) 10TH DECILE.—An applicant whose English language proficiency test score is in the 10th decile rank shall accrue 16 points. “(f) Extraordinary achievement.—An applicant may accrue, for extraordinary achievement under this subsection— “(1) 25 points if the applicant is a Nobel Laureate or has received comparable recognition in a field of scientific or social scientific study, as determined by the Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services; and “(2) 15 points if the applicant, during the 8-year period immediately preceding the submission of an application under section 203(b)(1), earned an individual Olympic medal or placed first in an international sporting event in which the majority of the best athletes in an Olympic sport were represented, as determined by the Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. “(g) Job offer.— “(1) IN GENERAL.—An applicant may accrue, for highly compensated employment under this subsection— “(A) 5 points if the annual salary being offered by the applicant’s prospective employer is at least 200 percent of the median household income in the State in which the applicant will be employed, as determined by the Secretary of Labor, and less than 300 percent of such median household income; “(B) 8 points if the annual salary being offered by the applicant’s prospective employer is at least 300 percent of the median household income in the State in which the applicant will be employed, as determined by the Secretary of Labor, and less than 500 percent of such median household income; and “(C) 12 points if the annual salary being offered by the applicant’s prospective employer is at least 500 percent of the median household income in the State in which the applicant will be employed, as determined by the Secretary of Labor. “(2) REQUIREMENT.—An applicant may not be placed in the eligible applicant pool under section 203(b)(1) if— “(A) the applicant has not received a degree higher than a bachelor’s degree; and “(B) the applicant does not accrue any points under paragraph (1). “(h) Investment in, and active management of, new commercial enterprise.— “(1) IN GENERAL.—An applicant may accrue, for foreign investment under this subsection— “(A) 6 points if the applicant agrees to invest the equivalent of $1,350,000 in foreign currency in a new commercial enterprise in the United States, maintain such investment for at least 3 years, and play an active role in the management of such commercial enterprise as the applicant’s primary occupation; and “(B) 12 points if the applicant agrees to invest the equivalent of $1,800,000 in foreign currency in a new commercial enterprise in the United States, maintain such investment for at least 3 years, and play an active role in the management of such commercial enterprise as the applicant’s primary occupation. “(2) FAILURE TO MAINTAIN INVESTMENT.—A points-based immigrant visa issued under section 201(b) to an applicant who accrued points under this subsection shall be rescinded if the applicant fails to comply with the requirements under paragraph (1) for a period in excess of 1 year. “(i) Valid offer of admission under family preference category.—Any alien who was granted admission to the United States under section 203(a), as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of this section, shall be entitled to 2 points if— “(1) the applicant was scheduled to receive an immigrant visa under that preference category; and “(2) the applicant did not receive an immigrant visa during the 1-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this section. “(j) Effect of spouse on accrual of points.— “(1) IN GENERAL.—If an applicant has a spouse who will be accompanying or following to join the applicant in the United States, the applicant will identify the points that the spouse would accrue under each of subsections (c) through (e) if he or she were applying for a points-based immigrant visa. “(2) POINTS ADJUSTMENT.—For each of the categories set forth in subsections (c) through (e)— “(A) if the number of points that would be accrued by the spouse is the same or higher as the points accrued by the applicant, the number of points shall not be adjusted; “(B) if the number of points that would be accrued by the spouse is lower than the number of points accrued by the applicant, the number of points accrued by the applicant shall be adjusted so that it is equal to the sum of— “(i) the number of points accrued by the applicant under such category multiplied by 70 percent; and “(ii) the number of points accrued by the spouse under such category multiplied by 30 percent. “(k) Other desirable traits.— “(1) DRIVING ABILITY.— “(A) An applicant who has a United States driver's license, owns an automobile, and has a clean history with respect t shall accrue 4 points. “(2) SHOOTING ABILITY.— “(3) QUALIFIED DONOR.— “(4) CHARITABLE HISTORY.— “(5) MEDICAL HISTORY.— “(6) BLOOD TYPE.—”. (2) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of contents for the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.) is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 219 the following: “Sec. 220. Immigration points system.”. (l) Annual report.—Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall submit a report to Congress that includes, for the previous fiscal year— (1) the number of visas issued under section 203(b) of the Immigration and Nationality Act, as added by subsection (c), based on the Immigration Points System established under section 220 of such Act, as added by subsection (d); (2) with respect to the aliens placed in the eligible applicant pool under section 203(b)(1)(C) of such Act during the previous fiscal year— (A) the percentage of such aliens seeking residence in each State; (B) the percentage of such aliens in each of the educational attainment categories set forth in section 220(d) of such Act; (C) the percentage of such aliens in each of the English language proficiency categories set forth in section 220(e) of such Act; (D) the initial United States employer of such aliens and the average starting annual salary offered by such employers in the United States; and (E) the number of such aliens agreeing to invest in a new commercial enterprise in the United States, and the percentage of such aliens in each of the categories set forth in section 220(h) of such Act; and (3) with respect to the aliens invited to file a points-based immigrant visa petition pursuant to section 203(b)(2) of such Act, the statistics set forth in subparagraphs (A) through (E) of paragraph (2). (m) Quadrennial report.— (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 4 years after the date of the enactment of this Act, and every 4 years thereafter, the Secretary of Homeland Security, in consultation with the Secretary of Labor, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Secretary of State, shall submit a report to the Committee on the Judiciary and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives that includes any recommendations for revisions to the immigration points system set forth in section 220 of the Immigration and Nationality Act, as added by section 5(d), by— (A) reallocating points within or among the categories set forth in subsections (c) through (i) of such section; and (B) adding or subtracting additional points categories. (2) CRITERIA FOR RECOMMENDATIONS.—The recommendations included in the report required under paragraph (1) shall be designed to achieve the goals of— (A) increasing per capita growth in the gross domestic product of the United States; (B) enhancing prospects for the economic success of immigrants issued points-based immigrant visas; (C) improving the fiscal health of the United States; and (D) protecting or increasing the wages of working Americans. (n) Prerequisite for naturalization.—Section 318 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1429) is amended— (1) by striking “Except” and inserting the following: “(a) Permanent resident.—Except”; (2) by striking “he” each place such term appears and inserting “he or she”; (3) by striking “his” and inserting “his or her”; (4) by striking “Attorney General” each place such term appears and inserting “Secretary of Homeland Security”; (5) by striking “the Service” and inserting “the Department of Homeland Security”; (6) by striking “Notwithstanding” and inserting the following: “(b) Warrant of arrest.—Notwithstanding”; (7) by striking “Act: Provided, That the findings” and inserting “Act. The findings”; and (8) by adding at the end the following: “(c) Outstanding debts.—No person may be naturalized under this title if the individual who executed an affidavit of support with respect to the person has failed to reimburse the Federal Government, in accordance with section 213A(b), for all means-tested public benefits received by the person during the 5-year period beginning on the date on which the alien was lawfully admitted for permanent residence.”. Sec. 611. Termination of exemption from numerical limitations for H–1B nonimmigrants employed by institutions of higher education. (a) In general.—Section 214(g)(5) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1184(g)(5)) is amended— (1) by striking subparagraph (A); and (2) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) and (C) as subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively. (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall take effect sixty days after its enactment. Sec. 612. Secure Commercial Driver Licensure. (a) Definitions.—In this section: (1) COMMERCIAL DRIVER’S LICENSE.—The term “commercial driver’s license” has the meaning given the term in section 31301 of title 49, United States Code. (2) DRIVER’S LICENSE.—The term “driver’s license” has the meaning given the term in section 31301 of title 49, United States Code. (3) NON-DOMICILED CDL.—The term “non-domiciled CDL” means a commercial driver’s license issued by a State or other jurisdiction to an individual who is not domiciled in that State or jurisdiction, in accordance with part 383 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations (or successor regulations). (4) NON-DOMICILED CLP.—The term “non-domiciled CLP” means a commercial learner’s permit issued by a State or other jurisdiction to an individual who is not domiciled in that State or jurisdiction, in accordance with part 383 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations (or successor regulations). (5) SECRETARY.—The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Transportation. (b) Requirement to administer driving tests in English.—Section 31305(a) of title 49, United States Code, is amended— (1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), in the first sentence, by inserting “(referred to in this section as the ‘Secretary’)” after “Secretary of Transportation”; (2) by redesignating paragraphs (7) and (8) as paragraphs (8) and (9), respectively; and (3) by inserting after paragraph (6) the following: “(7) shall require the tests to be administered only in English;”. (c) Rulemaking.—Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall promulgate new, or revise existing, regulations, rules, and documents, as necessary, to ensure that all testing relating to the issuance or renewal of a commercial driver’s license is conducted only in English, including— (1) any tests administered as part of an entry-level driver training program; (2) any knowledge tests relating to the issuance or renewal of a commercial driver’s license; and (3) any tests administered by a third-party training provider included on the training provider registry maintained by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. (d) Requirement to hold driver’s license before obtaining CDL.—Subject to subsection (b), beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, a commercial driver’s license may not be issued to an individual who has not held a driver’s license for a period of at least 1 year before the date on which the commercial driver’s license is issued. (e) Exemption.—Subsection (d) does not apply to a citizen or legal permanent resident of the United states who holds a commercial driver’s license as of the date of enactment of this Act. (f) Revocation of authority.—The Secretary may revoke the authority of any State or other jurisdiction to issue non-domiciled CDLs or non-domiciled CLPs if the Secretary determines that the State or other jurisdiction is not in compliance with all applicable Federal standards relating to that authority, including the provisions of this Act and any regulations promulgated or revised under this Act. (g) REAL ID compliance.—Effective January 1, 2028, no commercial driver's license shall be issued that is not compliant with the requirements of the REAL ID Act. Effective January 1, 2030, no driver's license shall be recognized by the United States Government or required to be recognized among the States unless it is compliant with the provisions of the REAL ID Act. (h) TWIC carriage.—Effective March 1, 2026, all individuals who are required to carry a commercial driver's license or commercial learner's permit by law or who are in possession of a commercial driver's license or commercial learner's permit shall be required to carry a Transportation Worker Identification Credential at all times while driving. An individual who is in possession of a non-domiciled CDL or non-domiciled CLP who is not in possession of a TWIC shall lose such non-domiciled CDL or non-domiciled CLP immediately upon discovery. Sec. 613. Citizenship at birth exclusions for certain persons born in the United States. (a) In general.—Section 301(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1401(a)) is amended by striking the semicolon at the end and inserting the following: “: Provided, That a person born in the United States shall not be considered subject to the jurisdiction of the United States if the person is born of alien parents who are— (1) unlawfully present in the United States; (2) present in the United States for non-permanent or diplomatic purposes; (3) not a citiezn of the United States; or (4) engaged in a hostile occupation of, or a hostile operation in, the United States;”. (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall take effect sixty days after its enactment. Sec. 614. Termination of certain exceptions from H–1B nonimmigrant visa numerical limitation. (a) Three-Year period.—Section 214(g)(4) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1184(g)(4)) is amended by adding at the end the following: “An alien who has been counted against the numerical limitation under paragraph (1)(A) shall be recounted against such numerical limitation during the fiscal year in which such alien surpasses 3 years in the nonimmigrant status described in section 101(a)(15)(H)(i)(b).”. (b) Employment by colleges and research institutions.—Section 214(g) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1184(g)) is amended by striking paragraph (5). (c) Change of status to H–1B nonimmigrant.—Section 214(l)(2)(A) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1184(l)(2)(A)) is amended by striking the second sentence. (d) Change of employer.—Section 214(n)(1) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1184(n)(1)) is amended by inserting “If the new position is approved, such position shall be counted against the numerical limitation under subsection (g)(1)(A).” after “the new petition is adjudicated.”. Sec. 615. Inadmissibility and deportability related to defrauding the United States Government or unlawfully receiving public benefits. (a) Inadmissibility.—Section 212(a)(2) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(2)) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(J) DEFRAUDING THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT OR UNLAWFULLY RECEIVING PUBLIC BENEFITS.—Any alien who has been convicted of, who admits having committed, or who admits committing acts constituting the essential elements of, an offense that involves defrauding the United States Government or unlawfully receiving a Federal public benefit (as such term is defined in section 401(c) of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (8 U.S.C. 1611(c)) or a State or local public benefit (as such term is defined in section 411(c) of such Act (8 U.S.C. 1621(c))), or a conspiracy to commit such an offense, is inadmissible.”. (b) Deportability.—Section 237(a)(2) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1227(a)(2)) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(G) DEFRAUDING THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT OR UNLAWFULLY RECEIVING PUBLIC BENEFITS.—Any alien who has been convicted of an offense that involves defrauding the United States Government or unlawfully receiving a Federal public benefit (as such term is defined in section 401(c) of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (8 U.S.C. 1611(c)) or a State or local public benefit (as such term is defined in section 411(c) of such Act (8 U.S.C. 1621(c))), or a conspiracy to commit such an offense, is deportable.”. Sec. 616. Interference with immigration enforcement. (a) In general.—Section 274 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1324) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(f) Interference with immigration enforcement.—Any person who knowingly impedes or interferes with an officer or employee of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement who is enforcing the immigration laws, including destroying or damaging property of the United States being used for purposes of such enforcement, shall be fined under title 18, United States Code, imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both.”. (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall take effect sixty days after its enactment. Sec. 617. Ineligibility of sanctuary jurisdictions for community development block grants. (a) In general.—Title I of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5301 et seq.) is amended— (1) in section 102(a) (42 U.S.C. 5302(a)), by adding at the end the following: “(25) (A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the term ‘sanctuary jurisdiction’ means any State or political subdivision of a State that has in effect a statute, ordinance, policy, or practice that prohibits or restricts any government entity or official from— “(i) sending, receiving, maintaining, or exchanging with any Federal, State, or local government entity information regarding the citizenship or immigration status (lawful or unlawful) of any individual; or “(ii) complying with a request lawfully made by the Department of Homeland Security under section 236 or 287 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1226, 1357) to comply with a detainer for, or notify about the release of, an individual. “(B) A State or political subdivision of a State shall not be deemed a sanctuary jurisdiction based solely on its having a policy whereby its officials will not share information regarding, or comply with a request made by the Department of Homeland Security under section 236 or 287 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1226, 1357) to comply with a detainer regarding, an individual who comes forward as a victim or a witness to a criminal offense.”; and (2) in section 104(b) (42 U.S.C. 5304(b))— (A) in paragraph (5), by striking “and” at the end; (B) by redesignating paragraph (6) as paragraph (7); and (C) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following: “(6) the grantee is not a sanctuary jurisdiction and will not become a sanctuary jurisdiction during the period for which the grantee receives a grant under this title; and”. (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall take effect sixty days after its enactment. Sec. 618. Reduction of costs associated to foreign entry into the borders of the United States. (a) Limitation of foreign entry.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, but except as provided in subsection (c), no alien may be issued a visa or provided any status under the immigration laws, until the immigration laws provide that— (1) States and localities are not prohibited from denying access to public schools to aliens present in the United States without lawful status under the immigration laws; (2) no nonimmigrant may adjust status to that of an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence; (3) citizenship at birth is only available to a child who— (A) is born in the United States; and (B) has at least one parent who is— (i) a citizen of the United States; or (ii) an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residency in the United States; (4) no alien may be accorded any status under section 201(a)(1) of the Immigration and Nationality Act unless that alien is— (A) the spouse or minor child of a United States citizen; or (B) the spouse or minor child of an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residency; (5) no alien may be accorded any lawful status under the immigration laws if that alien is— (A) an Islamist; (B) an observer of Sharia law; (C) a member or associate of the Chinese Communist Party or any Communist organization or other totalitarian organization; (D) a known or suspected terrorist; (E) a known or suspected member of a foreign terrorist organization; or (F) a person who is affiliated with any foreign terrorist organization; and (6) no alien may be provided— (A) any benefit payable under title XVIII of the Social Security Act (relating to the medicare program); (B) medical assistance under title XIX of the Social Security Act (or any successor program to such title) for care and services that are necessary for the treatment of an emergency medical condition (as defined in section 1903(v)(3) of such Act) of the alien involved and are not related to an organ transplant procedure, if the alien involved otherwise meets the eligibility requirements for medical assistance under the State plan approved under such title (other than the requirement of the receipt of aid or assistance under title IV of such Act, supplemental security income benefits under title XVI of such Act, or a State supplementary payment); (C) any benefit under the supplemental security income program under title XVI of the Social Security Act, including supplementary payments pursuant to an agreement for Federal administration under section 1616(a) of the Social Security Act and payments pursuant to an agreement entered into under section 212(b) of Public Law 93–66; (D) any benefit under the supplemental nutrition assistance program established under the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.); (E) any credit under section 36B of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; (F) any credit under section 32 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; (G) any benefit under the special supplemental nutrition program for women, infants, and children established by section 17 of the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1786); (H) a loan made, insured, or guaranteed under title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070 et seq.); (I) any benefit under any program for housing or community development assistance or financial assistance administered by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, any program under title V of the Housing Act of 1949, or any assistance under section 306C of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act; and (J) any loan or loan guarantee under the Small Business Act. (b) Effective date.— (1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendments made by this section shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act. (2) PRIOR APPLICATION.—Notwithstanding paragraph (1), in the case of any alien who applied for any status under the immigration laws before the date of the enactment of this Act who is ineligible for such status by reason of the enactment of this Act, such application shall be revoked, and any fee paid by such alien shall be refunded. (c) Exception.—The prohibition on the issuance of a visa or provision of status under subsection (a) does not apply in the case of a visa or status under section 101(a)(15)(B)(ii). (d) H-1B fees.—Section 214(c) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1184(c)) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(D) ADDITIONAL FEE.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, beginning with fiscal year 2026, a fee of $100,000 shall be imposed on an employer filing a petition under paragraph (1)— “(i) initially to grant an alien nonimmigrant status described in section 101(a)(15)(H)(i)(b); “(ii) to extend the stay of an alien having such status (unless the employer previously has obtained an extension for such alien); or “(iii) to obtain authorization for an alien having such status to change employers.”. (e) Eliminating the optional practical training program.—Section 274A(h) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1324a) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(4) EMPLOYMENT AUTHORIZATION FOR ALIENS NO LONGER ENGAGED IN FULL-TIME STUDY IN THE UNITED STATES.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no alien present in the United States as a nonimmigrant under section 101(a)(15)(F)(i) may be provided employment authorization in the United States.”. (f) Termination of Diversity Immigrant Visa Program.—Section 203 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1153) is amended by striking subsection (c). (g) Technical and conforming amendments.—Title II of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1151 et seq.) is amended— (1) in section 201— (A) in subsection (a)— (i) in paragraph (1), by adding “and” at the end; (ii) in paragraph (2), by striking “; and” and inserting a period; and (iii) by striking paragraph (3); and (B) by striking subsection (e); (2) in section 203— (A) by striking subsection (c); (B) in subsection (d), by striking “subsection (a), (b), or (c)” and inserting “subsection (a) or (b)”; (C) in subsection (e)— (i) by striking paragraph (2); and (ii) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (2); (D) in subsection (f), by striking “subsection (a), (b), or (c) of this section” and inserting “subsection (a) or (b)”; (E) in subsection (g), by striking “subsections (a), (b), and (c)” and inserting “subsections (a) and (b)”; and (F) in subsection (h)(2)(B), by striking “subsection (a), (b), or (c)” and inserting “subsection (a) or (b)”; and (3) in section 204— (A) in subsection (a)(1), by striking subparagraph (I); (B) in subsection (e), by striking “subsection (a), (b), or (c)” and inserting “subsection (a) or (b)”; and (C) in subsection (l)(2)(B), by striking “section 203 (a) or (d)” and inserting “subsection (a) or (d) of section 203”. (h) Definition.—Terms used in this Act have the meaning given such terms under section 101(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act. TITLE VII—Regulation for the Deficit Act of 2026 Sec. 701. Clean water regulations reform. (a) In general.—A new section 1331 of Title 33 is created as follows: “Clean water for humans, human drinking water, and edible sea life” “(a) The pollution of waters with any substance or chemical which may harm the health of humans, human drinking water, or edible sea life within the territory or exclusive economic zone shall be prohibited and punished by a fine not exceeding $12,000,000, twelve years imprisonment, or both. “(b) The Environmental Protection Agency is authorized to establish regulations to ensure that products inflict minimal or zero damage upon edible sea life within U.S. waters. “(c) The Food and Drug Administration is authorized to establish regulations to minimize maritime pollution caused by food and drug products which may cause damage to the health of edible sea life or humans, including outright prohibition of products which inherently cause pollution. “(d) States, persons, counties, and municipalities have standing to file suit to mandate enforcement of this Section or claim inadequate regulation. “(e) This Section preempts all relevant state, territorial, tribal, or other laws or ordinances. “(f) This Section shall” (b) Effective date.—This section shall take effect sixty days after its enactment. Sec. 702. Increased penalty for misleading domains. (a) In general.—18 U.S.C. Sec. 2252C is amended as follows: (1) in subsection (a), by striking “10 years” and inserting “15 years”, (2) in subsection (b), by striking “20” and inserting “40” and inserting “double the amount relative to that which would be fined under subsection (a) of this section” after “shall be fined”, (3) by amending subsection 18 U.S.C. Sec. 2252C(c) as follows: “(c) Construction.—For the purposes of this section, any claim that the identity of a person who is recorded nude or performing any obscene act or any act involving excretory functions has been verified (including by means of providing means to provide payment for any recordings of nudity, obscene acts, of excretory functions of such person) shall be regarded as implying that such person is legally capable of consenting to all acts depicted and the recording of such acts.” (b) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall become effective 60 days after the enactment of this Act. Sec. 703. Bad Samaritan Liability. (a) In general.—47 U.S. Code Sec. 230 is amended as follows: (1) In subparagraph (c)(2)(A), by replacing “objectionable” with “in violation of a terms of service”. (2) By adding a new paragraph (c)(3) as follows: “(3) Bad Samaritan liability.—Paragraph (c)(2) shall not apply to any provider or user of an interactive computer service which does not meet the good faith definition of this section.”. (3) In subsection (e), by adding the following new paragraph: “(6) Effects on other laws.—Nothing in this section shall be construed to impair the enforcement of any act relating to antitrust, securities or investor protection, incitement of violence or riots, terrorism, child abuse, cyberstalking or gangstalking, any law restricting obscenity, nudity, or lewdness.”. (4) By adding a new paragraph numbered (f)(5), as follows: “(5) Good faith.—The term “good faith” shall refer to the consistent enforcement of a terms of service which prohibits obscenity and unlawful materials (including all laws not affected by this section), refraint from facilitation or solicitation of content which would violate such terms, refraint from the intentional prohibition of information sources which have not made a payment or settlement for libel or any other unlawful false statement while permitting information sources that have made such payments or settlements, and doing so for a minimum of ten continuous years prior to the enactment of this definition or for a minimum of ten continuous years after the enactment of this section.”. (b) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall become effective 60 days after the enactment of this Act. Sec. 704. ESG reform. (a) Short title.—This Section may be cited as the “Conservative Stewardship and Values Investing Act of 2026”. (b) Findings.—Congress finds the following: (1) Environmental, Social, and Governance criteria, as currently applied, often prioritize leftist agendas that undermine free markets, promote socialist wealth redistribution, and impose progressive ideologies contrary to traditional American values. (2) Reforming these criteria to support agricultural resilience, pro-life initiatives, anti-socialist economic policies, opposition to leftist censorship, and protections against discrimination will enhance national security, shareholder rights, and economic freedom. (3) Such reforms will promote voluntary stewardship of working lands, ethical community standards rooted in faith and meritocracy, accountable corporate leadership that resists leftist activism, and safeguards against government overreach or ideological mandates. (c) Purposes.—The purposes of this Act are: (1) To redefine the Environmental pillar to prioritize support for agriculture, aquaculture, horticulture, and related rural industries while opposing leftist environmental extremism that burdens economic productivity. (2) To redefine the Social pillar to advance anti-abortion measures, traditional family values, and faith-based initiatives while excluding diversity, equity, and inclusion quotas, LGBT advocacy, or socialist equity programs. (3) To redefine the Governance pillar to protect against discrimination targeting White American Christian males, strengthen national security in corporate decisions, safeguard shareholder rights against leftist censorship, and promote free market principles over government intervention. (d) Definitions.—In this Act: (1) The term “ESG criteria” means any framework, rating, or disclosure standard related to environmental, social, or governance factors used by public companies, investment funds, or fiduciaries. (2) The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of the Treasury, acting through the Securities and Exchange Commission where applicable. (e) Reform of Criteria.—Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(s) Environmental Disclosures.— “(1) In General.—In any ESG criteria or related disclosure, the environmental component shall prioritize support for agriculture, aquaculture, horticulture, and related rural industries, including soil health practices, water efficiency for irrigation, habitat incentives on private lands, domestic food security measures, and opposition to leftist regulatory burdens that hinder free market innovation. “(2) Exclusions.—Such criteria shall exclude speculative climate models, anti-fossil-fuel biases, mandates that promote socialist central planning, or any leftist extremism that burdens productive land use or economic growth. “(3) Incentives.—The Commission shall establish rules providing voluntary certifications and tax incentives under section 45 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 for investments aligning with these priorities, including those that resist government overreach in environmental policy.”. (f) Reform of Social Criteria.—Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m), as amended by section 5, is further amended by adding at the end the following: “(t) Social Disclosures.— “(1) In General.—In any ESG criteria or related disclosure, the social component shall prioritize anti-abortion policies, support for traditional family structures, faith-based initiatives, and opposition to leftist ideologies that promote social division or wealth redistribution. “(2) Exclusions.—Such criteria shall exclude diversity, equity, and inclusion quotas, LGBT advocacy, socialist equity programs, or any policies advancing non-traditional family norms or progressive activism. “(3) Incentives.—The Commission shall establish rules providing tax deductions under section 170 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 for investments in companies advancing these priorities, including those that resist leftist mandates on social engineering.”. (g) Reform of Governance Criteria.—Section 404 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 1104) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(f) Governance Standards.— “(1) In General.—In any ESG criteria or related disclosure, the governance component shall prioritize protections against discrimination targeting White American Christian males, national security vetting of boards and supply chains, shareholder rights including prohibitions on leftist censorship of communications critical of executives, promotion of free market principles, and opposition to socialist or government intervention in corporate affairs. “(2) Merit-Based Protections.—Such criteria shall require merit-based hiring and promotions without quotas, safeguards for religious freedoms under the Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993, and measures to prevent leftist activism from entrenching executive power or suppressing dissent. “(3) Enforcement.—The Secretary of Labor shall impose penalties for violations, including fines up to $100,000 per instance of censorship, discrimination, or promotion of leftist ideologies contrary to free market values.”. (h) Rulemaking Authority.—The Securities and Exchange Commission and the Secretary of Labor shall issue regulations to implement this Act not later than 180 days after the date of enactment. (i) Clerical Amendments.— (1) The table of contents for the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 13(r) the following: “Sec. 13(s). Environmental Disclosures. “Sec. 13(t). Social Disclosures.”. (2) The table of contents for the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 404(e) the following: “Sec. 404(f). Governance Standards.”. (j) Effective Date.—This Act shall take effect 90 days after the date of enactment. Sec. 705. Amendments to the family and medical leave act of 1993. (a) In general.—Section 104(c)(2)(B) of the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (29 U.S.C. 2614(c)(2)(B)) is amended— (1) in clause (i), by striking the “or” at the end; (2) by redesignating clause (ii) as clause (iii); and (3) by inserting after clause (i) the following: “(ii) the birth of a son or daughter of the employee; or”. (b) Notice.—Section 104(c) of the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (29 U.S.C. 2614(c)) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(4) NOTICE REGARDING OPTION TO NOT RETURN FROM LEAVE.—An employer shall notify any eligible employee that takes leave for the birth of a son or daughter of the employee that the employer may not recover any premium described in paragraph (2) that the employer paid for maintaining coverage for the employee if the employee fails to return due to such birth.”. Sec. 706. Destruction of adulterated, misbranded, or counterfeit tobacco products offered for import. (a) In general.—Section 801(a) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 381(a)) is amended— (1) in the fourth sentence, by striking “or counterfeit device” and inserting “, counterfeit device, or counterfeit tobacco product (as defined in section 900)”; and (2) by striking “drug or device” each place it appears in the seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth sentences and inserting “drug, device, or tobacco product”. (b) Applicability.—The amendments made by subsection (a) shall apply beginning on the date of enactment of this Act. Sec. 707. Regulation of human cadaveric islet transplants. (a) In general.—Section 374(d)(2) of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 274b(d)(2)) is amended by striking “pancreas,” and inserting “and pancreas, human cadaveric islets,”. (b) Clarification.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, none of the following terms includes human cadaveric islets: (1) The term “drug”, as defined in section 201(g) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321(g)). (2) The term “biological product”, as defined in section 351(i) of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 262(i)). (3) The term “human cells, tissues, or cellular or tissue-based products (HCT/Ps)”, as defined in section 1271.3 of title 21, Code of Federal Regulations (or any successor regulations). (c) Regulations.— (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Health and Human Services (referred to in this section as the “Secretary”) shall update regulations promulgated under parts F, G, and H of title III of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 262 et seq., 264 et seq., 273 et seq.) and the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.), and such other regulations as the Secretary determines appropriate, to carry out the amendment made by subsection (a). (2) REPORT.—Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall report to Congress on the progress made in updating regulations as required under paragraph (1). Sec. 708. Amendments to Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998. (a) Definitions.—Section 1302 of the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998 (15 U.S.C. 6501) is amended— (1) by amending paragraph (2) to read as follows: “(2) OPERATOR.—The term ‘operator’— “(A) means any person— “(i) who, for commercial purposes, operates or provides a website, an online service, an online application, or a mobile application; and “(ii) who— “(I) collects or maintains, either directly or through a service provider, personal information of users of the website, service, or application; “(II) allows another person to collect personal information directly from users of the website, service, or application (in which case, the operator is deemed to have collected the information); or “(III) allows users of the website, service, or application to publicly disclose personal information (in which case, the operator is deemed to have collected the information); and “(B) does not include any organization described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of such Code.”; (2) in paragraph (4)— (A) by amending subparagraph (A) to read as follows: “(A) the release of personal information collected from a child or teen by an operator for any purpose, except if the personal information is provided to a person other than an operator who— “(i) provides support for the internal operations of the website, online service, online application, or mobile application of the operator, excluding any activity relating to individual-specific advertising provided to children or teens; and “(ii) does not disclose or use the personal information for any other purpose; and”; and (B) in subparagraph (B)— (i) in the matter preceding clause (i)— (I) by inserting “or teen” after “child” each place the term appears; (II) by striking “website or online service” and inserting “website, online service, online application, or mobile application”; and (III) by striking “actual knowledge” and inserting “knowledge”; and (ii) in clause (i), by striking “a website” and inserting “such a website, service, or application”; (3) by amending paragraph (8) to read as follows: “(8) PERSONAL INFORMATION.— “(A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘personal information’ means individually identifiable information about an individual collected online, including— “(i) a first and last name; “(ii) a home or other physical address, including a street name and a name of a city or town; “(iii) an e-mail address; “(iv) a telephone number; “(v) a Social Security number; “(vi) a persistent identifier that can be used to recognize a specific child or teen over time and across different websites, online services, online applications, or mobile applications, that— “(I) includes— “(aa) a customer number held in a cookie; “(bb) an Internet Protocol (IP) address; “(cc) a processor or device serial number; and “(dd) a unique device identifier; and “(II) excludes an identifier that is used by an operator solely for providing support for the internal operations of a website, online service, online application, or mobile application of the operator; “(vii) a photograph, video, or audio file that contains the image or voice of a child or teen; “(viii) geolocation information; “(ix) information generated from the measurement or technological processing of the biological, physical, or physiological characteristics of an individual, including— “(I) fingerprints; “(II) voice prints; “(III) iris or retina imagery scans; “(IV) facial templates; “(V) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) information; and “(VI) gait; “(x) information linked or reasonably linkable to a child or teen or a parent of a child or teen (including any unique identifier) that an operator collects online from the child or teen and combines with an identifier described in this subparagraph; and “(xi) any other identifier that the Commission determines permits the physical or online contacting of an individual. “(B) EXCLUSION.—The term ‘personal information’ does not include an audio file that contains the voice of a child or teen if the operator— “(i) does not request information via voice that would otherwise be considered personal information under this paragraph; “(ii) provides clear notice in the privacy policy of a website, online service, online application, or mobile application of the operator regarding— “(I) the collection and use of such an audio file; and “(II) the deletion policy relating to such an audio file; “(iii) only uses the voice contained in the audio file as a replacement for written words to perform a task or otherwise engage with such website, service, or application, including by conducting a search or fulfilling a verbal instruction or request; “(iv) only maintains the audio file during the period necessary to complete the relevant task or engagement; “(v) does not make any other use of the audio file during such period; and “(vi) deletes the audio file at the end of such period. “(C) SUPPORT FOR THE INTERNAL OPERATIONS OF A WEBSITE, ONLINE SERVICE, ONLINE APPLICATION, OR MOBILE APPLICATION.— “(i) IN GENERAL.—For purposes of subparagraph (A)(vi)(II), the term ‘support for the internal operations of a website, online service, online application, or mobile application’ means the activities necessary to such website, service, or application to— “(I) maintain or analyze functioning; “(II) perform network communications; “(III) authenticate users; “(IV) personalize content; “(V) serve contextual advertising to users (if any persistent identifier is only used as necessary for technical purposes to serve the contextual advertisement or cap the frequency of contextual advertising); “(VI) protect— “(aa) the integrity of the website, service, or application; or “(bb) the personal information or security of users; “(VII) ensure compliance with Federal or State law; and “(VIII) fulfill a request of a child or teen under subparagraph (A), (B), or (C) of section 1303(b)(2). “(ii) CONDITION.—Except as permitted under clause (i), information collected through the activities described in clause (i) may not be used or disclosed to contact an individual (including through individual-specific advertising provided to children or teens), to amass a profile on an individual, in connection with processes that encourage or prompt use of a website or online service, or for any other purpose.”; (4) by amending paragraph (9) to read as follows: “(9) VERIFIABLE CONSENT.—The term ‘verifiable consent’ means any reasonable effort (taking into consideration available technology) by an operator, including a request for authorization for future collection, use, and disclosure of personal information, to ensure that a parent of a child (in the case of a child) or a teen (in the case of a teen)— “(A) receives direct notice of the collection, use, and disclosure practices of the operator with respect to personal information; and “(B) before the personal information of the child or teen is collected, freely and unambiguously authorizes— “(i) the collection, use, and disclosure, as applicable, of the personal information; and “(ii) any subsequent use of the personal information.”; (5) in paragraph (10)— (A) in the heading, by striking “Website or online service directed to children” and inserting “Website, online service, online application, or mobile application directed to children”; (B) by striking “website or online service directed to children” each place it appears and inserting “website, online service, online application, or mobile application directed to children”; (C) by striking “commercial website or online service” each place it appears and inserting “website, online service, online application, or mobile application”; and (D) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph: “(C) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—In considering whether a website, online service, online application, or mobile application, or a portion thereof, is directed to children, the Commission shall apply a totality of circumstances test considering competent and reliable evidence regarding the intended audience of the website, service, or application.”; and (6) by adding at the end the following: “(13) ONLINE APPLICATION.—The term ‘online application’ means an internet-connected software program. “(14) MOBILE APPLICATION.—The term ‘mobile application’ means a software program that runs on the operating system of— “(A) a cellular telephone; “(B) a tablet computer; or “(C) a similar portable computing device that transmits data over a wireless connection. “(15) GEOLOCATION INFORMATION.—The term ‘geolocation information’ means information sufficient to identify a street name and name of a city or town. “(16) TEEN.—The term ‘teen’ means an individual over the age of 12 and under the age of 17. “(17) HIGH-IMPACT SOCIAL MEDIA COMPANY.—The term ‘high-impact social media company’ means a website, online service, online application, or mobile application of an operator that— “(A) generates $3,000,000,000 or more in annual revenue, including any revenue generated by any affiliate of such operator; “(B) has 300,000,000 or more monthly active users for not fewer than 3 of the preceding 12 months on the website, online service, online application, or mobile application of such operator; and “(C) constitutes an online product or service that is primarily used by users to access or share user-generated content. “(18) KNOWLEDGE.—The term ‘knowledge’ means— “(A) with respect to a high-impact social media company, the operator has actual knowledge, or willfully disregarded information that would lead a reasonable and prudent person to determine, that a user is a child or teen; and “(B) with respect to an operator that does not meet the requirements of subparagraph (A), actual knowledge. “(19) INDIVIDUAL-SPECIFIC ADVERTISING TO CHILDREN OR TEENS.— “(A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘individual-specific advertising to children or teens’ means advertising or any other effort to market a product or service that is directed to a child or teen based on— “(i) personal information of— “(I) the child or teen; or “(II) a group of children or teens who are similar in sex, age, household income level, race, or ethnicity to the child or teen to whom the product or service is marketed; or “(ii) profiling of such child or teen or group of children or teens. “(B) EXCLUSIONS.—The term ‘individual-specific advertising to children or teens’ does not include— “(i) advertising or marketing to an individual or to a device of an individual in response to a request by the individual for information or feedback, such as a search query by a child or teen; “(ii) contextual advertising, including if an advertisement is displayed based on the content of the website, online service, online application, or mobile application on which the advertisement appears and does not vary based on personal information of an individual who views the advertisement; “(iii) processing personal information solely for measuring or reporting advertising or content performance, reach, or frequency, including through independent measurement; or “(iv) advertising or marketing directed to a device used by both adult and child or teen members of a household, if such advertising or marketing is directed only to services accessible through an adult user profile. “(C) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in subparagraph (A) may be construed to prohibit an operator with knowledge that a user is a child or teen from delivering advertising or marketing that is age-appropriate and intended for a child or teen audience, if the operator does not use any personal information other than whether the user is a child or teen. “(20) EDUCATIONAL AGENCY OR INSTITUTION.—The term ‘educational agency or institution’ means— “(A) a State educational agency or a local educational agency (as such terms are defined in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801)); and “(B) an elementary school or secondary school (as such terms are defined in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801)).”. (b) Online collection, use, disclosure, and deletion of personal information of children and teens.—Section 1303 of the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998 (15 U.S.C. 6502) is amended— (1) by striking the heading and inserting the following: “Online collection, use, disclosure, and deletion of personal information of children and teens.”; (2) in subsection (a)— (A) by amending paragraph (1) to read as follows: “(1) IN GENERAL.—It is unlawful for an operator of a website, online service, online application, or mobile application directed to children or for any operator of a website, online service, online application, or mobile application with knowledge that a user of such website, service, or application is a child or teen— “(A) to collect personal information from a child or teen in a manner that violates the regulations promulgated under subsection (b); “(B) to collect, use, disclose to third parties, or maintain personal information of a child or teen for the purpose of providing individual-specific advertising to children or teens (or to allow another person to collect, use, disclose, or maintain such information for such purpose); “(C) to collect personal information of a child or teen, except if the collection of the personal information is— “(i) consistent with the context of a particular transaction or service or the relationship of the child or teen with the operator, including any collection necessary to fulfill a transaction or provide a product or service requested by the child or teen; or “(ii) authorized or required by Federal or State law; “(D) to retain the personal information of a child or teen for longer than is reasonably necessary to fulfill a transaction or provide a service requested by the child or teen, except as authorized or required by Federal or State law; or “(E) with respect to the personal information of a child or teen— “(i) to store such information in a covered nation (as defined in section 4872(f) of title 10, United States Code), unless notice of such storage is provided to the parent of such child or to such teen, as the case may be; “(ii) to transfer such information to such a nation, unless notice of such transfer is provided to the parent of such child or to such teen, as the case may be; or “(iii) to provide such a nation with access to such information, unless notice of such access is provided to the parent of such child or to such teen, as the case may be.”; and (B) in paragraph (2)— (i) in the heading, by striking “parent” and inserting “parent or teen”; (ii) by striking “an operator of such a website or online service nor the operator’s agent” and inserting “an operator of such a website, service, or application nor an agent of such an operator”; and (iii) by striking “subsection (b)(1)(B)(iii) to the parent of a child” and inserting “subsection (b)(1)(B)(iv) to a parent of a child or under subsection (b)(1)(C)(iv) to a teen”; (3) in subsection (b)— (A) in paragraph (1)— (i) in subparagraph (A)— (I) in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking “the operator of any website” and all that follows through “from a child” and inserting “an operator of a website, online service, online application, or mobile application directed to children or that has knowledge that a user is a child or teen”; (II) in clause (i)— (aa) by striking “notice on the website” and inserting “clear and conspicuous notice on the website, service, or application”; (bb) by inserting “or teens” after “children”; (cc) by striking “, and the operator’s disclosure practices” and inserting “, the disclosure practices of the operator”; and (dd) by striking “; and” and inserting “, the rights and opportunities available to a parent of a child or teen and a teen under subparagraphs (B) and (C), and the procedures or mechanisms the operator uses to ensure that personal information is not collected from children or teens (except as permitted by the regulations promulgated under this subsection);”; (III) in clause (ii)— (aa) by striking “parental”; (bb) by inserting “or teens” after “children”; and (cc) by striking the semicolon at the end and inserting “; and”; and (IV) by inserting after clause (ii) the following new clause: “(iii) to obtain verifiable consent from a parent of a child (in the case of a child) or from a teen (in the case of a teen) before using or disclosing personal information of the child or teen for any purpose that is a material change from how the operator uses such information or from the disclosure practices specified to the parent of the child or the teen under clause (i);”; (ii) in subparagraph (B)— (I) in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking “that website or online service” and inserting “the operator”; (II) in clause (i), by striking “that operator” and inserting “the operator, the method by which the operator obtains the personal information, and the purposes for which the operator collects, uses, discloses, and retains the personal information” before the semicolon; (III) in clause (ii)— (aa) by inserting “to delete personal information collected from the child or content or information submitted by the child to a website, online service, online application, or mobile application of the operator and” after “the opportunity at any time”; and (bb) by striking “from that child; and” and inserting “of the child;”; (IV) by redesignating clause (iii) as clause (iv) and inserting after clause (ii) the following new clause: “(iii) the opportunity to challenge the accuracy of the personal information and, if the parent of the child establishes the inaccuracy of the personal information, to have the inaccurate personal information corrected; and”; and (V) in clause (iv), as so redesignated, by striking “from that child;” and inserting “of the child, if such information is available to the operator at the time the parent makes the request;”; (iii) by redesignating subparagraphs (C) and (D) as subparagraphs (D) and (E), respectively; (iv) by inserting after subparagraph (B) the following new subparagraph: “(C) require the operator, upon the request of a teen (or a parent of the teen) who has provided personal information to the operator, to provide to the teen or parent (upon authentication of the teen or parent through reasonable means)— “(i) a description of the specific types of personal information collected from the teen by the operator, the method by which the operator obtains the personal information, and the purposes for which the operator collects, uses, discloses, and retains the personal information; “(ii) the opportunity at any time to delete personal information collected from the teen or content or information submitted by the teen to a website, online service, online application, or mobile application of the operator; “(iii) the ability to refuse to permit the operator any further use or maintenance, in retrievable form or online collection, of personal information of the teen; “(iv) the opportunity to challenge the accuracy of the personal information and, if the teen or parent establishes the inaccuracy of the personal information, to have such inaccurate personal information corrected; and “(v) notwithstanding any other provision of law, a means that is reasonable under the circumstances for the teen or parent to obtain any personal information collected from the teen, if such information is available to the operator at the time the teen or parent makes the request;”; (v) in subparagraph (D), as so redesignated— (I) by striking “a child’s participation” and inserting “the participation of a child or teen”; and (II) by inserting “or teen” after “the child”; and (vi) by amending subparagraph (E), as so redesignated, to read as follows: “(E) require the operator— “(i) to establish, implement, and maintain reasonable security practices to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and accessibility of personal information of children or teens collected by the operator; and “(ii) to protect such personal information against unauthorized access.”; (B) in paragraph (2)— (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking “verifiable parental consent” and inserting “verifiable consent”; (ii) in subparagraph (A)— (I) by inserting “or teen” after “collected from a child”; (II) by inserting “or teen” after “request from the child”; and (III) by inserting “or teen or to contact another child or teen” after “to recontact the child”; (iii) in subparagraph (B)— (I) by striking “parent or child” and inserting “parent or teen”; and (II) by striking “parental consent” each place the term appears and inserting “verifiable consent”; (iv) in subparagraph (C)— (I) in the matter preceding clause (i), by inserting “or teen” after “child” each place the term appears; (II) in clause (i)— (aa) by inserting “or teen” after “child” each place the term appears; and (bb) by inserting “or teen, as applicable,” after “parent” each place the term appears; and (III) in clause (ii)— (aa) by inserting “or teen, as applicable,” after “parent”; and (bb) by inserting “or teen” after “child” each place the term appears; (v) in subparagraph (D)— (I) in the matter preceding clause (i)— (aa) by inserting “or teen” after “child” each place the term appears; and (bb) by striking “participant on the site” and inserting “who is a user of a website, online service, online application, or mobile application”; (II) in clause (ii), by inserting “or teen” after “child”; (III) in clause (iii), by striking “site” and inserting “website, service, or application”; and (IV) in the flush text following clause (iii)— (aa) by inserting “or teen, as applicable,” after “parent” each place the term appears; and (bb) by inserting “or teen” after “child”; and (vi) in subparagraph (E)— (I) in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking “website or online service” and insert “website, service, or application”; and (II) in clause (i), by striking “its website” and inserting “the website, service, or application”; (C) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (4) and inserting after paragraph (2) the following new paragraph: “(3) APPLICATION TO OPERATORS ACTING UNDER AGREEMENTS WITH EDUCATIONAL AGENCIES OR INSTITUTIONS.—The regulations promulgated under this subsection may provide that verifiable consent under paragraph (1)(A)(ii) is not required for an operator that acts under a written agreement with an educational agency or institution that requires— “(A) the operator to— “(i) limit the collection, use, and disclosure by the operator of the personal information of a child or teen who is a student served by the educational agency or institution to solely educational purposes and for no other commercial purposes; “(ii) provide notice to the educational agency or institution regarding the specific types of personal information the operator collects from such a child or teen, the method by which the operator obtains the personal information, and the purposes for which the operator collects, uses, discloses, and retains the personal information; “(iii) provide to the educational agency or institution a link regarding the disclosure practices of the operator described in subsection (b)(1)(A)(i); and “(iv) upon request by the educational agency or institution— “(I) provide the educational agency or institution with a means to review the personal information collected from such a child or teen; “(II) prevent any further use, maintenance, or collection of personal information of such a child or teen; and “(III) delete personal information collected from such a child or teen or content or information submitted by such a child or teen to the website, online service, online application, or mobile application of the operator; “(B) a representative of the educational agency or institution to provide— “(i) the name of the representative; “(ii) the title of the representative at the educational agency or institution; and “(iii) an acknowledgment that the representative has authority to permit the collection, use, and disclosure of personal information of children or teens who are students served by the educational agency or institution on behalf of the educational agency or institution; and “(C) the educational agency or institution to— “(i) provide on a publicly available website of the educational agency or institution a notice that— “(I) identifies the operator with which the educational agency or institution has entered into a written agreement under this paragraph; and “(II) includes the link described in subparagraph (A)(iii); “(ii) upon request, provide the notice described in subparagraph (A)(ii) to a parent (in the case of a child who is a student served by the educational agency or institution) or a parent or teen (in the case of a teen who is a student served by the educational agency or institution); and “(iii) upon the request of a parent (in the case of such a child) or a parent or teen (in the case of such a teen), request the operator provide a means to review the personal information of such child or teen and provide such parent or teen a means to review the personal information.”; (D) by amending paragraph (4), as so redesignated, to read as follows: “(4) TERMINATION OF SERVICE.—The regulations promulgated under this subsection shall permit an operator to terminate service provided to a child for whom a parent has refused or a teen who has refused (under the regulations promulgated under paragraphs (1)(B)(ii) and (1)(C)(ii), respectively) to permit the operator any further use or maintenance, in retrievable form or online collection, of personal information of the child or teen.”; and (E) by adding at the end the following new paragraphs: “(5) CONTINUATION OF SERVICE.—The regulations promulgated under this subsection shall prohibit an operator from discontinuing service provided to a child or teen on the basis of a request by a parent of the child or by the teen (under the regulations promulgated under paragraphs (1)(B)(ii) and (1)(C)(ii), respectively) to delete personal information collected from the child or teen, to the extent that the operator is capable of providing such service without such information. “(6) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—A request to delete or correct personal information of a child or teen (under the regulations promulgated under paragraphs (1)(B) or (1)(C), respectively) may not be construed— “(A) to limit the authority of a law enforcement agency to obtain any content or information from an operator pursuant to a lawfully executed warrant or an order of a court of competent jurisdiction; “(B) to require an operator to delete or correct information that— “(i) the operator is required to maintain under any other provision of Federal or State law; or “(ii) was submitted to the website, online service, online application, or mobile application of the operator by any person other than the user who has requested that the content or information be deleted or corrected, including content or information submitted by the user that was republished or resubmitted by another person; or “(C) to prohibit an operator from— “(i) retaining a record of the request for deletion or correction and the information necessary to comply with a request made under the regulations promulgated under paragraphs (1)(B) or (1)(C); “(ii) preventing, detecting, protecting against, or responding to security incidents, identity theft, or fraud, or reporting a person responsible for any such action; “(iii) protecting the integrity or security of a website, online service, online application, or mobile application of the operator; or “(iv) ensuring that the personal information of the child or teen remains deleted. “(7) COMMON VERIFIABLE CONSENT MECHANISM.— “(A) IN GENERAL.— “(i) FEASIBILITY OF MECHANISM.—The Commission, with notice and public comment, shall assess the feasibility of allowing an operator to use a common verifiable consent mechanism that meets the requirements of this title. “(ii) REQUIREMENTS.—The feasibility assessment required by clause (i) shall consider whether a single operator could use a common verifiable consent mechanism to obtain verifiable consent from a parent of a child or from a teen on behalf of multiple, listed operators that provide a joint or related service. “(B) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this paragraph, the Commission shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives a report detailing the results of the feasibility assessment required by subparagraph (A)(i). “(C) REGULATIONS.—If the Commission determines in the feasibility assessment required by subparagraph (A)(i) that the use of a common verifiable consent mechanism is feasible and meets the requirements of this title, the Commission shall promulgate regulations to permit the use of such a common verifiable consent mechanism in accordance with such determination.”; (4) in subsection (c), by striking “a regulation prescribed under subsection (a)” and inserting “subsection (a)(1) or a regulation promulgated under subsection (b)”; and (5) by amending subsection (d) to read as follows: “(d) Preemption.—No State, or political subdivision of a State, may maintain, enforce, prescribe, or continue in effect any law, rule, regulation, requirement, standard, or other provision having the force and effect of law that relates to the provisions of this Act.”. (c) Safe harbors.—Section 1304 of the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998 (15 U.S.C. 6503) is amended— (1) in subsection (b)(1), by inserting “and teens” after “children”; and (2) by adding at the end the following: “(d) Publication.— “(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), the Commission shall publish on the website of the Commission any report or documentation required under this title to be submitted to the Commission. “(2) RESTRICTIONS ON PUBLICATION.—Notwithstanding the publication requirement described in paragraph (1), the restrictions described in sections 6(f) and 21 of the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 46(f); 57b–2) applicable to the disclosure of information obtained by the Commission shall apply in the same manner to any publication under paragraph (1).”. (d) Actions by States.—Section 1305 of the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998 (15 U.S.C. 6504) is amended— (1) in subsection (a)(1)— (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by inserting “section 1303(a)(1) or” before “any regulation”; and (B) in subparagraph (B), by inserting “section 1303(a)(1) or” before “the regulation”; and (2) in subsection (d)— (A) by inserting “section 1303(a)(1) or” before “any regulation”; and (B) by inserting “section 1303(a)(1) or” before “that regulation”. (e) Administration and applicability of Act.—Section 1306 of the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998 (15 U.S.C. 6505) is amended— (1) in subsection (d)— (A) by striking “a rule of the Commission under section 1303” and inserting “section 1303(a)(1) or a regulation promulgated under section 1303(b)”; and (B) by striking “such rule” and inserting “such section or such regulation”; and (2) by adding at the end the following new subsection: “(f) Additional requirement.—Any regulation promulgated under this title shall include a description and analysis of the impact of proposed and final rules on small entities per the Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980 (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.).”. (f) Oversight report.—Not later than 3 years after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Federal Trade Commission shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives a report detailing the processes of high-impact social media companies to ensure that, for such companies that are websites, online services, online applications, or mobile applications directed to children, such websites, services, or applications operate in accordance with this Act, including the amendments made by this Act and the regulations promulgated under this Act. (g) Enforcement report.—Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Federal Trade Commission shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives a report that details the following: (1) The number of actions brought by the Commission during the reporting year to enforce the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998 (15 U.S.C. 6501) (referred to in this subsection as the “Act”) and the outcome of each such action. (2) The number of investigations or inquiries into potential violations of the Act during the reporting year. (3) The number of open investigations or inquiries into potential violations of the Act as of the date on which the report is submitted. (4) The number and nature of complaints received by the Commission relating to an allegation of a violation of the Act during the reporting year. Sec. 709. Prohibition on surrogacy arrangements involving sex offenders. (a) In general.—Chapter 109B of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: “Sec. 2250A. Surrogacy arrangements involving sex offenders “(a) A person who is a sex offender and, while required to register under the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act, uses an instrumentality of interstate or foreign commerce to enter into a surrogacy arrangement, with respect to a child carried in pregnancy by another person in consequence of carrying out the arrangement, with the intent to exercise the parental rights with respect to the child, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 18 years, or both. “(b) A person who uses an instrumentality of interstate or foreign commerce to enter into a surrogacy arrangement, with respect to a child carried in pregnancy by another person in consequence of carrying out the arrangement, with the intent to exercise the parental rights with respect to the child, and commits a sex offense, any part or element of which is committed in the period that begins with the use of the instrumentality and ends with the birth of the child, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 18 years, or both. “(c) In this section: “(1) The terms ‘sex offender’ and ‘sex offense’ have the meanings given the terms in section 111 of the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act (34 U.S.C. 20911). “(2) The term ‘surrogacy arrangement’ means any arrangement in which a person agrees to carry a child in pregnancy, which is not initiated at the time that the arrangement is made, with the expectation that— “(A) the person shall not exercise any parental rights with respect to the child; and “(B) another person who agrees to the arrangement shall exercise the parental rights with respect to the child.”. (b) Conforming amendment.—The table of sections for such chapter is amended by adding at the end the following: “2250A. Surrogacy arrangements involving sex offenders.”. Sec. 710. Mandatory paternity testing. (a) In general.—Section 1867 of the Social Security Act is amended by inserting the following new subsection at the end: “(j) No birth certificates shall be issued to children born to couples for whom paternity testing has not been conducted, unless no father is listed on such birth certificate. If the parents are not biological parents of the child, then they must not be marked as biological parents, but instead as responsible guardians, and the biological genetic donors involved with the conception of such child must be exempt from child support obligations.”. (b) Limitation of child support definition.—Section 228(d)(1)(A) of Title 18 of the United States Code is amended by inserting “, provided that such child is proven to be the biological child of such person via genetic testing or has legally adopted such child or voluntarily assumed the role of a responsible guardian of such child and such person is not a biological genetic donor” after “is living”. (c) Limitation of child support amount.—Section 228(d)(1)(B) of Title 18 of the United States Code is amended by inserting “, provided that such amount that has remained unpaid is an amount accruing at not greater than $700 per month” after “5,000”. (d) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall be effective after December 31, 2026. TITLE VIII—Tariff Act of 2026 Sec. 801. Postal Cost Equalization Tariff. (a) In general.—The following new section 506 is inserted at the end of chapter 5 of Part I of Title 39 of the United States Code: “Sec. 506. Postal Cost Equalization Tariff.—The Postal Regulatory Commission must investigate the costs of postal importation of packages and establish tariffs upon such imports which must go into effect on or before January 1, 2027, and the unused revenue gained from such tariffs must be used to refund couriers for the costs of transporting such postage.” (b) Effective date.—This section is effective immediately upon its enactment. Sec. 802. Ending tariff loopholes. (a) Clarification of country of origin criteria for enforcement action under trade agreements or in response to certain foreign trade practices.—Section 301(d) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2411(d)) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(10) (A) Any action taken by the Trade Representative under this section, with respect to a foreign adversary country, shall apply to any article that is produced, manufactured, or that underwent final assembly by a foreign adversary party or an entity owned, controlled, directed, or operated by a foreign adversary party, as if such article originated in the foreign adversary country. “(B) In this paragraph: “(i) The term ‘control’ has the meaning given that term in section 800.208 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the date of the enactment of the Stopping Adversarial Tariff Evasion Act). “(ii) The term ‘entity owned, controlled, directed, or operated by a foreign adversary party’ includes any entity for which, on any date during the most recent 12-month period, not less than 25 percent of the equity interests in such entity are held directly or indirectly by 1 or more foreign adversary parties including through— “(I) interests in co-investment vehicles, joint ventures, or similar arrangements; or “(II) a derivative financial instrument or contractual arrangement between the entity and a foreign adversary party, including any such instrument or contract that seeks to replicate any financial return with respect to such entity or interest in such entity. “(iii) The term ‘foreign adversary country’ means any of the following: “(I) The People’s Republic of China. “(II) The Syrian Arab Republic. “(III) The Islamic Republic of Iran. “(IV) The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. “(V) The Republic of Cuba. “(iv) The term ‘foreign adversary party’ means any of the following: “(I) The government of a foreign adversary country, including any agency, government instrumentality, official, or agent of such a government. “(II) Any entity organized under the laws of a foreign adversary country (or any political subdivision thereof). “(III) Any entity the headquarters of which is located within a foreign adversary country. “(IV) Any entity substantively involved in the industrial policies or military-civil fusion strategy of the People’s Republic of China, including by accepting funding from, performing a service for, or receiving a subsidy from the People’s Republic of China related to such policies or strategy.”. (b) Clarification of country of origin criteria for enforcement action by President after determination of import injury.—Section 203 of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2253) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(h) Application of action to foreign adversary parties.— “(1) Any action taken under this section shall apply to any article that is produced, manufactured, or that underwent final assembly by a foreign adversary party or an entity owned, controlled, directed, or operated by a foreign adversary party, as if such article originated in a foreign adversary country. “(2) In this subsection: “(A) The term ‘control’ has the meaning given that term in section 800.208 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the date of the enactment of the Stopping Adversarial Tariff Evasion Act). “(B) The term ‘entity owned, controlled, directed, or operated by a foreign adversary party’ includes any entity for which, on any date during the most recent 12-month period, not less than 25 percent of the equity interests in such entity are held directly or indirectly by 1 or more foreign adversary parties including through— “(i) interests in co-investment vehicles, joint ventures, or similar arrangements; or “(ii) a derivative financial instrument or contractual arrangement between the entity and a foreign adversary party, including any such instrument or contract that seeks to replicate any financial return with respect to such entity or interest in such entity. “(C) The term ‘foreign adversary country’ means any of the following: “(i) The People’s Republic of China. “(ii) The Syrian Arab Republic. “(iii) The Islamic Republic of Iran. “(iv) The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. “(v) The Republic of Cuba. “(D) The term ‘foreign adversary party’ means any of the following: “(i) The government of a foreign adversary country, including any agency, government instrumentality, official, or agent of such a government. “(ii) Any entity organized under the laws of a foreign adversary country (or any political subdivision thereof). “(iii) Any entity the headquarters of which is located within a foreign adversary country. “(iv) Any entity substantively involved in the industrial policies or military-civil fusion strategy of the People’s Republic of China, including by accepting funding from, performing a service for, or receiving a subsidy from the People’s Republic of China related to such policies or strategy.”. (c) Clarification of country of origin criteria for enforcement action to safeguard national security.—Section 232(c) of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 (19 U.S.C. 1862(c)) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(4) (A) Any action taken by the President under paragraph (1) shall apply to any article that is produced, manufactured, or that underwent final assembly by a foreign adversary party or an entity owned, controlled, directed, or operated by a foreign adversary party, as if such article originated in a foreign adversary country. “(B) For the purposes of this paragraph the following definitions apply: “(i) The term ‘control’ has the meaning given that term in section 800.208 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the date of the enactment of the Stopping Adversarial Tariff Evasion Act). “(ii) The term ‘entity owned, controlled, directed, or operated by a foreign adversary party’ includes any entity for which, on any date during the most recent 12-month period, not less than 25 percent of the equity interests in such entity are held directly or indirectly by 1 or more foreign adversary parties including through— “(I) interests in co-investment vehicles, joint ventures, or similar arrangements; or “(II) a derivative financial instrument or contractual arrangement between the entity and a foreign adversary party, including any such instrument or contract that seeks to replicate any financial return with respect to such entity or interest in such entity. “(iii) The term ‘foreign adversary country’ means any of the following: “(I) The People’s Republic of China. “(II) The Syrian Arab Republic. “(III) The Islamic Republic of Iran. “(IV) The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. “(V) The Republic of Cuba. “(iv) The term ‘foreign adversary party’ means any of the following: “(I) The government of a foreign adversary country, including any agency, government instrumentality, official, or agent of such a government. “(II) Any entity organized under the laws of a foreign adversary country (or any political subdivision thereof). “(III) Any entity the headquarters of which is located within a foreign adversary country. “(IV) Any entity substantively involved in the industrial policies or military-civil fusion strategy of the People’s Republic of China, including by accepting funding from, performing a service for, or receiving a subsidy from the People’s Republic of China related to such policies or strategy.”. Sec. 803. Emergency national security tariff powers. (a) In general.—Section 202 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act is amended by inserting the following new subsection (c): “(c) Any authorities or powers which would normally be granted in non-emergency circumstances to the President on similar grounds, including the national security, foreign policy, or economy of the United States, shall be available via the emergency powers provided by subsections (a) and (b) of this section, even if such authorities or powers are not outlined in section 1702 of this title.”. (b) Effective date.—This section is effective retroactively upon its enactment, including to the Executive Orders 13222 and 14256 of years 2001 and 2025 and to all other Presidential actions which invoked the International Emergency Economic Powers Act since its enactment as if part of the originally enacted statute. TITLE IX-Internal Revenue Act of 2026 Sec. 901. Tax on employers with employees receiving certain Federal benefits. (a) In general.—The Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by inserting after chapter 37 the following new chapter: “CHAPTER 38—EMPLOYERS WITH EMPLOYEES RECEIVING CERTAIN FEDERAL BENEFITS “Sec. 4501. Employers with employees receiving certain Federal benefits. “(a) Imposition of Corporate Welfare Tax.—There is hereby imposed on each large employer a tax equal to 100 percent of the qualified employee benefits with respect to such employer for the taxable year. “(b) Large employer.— “(1) IN GENERAL.—For purposes of this section, the term ‘large employer’ means, with respect to a calendar year, an employer who employed an average of at least 100 employees on business days during the preceding calendar year. “(2) RULES FOR DETERMINING EMPLOYER SIZE.—For purposes of this subsection: “(A) APPLICATION OF AGGREGATION RULE FOR EMPLOYERS.—All persons treated as a single employer under subsection (b), (c), (m), or (o) of section 414 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 shall be treated as 1 employer. “(B) EMPLOYERS NOT IN EXISTENCE IN PRECEDING YEAR.—In the case of an employer which was not in existence throughout the preceding calendar year, the determination of whether such employer is a large employer shall be based on the average number of employees that it is reasonably expected such employer will employ on business days in the current calendar year. “(C) PREDECESSORS.—Any reference in this subsection to an employer shall include a reference to any predecessor of such employer. “(c) Qualified employee benefits.—For purposes of this section: “(1) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘qualified employee benefits’ means, with respect to a person for a taxable year, the sum of the qualified Federal benefits received by individuals who are employees of such person for such taxable year. “(2) QUALIFIED FEDERAL BENEFITS.—The term ‘qualified Federal benefits’ means, with respect to an individual, the following: “(A) The dollar value of supplemental nutrition assistance for which the household (as defined in section 3(m) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008) that includes such individual is eligible. “(B) The dollar value of meals that such individual or dependents of such individual are eligible for under the school lunch program under the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act and the school breakfast program under section 4 of the Child Nutrition Act of 1966. “(C) The aggregate amount of the monthly assistance payments for rental of a dwelling unit that the household of such individual is a member of is eligible to have made on its behalf pursuant to section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937. “(D) The amount of payments made under section 1903 of the Social Security Act with respect to expenditures made by a State under a State Medicaid plan under title XIX of such Act (or a waiver of such plan) for medical assistance for such individual or for dependents of such individual. “(d) Employee.—For purposes of this section, the term ‘employee’ means— “(1) any full-time or part-time employee, “(2) any individual who is a full-time or part-time independent contractor (including any employee of such independent contractor) and provides services to the employer, unless— “(A) the individual is— “(i) free from control and direction in connection with the performance of the service, both under the contract for the performance of service and in fact, “(ii) the service is performed outside the usual course of the business of the employer, and “(iii) the individual is customarily engaged in an independently established trade, occupation, profession, or business of the same nature as that involved in the service performed, or “(B) the individual works for less than thirty-five hours per month, or “(C) the individual is hired to work as a background actor, and “(3) any individual who is a full-time or part-time joint employee, provided that the employer possess, reserves, or exercises sufficient direct or indirect control over the essential terms and conditions of employment of such employee. “(e) Regulations.—The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, and the Administrator of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out this chapter.”. (b) Clerical amendments.—The table of chapters for subtitle D of such Code is amended by inserting after the item relating to chapter 37 the following new item: “CHAPTER 38—EMPLOYERS WITH EMPLOYEES RECEIVING CERTAIN FEDERAL BENEFITS”. (c) Effective date.—The amendments made by this Act apply with respect to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2026. Sec. 902. Unlawful employment practices related to Federal benefits of applicants. (a) In general.—It shall be an unlawful employment practice for any large employer (as defined in section 4501(b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) to make inquiries of an applicant for employment, or otherwise seek information about such an applicant (including through the use of any form or application), relating to whether such applicant receives Federal benefits. (b) Enforcement.—A violation of subsection (a) shall be treated as, and enforced by the Secretary of Labor in the same manner as, a violation of section 6 of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 206), except that for purposes of section 15(b) of such Act (29 U.S.C. 215(b)), the employer shall be liable to the individual alleging the violation for any lost wages due the individual and an additional equal amount of liquidated damages. Sec. 903. Extension of OBBBA tax reform. (a) Senior deduction.—Section 151(d)(5)(C)(i) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking “, and before January 1, 2029”. (b) Overtime deduction.—Section 224(h) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is struck. (c) Tip deduction.—Section 223(h) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is struck. (d) TRUMP accounts.—Section 6434(c)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking “, and before January 1, 2029”. (e) Car interest.—Section 163(h)(4)(A) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking “, and before January 1, 2029”. (f) Clerical correction.—Section 163(h)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking “through 2028” and inserting “onward”. (e) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2028. Sec. 904. Denial of green energy tax benefits to companies connected to countries of concern. (a) In general.—Chapter 77 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new section: “Sec. 7531. Denial of green energy tax benefits to companies connected to countries of concern. “(a) In general.—In the case of any disqualified company, this title shall be applied without regard to sections 30C, 40, 40A, 40B, 45, 45Q, 45U, 45V, 45W, 45X, 45Y, 45Z, 48, 48C, 48E, 179D, 6426(c), 6426(d), 6426(e), and 6427(e). “(b) Disqualified company.—For purposes of this section— “(1) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘disqualified company’ means— “(A) any entity— “(i) controlled by the government of 1 or more countries of concern, or “(ii) organized under the laws of a country of concern, “(B) any entity controlled by an entity described in subparagraph (A), or “(C) any entity owned by an entity described in subparagraph (A), including any entity for which, on any date during the most recent 12-month period, not less than 25 percent of the equity interests in such entity are held directly or indirectly by 1 or more entities described in subparagraph (A), including through— “(i) interests in co-investment vehicles, joint ventures, or similar arrangements, or “(ii) any derivative financial instrument or contractual arrangement between the entity and an entity described in subparagraph (A), including any such instrument or contract that seeks to replicate any financial return with respect to such entity or interest in such entity. “(2) COUNTRY OF CONCERN.—The term ‘country of concern’ means— “(A) the People’s Republic of China, “(B) the Syrian Arab Republic, “(C) the Islamic Republic of Iran, “(D) the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, or “(E) the Republic of Cuba. “(3) CONTROL.—The term ‘control’ has the meaning given such term under section 954(d)(3), determined by treating the rules of section 958(a)(2) as applying to both foreign and domestic corporations, partnerships, trusts, and estates.”. (b) Clerical amendment.—The table of sections for chapter 77 of such Code is amended by adding at the end the following new item: “Sec. 7531. Denial of green energy tax benefits to companies connected to countries of concern.”. (c) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act. Sec. 905. Border wall trust fund. (a) Border wall trust fund.—At the end of subchapter III of chapter 33 of Title 31, United States Code, insert the following: “Sec. 3344. Border wall trust fund. “(a) Authority To receive gifts.—Notwithstanding section 3113, the Secretary of the Treasury may accept for the Government a gift of money on the condition that it be used to plan, design, construct, or maintain a barrier along the international border between the United States and Mexico. “(b) Trust fund.—Not later than 60 days after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary of the Treasury shall— “(1) establish an account, to be known as the ‘Border Wall Trust Fund’, into which money received as gifts under this section shall be deposited; and “(2) create a publicly accessible website to receive such gifts.”. (b) Clerical amendment.—The table of contents for chapter 33 of title 31, United States Code, is amended by inserting at the end the following: “3344. Border wall trust fund.”. Sec. 906. Vape tax. (a) In general.—At the end of section 5701 of Title 26, United States Code, insert the following: “(i) Other nicotine products.—On any nicotine product not taxed under subsections (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), or (g) of this section, there shall be imposed a tax of $1 per unit”. (b) Effective date.—This section shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2026. Sec. 907. Tobacco importation. (a) In general.—Pargraph (3) of subsection (a) of section 5731 of Title 26 of the United States Code is amended as follows: “(3) any person who imports or otherwise brings tobacco products or cigarette papers or tubes, or any processed tobacco, into the United States from a foreign country.”. (b) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2026. Sec. 908. Wager tax. (a) In general.—Paragraph (1) of subsection (a) of section 4401 of Title 26 of the United State Code is amended as follows: “(1) State authorized wagers.—There is imposed on any wager authorized under the law of the State in which accepted an excise tax equal to 2.5 percent of the amount of such wager.”. (b) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2026. Sec. 909. Excise tax on sexual services. (a) A new chapter 56 is established at the end of subtitle E of Title 26, U.S.C. titled “Sexual excise tax”. (b) At the beginning of chapter 56, subtitle E, Title 26, U.S.C., insert the following: “Sec. 5901. Sexual excise tax” “(a) Imposition of tax. “(1) Pornography.—There is imposed on any legal transaction involving any depiction of sexually explicit conduct, including any subscription to a website where customers spend money in exchange for regular sexual content or where the majority of content creators produce sexual content, authorized under the law of the State in which accepted an excise tax equal to 25 percent of the amount of such transaction. “(2) Prostitution.—There is imposed on any legal transaction involving sexually explicit conduct an excise tax equal to 14 percent of the amount of such transaction. “(3) Illegal pornography and prostitution.—There is imposed on any illegal transaction involving sexually explicit conduct or any depiction thereof a tax of 80 percent. “(4) Advertisements on pornographic content.—There is imposed a tax on any transaction for an advertisement displayed in any media which contains any depiction of sexually explicit conduct (as defined by section 2256(2)(A) of Title 18) equal to 30 percent of such transaction. “(5) Advertisements of certain taxable products.—There is imposed a tax on any transaction purchasing or otherwise paying for the display of advertisements for pornography, advertisements on pornographic content, masturbatory aide, or prostitution (as otherwise taxed by this section) equal to 19 percent of the amount of such transaction. “(6) Masturbatory aides.—There is imposed a tax on any transaction involving any product intended to facilitate masturbation equal to 28 percent of the amount of such transaction. “(7) Advertisements of other taxable products.—There is imposed a tax on any transaction purchasing or otherwise paying for the display of advertisements containing anything otherwise taxed by this section (including depictions of anything taxed by this section) equal to 19 percent of the amount of such transaction. “(b) Amount of transaction.—In determining the amount of any transaction for the purposes of this chapter, all charges incident to the placing of such transaction shall be included; except that if the taxpayer establishes, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary, that an amount equal to the tax imposed by this chapter has been collected as a separate charge from the person liable for tax, the amount already collected shall be excluded. “(c) Persons liable for tax.—Each person who is engaged in the business of selling or distributing sexually explicit conduct or depictions thereof, selling advertisements displayed in any media which contains depictions of sexually explicit conduct, selling or distributing masturbatory aides, or purchasing advertisements for sexually explicit conduct or depictions thereof or masturbatory aides shall be liable for any applicable tax established under this section. “(d) Foreign pornography and foreign prostitutes.—In cases in which the origin or person liable for tax are outside of the United States, the rate of excise is doubled. “(e) Definitions.— “(1) The phrase “sexually explicit conduct” is defined as under section 2256(2)(A) of Title 18, U.S.C. “(2) The word “illegal” refers to anything prohibited by applicable state, tribal, territorial, or local law.”. “Sec. 5902. Obscenity excise tax” “(a) Every obscene, lewd, or lascivious, and every filthy book, pamphlet, picture, paper, letter, writing, print, or other publication of an indecent character, and every article or thing designed, adapted, or intended for preventing conception or producing abortion, or for any indecent or immoral use; and every article, instrument, substance, drug, medicine, or thing which is advertised or described in a manner calculated to lead another to use or apply it for preventing conception or producing abortion, or for any indecent or immoral purpose and every written or printed card, letter, circular, book, pamphlet advertisement, or notice of any kind giving information directly or indirectly, where, or how, or of whom, or by what means any of the hereinbefore-mentioned matters, articles or things may be obtained or made, or where or by whom any act or operation of any kind for the procuring or producing of abortion will be done or performed or how or by what means conception may be prevented or abortion may be produced, whether sealed or unsealed; and every letter, packet, or package, or other mail matter containing any filthy, vile, or indecent thing, device or substance and every paper, writing, advertisement or representation that any article, instrument, substance, drug, medicine, or thing may, or can be, used or applied, for preventing conception or producing abortion, or for any indecent or immoral purpose; and every description calculated to induce or incite a person to so use or apply any such article, instrument, substance, drug, medicine, or thing, is hereby declared to be a non-mailable matter and shall not be conveyed in the mails or delivered from any post office or by any letter carrier. Whoever shall knowingly deposit or cause to be deposited for mailing or delivery, anything declared by this section to be non-mailable, or shall knowingly take, or cause the same to be taken, from the mails for the purpose of circulating or disposing thereof, or of aiding in the circulation or disposition thereof, shall be fined not more than five thousand dollars, or imprisoned not more than five years, or both. “(b) Whoever, within the District of Columbia or any of the Territories of the United States shall sell or shall offer to sell, or to lend, or to give away, or in any manner to exhibit, or shall otherwise publish or offer to publish in any manner, or shall have in his possession, for any such purpose or purposes, an obscene book, pamphlet, paper, writing, advertisement, circular, print, picture, drawing or other representation, figure, or image on or of paper or other material, or any cast instrument, or other article of an immoral nature, or any drug or medicine, or any article whatever, for the prevention of conception, or for causing unlawful abortion, or shall advertise the same for sale, or shall write or print, or cause to be written or printed, any card, circular, book, pamphlet, advertisement, or notice of any kind, stating when, where, how, or of whom, or by what means, any of the articles in this section…can be purchased or obtained, or shall manufacture, draw, or print, or in any wise make any of such articles, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof in any court of the United States shall be imprisoned at hard labor in the penitentiary for not less than six months nor more than five years for each offense, or fined not less than costs of court. “(c) Foreign services (including foreign content or content provided through a foreign person) which provide content of the nature described in subsection (a) or (b) shall be taxed at a doubled rate.” “Sec. 5902. Obscenity excise tax” “(a) Imposition of tax.—There is imposed a tax on any transaction purchasing or otherwise paying for the display of any advertisement containing material that is obscene, lewd, lascivious, filthy, excessively violent, harassing, or disgusting equal to 8 percent of the amount of such transaction. “(b) Persons liable for tax.—Any person who ” “Sec. 5903. Occupational tax for sexual products.” “(a) Imposition of tax.—There is imposed an occupational tax upon persons liable for tax under this chapter of the amount of $10,000 per year. “(b) Foreign taxpayers.—Any foreign taxpayer liable for tax under this section shall pay a doubled taxable amount.” Sec. 910. Elimination of old credits. (a) Any refundable credit owed by the United States Government prior to the fiscal year of 2025 on any tax is void, and shall no longer be refundable after January 1, 2027 if not already refunded. (b) This section shall not be interpreted as amending or repealing any tax currently in effect. Sec. 911. Telephone excise tax. (a) In general.—Section 4251(b)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended as follows: “(1) Communications services.—The term “communications services” means any service providing access to a telephone system for a cost exceeding $200 per month.” (b) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2026. Sec. 912. Immigration equalization tax. (a) In general.—Subchapter B of chapter 21 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new section: “Sec. 3113. Immigration equalization tax. “(a) Imposition of tax.—A tax is hereby imposed on employers of persons who are not United States citizens within the borders of the United States equal to the amounts established by the Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Labor, under this section. “(b) Amount which would be paid to employ a citizen.—Any amount which would be paid to employ a full-time United States citizen employee in the same position and location with the same job description, including wages, taxes (including federal and state taxes), and any other expenses (including expense reimbursements), minus the amount spent on wages and expense reimbursements for such non-citizen. For the purpose of this subsection, the rate established under section 1401(a) shall be treated as 20 percent, and both employee and employer share of any tax imposed by this Code or any other expense related to employment shall apply. “(c) Surcharge for effect on labor supply.—A surcharge of at least 30% of the amount under subsection (b), or a greater amount determined to be necessary in order to counterbalance the impact of non-citizen labor on the wages of United States citizens, is imposed in addition to other amounts imposed by this section. “(d) Surcharge for past effects on labor supply.—A surcharge of at least 5% of the amount under subsection (b), or a greater amount determined to be appropriate to compensate for the effects of past non-citizen labor prior to the enactment of this section, is imposed in addition to other amounts imposed by this section. “(e) Transfers to Federal Health Insurance Trust Fund.—The Secretary shall transfer sums collected under this section to the Federal Health Insurance Trust Fund, except that such funds as may be collected as a result of taxes which would ordinarily be transferred to the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund or the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund shall be transferred to such Fund.”. (b) Effective date.—The tax imposed by this section shall be effective during the next fiscal year after the passage of this Act. Sec. 913. Donation to pay down national debt. (a) In general.—Subchapter A of chapter 61 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new part: “PART IX—Donations to pay down national debt “Sec. 6097. Donation to pay down national debt. “(a) General rule.—Every taxpayer who makes a return of the tax imposed by subtitle A for any taxable year may donate an amount (not less than $10), in addition to any payment of tax for such taxable year, which shall be deposited in the general fund of the Treasury. “(b) Manner and time of designation.—Any donation under subsection (a) for any taxable year— “(1) shall be made at the time of filing the return of the tax imposed by subtitle A for such taxable year and in such manner as the Secretary may by regulation prescribe, except that— “(A) the designation for such donation shall be either on the first page of the return or on the page bearing the taxpayer’s signature, and “(B) the designation shall be by a box added to the return, and the text beside the box shall provide: “'By checking here, I signify that in addition to my tax liability, I would like to donate the included payment to be used exclusively for the purpose of paying down the national debt.' “and “(2) shall be accompanied by a payment of the amount so designated. “(c) Treatment of amounts donated.—For purposes of this title, the amount donated by any taxpayer under subsection (a) shall be treated as a contribution made by such taxpayer to the United States on the last date prescribed for filing the return of tax imposed by subtitle A (determined without regard to extensions) or, if later, the date the return is filed. “(d) Transfers to account To reduce public debt.—The Secretary shall, from time to time, transfer to the special account established by section 3113(d) of title 31, United States Code, amounts equal to the amounts donated under this section. “(e) Public disclosures.—The Secretary shall establish rules to provide for public notice for the purpose of promoting donations through this section and shall issue public reminders regarding persons who, having made their tax returns public and advocated for increased taxation, have declined to make any donation toward the repayment of the national debt, and more broadly for the purpose of promoting the practice of donation to reduce the national debt.”. (b) Clerical amendment.—The table of parts for subchapter A of such chapter is amended by adding at the end the following new item: “PART IX. DONATIONS TO PAY DOWN NATIONAL DEBT.”. (c) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply to returns for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2026. Sec. 914. Tax reforms for improved social conditions. (a) Incentives for marriage.—Subchapter A of Chapter I of Subtitle A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by inserting a new Part V after Part IV as follows— “PART V—Special family-related taxes. “54B. Unmarried taxpayers above the age of 30.” “(a) Unmarried taxpayers above the age of 30.—There is hereby imposed on each unmarried taxpayer who has attained the age of 30 a tax in the amount of 5% of taxable income. Such tax shall be in addition to any other tax imposed by any law including this Code.”. “(b) Divorce doubling.—The tax established by subsection (a) shall be doubled in the case of a person who is unmarried as a result of divorce or separation.”. “(c) Surviving spouse exemption.—The tax established by subsection (a) shall be zero in the case of a person who is unmarried as a result of death of decedent spouse, unless the death of such spouse was caused by the surviving spouse.”. “(d) Religious exemption.—The tax established by subsection (a) shall be zero in the case of a person who is unmarried as a result of pursuit of a religious vocation, including obedience to a lifelong vow of celibacy.”. “54C. Childless taxpayers above the age of 30.” “(a) Childless taxpayers above the age of 30.—There is hereby imposed on each taxpayer who has no qualifying child attained the age of 30 a tax in the amount of 5% of taxable income. Such tax shall be in addition to any other tax imposed by any law including this Code.”. “(b) Dependentless doubling.—The tax established by subsection (a) shall be doubled in the case of a person who lacks dependents.”. “(c) Surviving spouse exemption.—The tax established by subsection (a) shall be zero in the case of a person who has no qualifying child due to the child surpassing the maximum eligible age or marrying.”. “(d) Religious exemption.—The tax established by subsection (a) shall be zero in the case of a person who has no qualifying child as a result of pursuit of a religious vocation, including obedience to a lifelong vow of celibacy.”. (b) Child support and alimony.—Section 73(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by inserting “(including child support amounts received after December 31, 2026)” after “services of a child”. (c) Keeping families together.—Section 1041 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended— (1) in subsection (a) as follows— “(a) General rule.—No gain or loss shall be recognized on a transfer of property from an individual to (or in trust for the benefit of) a spouse, provided that the transfer is not incident to a divorce. In any case in which tax is imposed upon a transfer of property that is incident to a divorce, the transferee will pay any tax incurred.”, (2) in subsection (b), by inserting “not incident to divorce” after “described”, (3) in subsection (c)— (A) in paragraph (1) by striking “or”, (B) in paragraph (2) by striking the period and inserting “, or” at the end, (C) and by inserting at the end a new paragraph (3) as follows— “(3) is part of a court-rewarded, arbitration-rewarded, or otherwise divorce-related transfer or structured settlement.”, (4) in subsection (d) as follows— “(d) Surcharge.—For purposes of funding the Internal Revenue Service, a surcharge of $5,000 plus 5% of taxable income shall be imposed upon any divorce-related transfer and $1,000 plus 2% of taxable income for each taxable year during which any structured settlement resulting from a divorce remains active. Furthermore, upon the initialization and finalization of any divorce, a $1,000 surcharge is imposed for the funding of the Department of the Treasury.”, (5) in subection (e), by inserting “, in respect to the non-recognition of certain gains or losses,” after “apply”, (5) by adding at the end the following new subsections: “(f) Deductions prohibited.—Any person who makes becomes a transferor incident to a divorce that is a no-fault divorce or who is at fault for divorce shall not be able to claim any deduction for any loss recognized under this section. “(g) Tax on divorce gains.—Any gains incident to divorce recognized under subsection (a) shall be taxed at double the regular rate.” (d) Making Marriage Great Again.—In general.—Section 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: “(k) Elimination of marriage penalty.—In the case of any taxable year beginning after December 31, 2020— “(1) in lieu of the table which would otherwise apply under subsection (a) or (j)(2)(A) for such taxable year, the table which applies under subsection (c) or (j)(2)(C), respectively, shall apply determined by substituting for each dollar amount contained therein a dollar amount which is twice such dollar amount (as otherwise in effect for such taxable year), “(2) subsection (c) shall be applied without regard to the phrase ‘who is not a married individual (as defined in section 7703)’, and “(3) subsections (d) and (j)(2)(D) shall not apply, except for persons who are regarded as married filing separate returns as a result of separation, divorce or taxpayers in a relationship not recognized as a marriage for purposes of this Code under section 7703; for taxpayers who finalize a divorce after the conclusion of the taxable year 2026, subsection (d) shall apply to taxable years after the conclusion of taxable year 2027.”. (e) Restoration of Marriage in America.—Section 7703 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by inserting at the end a new subsection (c) as follows— “(c) Restriction of marriage to protect against marriage fraud and reduce budget deficit.—No individual shall be treated as married if the person is engaged in any non-monogamous relationship, is married to an individual of the same biological sex, is married to a relative (including a first cousin, second cousin, third cousin, descendant, ancestor, brother, sister, uncle, aunt, nephew, niece, or any qualifying relative as defined by section 152), is married to a person who is not a citizen of the United States, or is married to an individual who has not achieved the age of sixteen years postbirth. Any person who is divorced will continue to be treated as married filing separately until such a time that a divorcee can once again file jointly with a spouse.”. (f) Definition of Marriage in America.—Section 7 of title 1, United States Code, is amended to read as follows: “Sec. 7. Definition of ‘Marriage’ and ‘Spouse’. “(a) In determining the meaning of any Act of Congress, or of any ruling, regulation, or interpretation of the various administrative bureaus and agencies of the United States, the word ‘marriage’ means only a legal union between one man and one woman as husband and wife, and the word ‘spouse’ refers only to a person of the opposite sex who is a husband or a wife within the context of such a marriage, provided that— “(1) such persons are neither ancestor nor descendant to each other, nor siblings nor half-siblings related by blood, nor first cousins, “(2) neither person is an illegal alien, “(3) both persons, at the time of the establishment of the marriage covenant, fulfilled all applicable Federal and State legal requirements for marriage, and “(4) both persons are above the age of 18 or had an age difference of less than 5 years. “(b) More stringent definitions may be adopted, provided that they comply with this section, in order to better prevent marriage fraud and achieve government objectives. “(c) This section shall hold effect notwithstanding any other Act of legislation and shall implicitly modify the rules of construction for such legislation.” (g) Concurrent recognition of State marriage law.—Section 1738C of title 28, United States Code, is amended to read as follows: “Sec. 1738C. Certain acts, records, and proceedings and the effect thereof “No State, territory, or possession of the United States, or Indian tribe, shall be required to give effect to any public act, record, or judicial proceeding of any other State, territory, possession, or tribe respecting a relationship not defined as a marriage under the laws of such other State, territory, possession, or tribe, or a right or claim arising from such relationship, unless such relationship is defined as a marriage under Federal law: Provided, that the States shall enjoy continue to enjoy the right to establish more stringent definitions of marriage pursuant to compelling state interests and such laws defining the relationship of marriage shall be treated, in light of the right of marriage, with intermediate scrutiny.” (h) Conforming amendments.—Section 275(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended— (1) by inserting a new paragraph after paragraph (6) as follows: “(7) Taxes imposed by sections 54B, 54C, 59A, 1041, 4401, 4378, or by subtitle E of this Code.”, and (2) by amending paragraph (6) as follows: “(6) Taxes imposed by chapters 37, 38, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 49, 50A, 51, 52, 54, and 56.”. Sec. 915. Definition of head of household. (a) Section 2 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended— (1) in subparagraph (b)(1)(A) as “maintains as his home a household which constitutes for more than one-half of such taxable year the principal place of abode, as a member of such household, any non-child person who is a dependent of the taxpayer, if the taxpayer is entitled to a deduction for the taxable year for such person under section 151, or”, (2) by striking subparagraph (b)(2)(A), (3) by inserting “, provided that no decree of divorce or separation occurred during such taxable year” after the second instance of the phrase “taxable year”. (b) Section 152(a) of such Code is amended by inserting “a person who is both a United States citizen and either” after “means”. (c) Section 152(b)(3) of such Code is amended as follows: “(3) Citizenship requirement of deduction.—The term “dependent” does not include an individual who is not a citizen or national of the United States or an individual who is claimed by a taxpayer who is not a United States citizen.”. (d) Section 152(c)(1) of such Code is amended by inserting “who is a United States citizen” after “individual”. (e) Section 152(d)(1) of such Code is amended by inserting “who is a United States citizen” after “individual”. (f) Section 152(f)(1)(A) of such Code is amended by inserting “born or conceived during the taxpayer's marriage to the biological coparent of such child which did not end by means of divorce (except that, in such a case that the taxpayer remarries to the biological coparent of such child by January 2, 2028, the divorce will be regarded as never having occurred for taxable years subsequent to the year in which such remarriage occurred)” after “taxpayer”. Sec. 916. Gross income calculation and equitable tax rules. (a) In general.—Section 61(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended— (1) in paragraph (13), by striking “and”, (2) in paragraph (14), by striking the period and inserting “; and” (3) by inserting paragraph (15) as follows: “(15) any public benefit or the fair market value thereof, including federal public benefits as well as public benefits provided by State, Tribal, Territorial, Foreign, and other governments, as well as any benefits gained via divorce.” (b) Effective date.—This section shall be effective Sec. 917. Adjustment of base erosion amounts. (a) In general.—Section 59A(b)(1)(A) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking “10.5 percent (5 percent in the case of taxable years beginning in calendar year 2026)” and inserting “50 percent”. (b) Effective date.—This section shall be treated as retroactive to the taxable years 2026 through 2026. Sec. 918. Foreign labor tax fairness. (a) In general.—Section 3121(b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking paragraphs (1), (18), and (19). (b) Restoration of Subversive Activities Defunding.—Section 210(a) of the Social Security Act is amended by inserting a new paragraph after (16) as follows: “(17) service in the employ of any organization which is performed (A) in any year during any part of which such organization is registered, or there is in effect a final order of the Subversive Activities Control Board requiring such organization to register, under the Internal Security Act of 1950, as amended, as a Communist-action organization, a Communist-front organization, or a Communist-infiltrated organization, and (B) after June 30, 1956;” Sec. 919. Incentives to divest disqualified PRC securities. (a) Treatment as ordinary gain.—Part IV of subchapter P of chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new section: “Sec. 1261. Gain from disposition of disqualified PRC securities. “(a) In general.—Any gain on the disposition of any disqualified PRC security shall be treated as ordinary income and shall be recognized notwithstanding any other provision of this subtitle. “(b) Definitions.—For purposes of this section— “(1) DISQUALIFIED PRC SECURITY.—The term ‘disqualified PRC security’ means any specified interest held directly or indirectly with respect to any of the following: “(A) The Government of the People’s Republic of China or any other governmental entity based in the People’s Republic of China. “(B) The Chinese Communist Party or any subdivision or affiliate thereof. “(C) A person who is a citizen, national, or resident of the People’s Republic of China, provided that such person is not an individual who is— “(i) a citizen or lawful permanent resident of the United States, or “(ii) domiciled in Taiwan possessing a valid identification card or number issued by the government of Taiwan. “(D) A person (including a legal entity) headquartered, organized under the laws of, or having its principal place of business in the People’s Republic of China. “(E) A person at least 15 percent of the outstanding voting interest of which is held directly or indirectly by an entity described in subparagraphs (A)–(D). “(F) A person at least 25 percent of the outstanding voting interest of which is held directly or indirectly by any combination of persons described in subparagraphs (A)–(E). “(2) SPECIFIED INTEREST.—The term ‘specified interest’— “(A) means, with respect to a person— “(i) stock or any other equity or profits interest of such person, “(ii) debt issued by such person, and “(iii) any contract or derivative with respect to an interest described in clause (i) or (ii), and “(B) includes any interest held, directly or indirectly, through— “(i) a regulated investment company, exchange traded fund, or other pooled investment, or “(ii) any derivative financial instrument or other contractual arrangement with respect to such interest (including any financial instrument or other contract which seeks to replicate any financial return with respect to such interest). “(3) PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA.—The term ‘People’s Republic of China’ includes Special Administrative Regions, including Hong Kong and Macau, but does not include Taiwan.”. (b) Net PRC securities gain subject to highest rate of income tax.— (1) INDIVIDUALS.—Section 1 of such Code is amended by adding at the end the following subsection: “(k) Net PRC securities gain subject to highest rate of income tax.— “(1) IN GENERAL.—The tax imposed under subsections (a), (b), (c), (d), and (e) shall be increased by the product of— “(A) the highest rate of tax in effect under such subsection, multiplied by “(B) the net PRC securities gain of the taxpayer for the taxable year. “(2) PREVENTION OF DOUBLE TAXATION.—For purposes of subsections (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e), taxable income (determined without regard to this paragraph) shall be reduced by the net PRC securities gain of the taxpayer for the taxable year. “(3) NET PRC SECURITIES GAIN.—For purposes of this subsection, the term ‘net PRC securities gain’ means the excess (if any) of— “(A) the taxpayer’s aggregate gains on the dispositions of disqualified PRC securities for the taxable year, over “(B) the taxpayer’s aggregate losses on the dispositions of disqualified PRC securities for such taxable year.”. (2) CORPORATIONS.—Section 11(b) of such Code is amended to read as follows: “(b) Amount of tax.—The amount of the tax imposed by subsection (a) shall be the sum of— “(1) 21 percent of the excess (if any) of— “(A) taxable income, over “(B) net PRC securities gain, plus “(2) the product of— “(A) the highest rate of tax in effect under section 1, multiplied by “(B) the lesser of taxable income or net PRC securities gain (as defined in section 1(k)(3)).”. (c) Clerical amendment.—The table of sections for part IV of subchapter P of chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new item: “Sec. 1261. Gains from disposition of disqualified PRC securities.”. (d) Effective date.— (1) IN GENERAL.—The amendments made by this section shall apply to dispositions made during taxable years starting 2027. (2) APPLICATION TO FIRST TAXABLE YEAR.—For purposes of determining net PRC securities gain with respect to any taxable year which includes the date which is 6 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, only dispositions of disqualified PRC securities (as defined in section 1261(b)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended by this section) after such date shall be taken into account. (e) Election To pay tax liability attributable to dispositions made in anticipation of increased tax in installments.— (1) IN GENERAL.—In the case of any taxpayer which has a net PRC tax liability for any taxable year, such taxpayer may elect to pay such liability in 3 equal installments. (2) DATE FOR PAYMENT OF INSTALLMENTS.— If an election is made under paragraph (1), the first installment shall be paid on the due date (determined without regard to any extension of time for filing the return) for the return of tax for the taxable year referred to in paragraph (1) and each succeeding installment shall be paid on the due date (as so determined) for the return of tax for the taxable year following the taxable year with respect to which the preceding installment was made. (3) ACCELERATION OF PAYMENT.—If there is an addition to tax for failure to timely pay any installment required under this subsection, a liquidation or sale of substantially all the assets of the taxpayer (including in a title 11 or similar case), a cessation of business by the taxpayer, or any similar circumstance, then the unpaid portion of all remaining installments shall be due on the date of such event (or in the case of a title 11 or similar case, the day before the petition is filed). The preceding sentence shall not apply to the sale of substantially all the assets of a taxpayer to a buyer if such buyer enters into an agreement with the Secretary of the Treasury (or the Secretary's delegate) under which such buyer is liable for the remaining installments due under this subsection in the same manner as if such buyer were the taxpayer. (4) PRORATION OF DEFICIENCY TO INSTALLMENTS.—If an election is made under paragraph (1) to pay the net PRC tax liability in installments and a deficiency has been assessed with respect to such liability, the deficiency shall be prorated to the installments payable under paragraph (1). The part of the deficiency so prorated to any installment the date for payment of which has not arrived shall be collected at the same time as, and as a part of, such installment. The part of the deficiency so prorated to any installment the date for payment of which has arrived shall be paid upon notice and demand from the Secretary of the Treasury (or the Secretary's delegate). This subsection shall not apply if the deficiency is due to negligence, to intentional disregard of rules and regulations, or to fraud with intent to evade tax. (5) ELECTION.—Any election under paragraph (1) shall be made not later than the due date for the return of tax for the taxable year referred to in paragraph (1) and shall be made in such manner as the Secretary of the Treasury (or the Secretary's delegate) shall provide. (6) NET PRC TAX LIABILITY.—For purposes of this subsection— (A) IN GENERAL.—The term “net PRC tax liability” means, with respect to any taxpayer for any taxable year, the excess (if any) of— (i) such taxpayer’s net income tax for such taxable year, over (ii) such taxpayer’s net income tax for such taxable year determined without regard to any gains or losses from the disposition of disqualified PRC securities (as defined in section 1261(b)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as added by this section) during the 6-month period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act. (B) NET INCOME TAX.—The term “net income tax” means the regular tax liability reduced by the credits allowed under subparts A, B, and D of part IV of subchapter A. (7) INSTALLMENTS TREATED AS TAX.—For purposes of subtitle F of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, any installment due under this subsection shall be treated in the same manner as tax except as otherwise provided in this subsection. (f) Denial of foreign tax credit for income attributable to disposition of disqualified PRC securities.—Section 901 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by redesignating subsection (n) as subsection (o) and by inserting after subsection (m) the following new subsection: “(n) Denial of foreign tax credit with respect to income attributable to disposition of disqualified PRC securities.—No credit shall be allowed under subsection (a) with respect to any foreign income tax on income attributable to gain from the disposition of a disqualified PRC security (as defined in section 1261(b)(1)).”. Sec. 920. Excise Taxes on High Fructose Corn Syrup and Soy. (a) In General.—Subchapter D of chapter 32 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new section: “Sec. 4192. Excise tax on high fructose corn syrup and soy. “(a) Imposition of Tax.—There is hereby imposed on the sale or use by the manufacturer, producer, or importer of high fructose corn syrup or soy a tax equal to 20 percent of the price for which so sold or used, as well as a $2,5000 per annum occupational tax for each such manufacturer, producer, or importer. “(b) Increased Rate on Imports.—In the case of imported high fructose corn syrup or soy, the rate of tax under subsection (a) shall be 40 percent. “(c) Definitions.—For purposes of this section— “(1) High fructose corn syrup means any syrup derived from corn starch containing more than 42 percent fructose. “(2) Soy means soybeans and any products derived therefrom, including soy oil and soy meal. “(d) Deposit of Revenues.—All revenues collected under this section shall be deposited into the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund established under section 1817 of the Social Security Act during any year in which such Fund is expected to experience net revenue of less than $40 billion.”. (b) Clerical Amendment.—The table of sections for subchapter D of chapter 32 of such Code is amended by adding at the end the following new item: "Sec. 4192. Excise tax on high fructose corn syrup and soy.”. (c) Effective Date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply to sales and uses after December 31, 2026. Sec. 921. Excise tax on offshored profits to fund Medicare. (a) Excise tax imposed.—Chapter 43 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new section: “SEC. 4980M. Excise tax on offshored profits. “(a) Imposition of tax.—There is hereby imposed on each applicable taxpayer a tax equal to 25 percent of the offshored profits for the taxable year, plus an additional 10 percent surcharge if the Secretary of Labor certifies that the offshoring reduced payroll tax contributions to the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund. “(b) Offshored profits.—The term ‘offshored profits’ means the portion of the taxpayer’s worldwide income attributable to operations (including manufacturing and services such as customer support performed through foreign contractors) conducted outside the United States that displace at least 50 full-time equivalent United States jobs or reduce the domestic tax base, as determined by the Secretary in consultation with the Secretary of Labor. “(c) Applicable taxpayer.—Any domestic corporation with gross receipts exceeding $500,000,000 in the taxable year. “(d) Credits and exceptions.—The tax shall be reduced by 75 percent for any taxpayer that repatriates the offshored jobs and creates an equivalent number of domestic jobs within two years. The tax shall not apply if the Secretary of Labor certifies no net job loss occurred. “(e) Phase-in for service industries.—The tax rate shall be 10 percent in the first taxable year beginning after December 31, 2026, 20 percent in the second such year, and 35 percent (base rate plus surcharge where applicable) thereafter. “(f) Deposit.—All amounts collected under this section shall be deposited into the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund established under section 1817 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395i).” (b) Clerical amendment.—The table of sections for chapter 43 of such Code is amended by adding at the end the following new item: “Sec. 4980M. Excise tax on offshored profits.” (c) Reporting, enforcement, and annual GAO review.—Each applicable taxpayer shall file an annual report with the Secretary detailing foreign contractor arrangements (including customer support contracts) and job impacts. Noncompliance shall incur a penalty equal to 1000 percent of the tax due. The Comptroller General shall submit an annual report to Congress on the impact of this division on Hospital Insurance Trust Fund revenues and domestic employment. (d) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2026. TITLE X-Small Business Financial Recovery Sec. 1001. Forgiveness of certain debts. (a) EIDL reform.—Economic Injury Disaster Loans taken out by a business established prior to December 1, 2019 shall be convertible into Paycheck Protection Program loans and treated similarly for purposes of forgiveness. (b) Foreclosure suspension.—The Administrator of the Small Business Administration shall have the authority to promulgate emergency regulations to restrict the foreclosure of small business properties and protect small businesses against creditors notwithstanding the Fiscal Responsibility Act: Provided, that such authority shall lapse on January 1, 2030 and shall no longer have effect after such date. Sec. 1002. TITLE XI-Foreign Aid Reduction and Sanctions Act of 2026 Sec. 1101. Deadwood repeals. (a) Section 1796 of Title 22 is hereby repealed. (b) Section 1853 of Title 22 is hereby repealed. Sec. 1102. Discontinuation of aid to certain undemocratic governments. All appropriations for aid to countries on the continents of Europe, North America, or Oceania which implement policies restricting democracy, including censorship or restriction of the internet, selective measures to finance favored political parties, dissolution of opposition parties by the State, and other methods used to suppress free speech, are hereby rescinded, and no aid may go to such governments, but aid may go to such organizations which support the restoration of democracy in such states. Sec. 1103. Discontinuation of aid to certain governments in violation of UDHR. All appropriations for aid to countries on the continents of Asia, Africa, Europe, or Oceania which do not properly enforce Article 18 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, or otherwise, via action or inaction, fail to protect religious liberty for their citizens, are hereby rescinded. Sec. 1104. Relationship with future law. If Congress appropriates further monies for countries whose funding is rescinded via sections 1103 and 1104, then such funding shall be suspended and shall not be disbursed until such a time that such countries shall be compliant with sections 1103 and 1104, unless said countries should discontinue all such practices within the fiscal year or years in or for which such funding was issued. Sec. 1105. Relationship with particular religious systems. Section 1104 of this Title shall not be interpreted as applying to systems of laicite as implemented by countries which allocate spending to religious organizations, except if such funding shall involve the taxation of religious organizations which do not receive spending from the government, unless said money could be available if access to it were not waived. Sec. 1106. Relations with Russia. The Russian Federation shall be removed from lists of foreign adversaries of the United States, and any State or Tribal law which designates Russia as a foreign adversary shall be preempted. Sec. 1107. Removal of designation. 10 U.S.C. 4872(f)(2)(C) is amended as “(C) the Syrian Arab Republic; and”. Sec. 1108. Extension of ineligibility. Any country on the continent of Europe which acts to restrict the freedom of another country to refuse to implement any law or policy against its democratic will shall be regarded as violating section 1103 of this Act, and sanctions on such countries shall be enacted. Sec. 1109. Genocide restitution. All appropriations for aid to countries which, after 1988, implemented any campaign of genocide (as defined by the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide), via theft of land, educational abuse, discouragement of reproduction, employment discrimination, public advocacy for violence, or any other act which could be interpreted as genocide under the Genocide Convention, are hereby rescinded until such a time that such genocide has been undone in demographic terms, all stolen lands are returned, populations of victim groups have recovered to former levels as of 1988 or a post-1988 peak, and formal ratification of the Genocide Convention has occurred. Sec. 1110. Waivers for certain countries. On account of circumstances, the countries of South Sudan, India, Afghanistan, Iraq, Kuwait, Serbia, Sudan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Liberia, Bolivia, Venezuela, and Sierra Leone may be issued waivers by the Department of State for certain requirements under this section. Sec. 1111. Exception to help genocide victims. Notwithstanding section 1109, aid to undo actions which caused rescission of spending under such section may be delivered, provided that necessary and proper measures ensure that such aid truly undoes such actions. Sec. 1112. Restriction to combat transnational trafficking. No appropriation shall be interpreted as funding any form of human trafficking, including sex trafficking, or funding any organization which conducts or funds any form of human trafficking, including sex trafficking; furthermore, if it is held that any appropriation for funding does any money to go towards any organization engaged in any form of human trafficking, then notwithstanding any other provision of law such funding is rescinded. Sec. 1113. Prohibition on funding for the Taliban and Afghanistan. (a) There is hereby rescinded all of the unobligated balances from the amounts appropriated or otherwise made available to the covered funds for reconstruction activities in Afghanistan. (b) In this section, the term “covered funds” includes but is not limited to the following amounts appropriated for Afghanistan— (1) the Afghanistan Security Forces Fund (ASFF); (2) the Economic Support Fund (ESF); (3) International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement (INCLE); (4) the Commanders’ Emergency Response Program (CERP); (5) Drug Interdiction and Counter-Drug Activities (DICDA); (6) Migration and Refugee Assistance (MRA); (7) International Disaster Assistance (IDA); and (8) Non-Proliferation, Antiterrorism, Demining, and Related (NADR). (c) No funds shall be disbursed to the Afghan or Pakistani Taliban organizations, or to any other organization affiliated to the Taliban, and any such amounts already appropriated are hereby rescinded. TITLE XII-SPENDING REDUCTION ACT Sec. 1201. Defunding of sexual education. Section 394 of Title 47 U.S.C. is amended by adding the following new subsection: “(j) No funding for any educational program intended for a child less than thirteen years old shall include any material related to sex (including sexual orientation and gender identity).” Sec. 1202. Defunding of promotion of sexual propaganda, flags, and ideology. No federal funds shall be spent on any promotion of homosexual, bisexual, or transsexual propaganda, flags, or ideology. Sec. 1203. Defunding of insurrection. No federal funds shall be spent on the promotion of any insurrection against the United States or any of its protectorates. Sec. 1204. Defunding of removal of regional and State flags. No federal funds shall be spent on the removal (directly, indirectly, or by coercion against a foreign or non-governmental entity) of any historical flag of the Confederate States of America, of the flags of any current or former flags of the United States or of any State of the United States, or any effort to coerce a State of the United States to modify its flag. Sec. 1205. Cost savings enhancements. (a) In general.— (1) DEFINITIONS.—Section 4511 of title 5, United States Code, is amended— (A) in the section heading, by striking “Definition” and inserting “Definitions”; and (B) in subsection (a)— (i) by striking “this subchapter, the term” and inserting the following: “this subchapter— “(1) the term”; (ii) by striking the period at the end and inserting “; and”; and (iii) by adding at the end the following: “(2) the term ‘surplus salaries and expenses funds’ means amounts made available for the salaries and expenses account, or equivalent account, of an agency— “(A) that are identified by an employee of the agency under section 4512(a) as unnecessary; “(B) that the Inspector General of the agency or other agency employee designated under section 4512(b) determines are not required for the purpose for which the amounts were made available; “(C) that the Chief Financial Officer of the agency determines are not required for the purpose for which the amounts were made available; and “(D) the rescission of which would not be detrimental to the full execution of the purposes for which the amounts were made available.”. (2) AUTHORITY.—Section 4512 of title 5, United States Code, is amended— (A) in subsection (a)— (i) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by inserting “or identification of surplus salaries and expenses funds” after “mismanagement”; (ii) in paragraph (2), by inserting “or identification” after “disclosure”; and (iii) in the matter following paragraph (2), by inserting “or identification” after “disclosure”; and (B) by adding at the end the following: “(c) (1) The Inspector General of an agency or other agency employee designated under subsection (b) shall refer to the Chief Financial Officer of the agency any potential surplus salaries and expenses funds identified by an employee that the Inspector General or other agency employee determines meet the requirements under subparagraphs (B) and (D) of section 4511(a)(2), along with any recommendations of the Inspector General or other agency employee. “(2) (A) If the Chief Financial Officer of the agency determines that potential surplus salaries and expenses funds referred under paragraph (1) meet the requirements under section 4511(a)(2), except as provided in subsection (d), the head of the agency shall transfer the amount of the surplus salaries and expenses funds from the applicable appropriations account to the general fund of the Treasury. “(B) Any amounts transferred under subparagraph (A) shall be deposited in the Treasury and used for deficit reduction, except that in the case of a fiscal year for which there is no Federal budget deficit, such amounts shall be used to reduce the Federal debt (in such manner as the Secretary of the Treasury considers appropriate). “(3) The Inspector General or other agency employee designated under subsection (b) for each agency and the Chief Financial Officer for each agency shall issue standards and definitions for purposes of making determinations relating to potential surplus salaries and expenses funds identified by an employee under this subsection. “(d) (1) The head of an agency may retain not more than 10 percent of amounts to be transferred to the general fund of the Treasury under subsection (c)(2). “(2) Amounts retained by the head of an agency under paragraph (1) may be— “(A) used for the purpose of paying a cash award under subsection (a) to 1 or more employees who identified the surplus salaries and expenses funds; and “(B) to the extent amounts remain after paying cash awards under subsection (a), transferred or reprogrammed for use by the agency, in accordance with any limitation on such a transfer or reprogramming under any other provision of law. “(e) (1) Not later than October 1 of each fiscal year, the head of each agency shall submit to the Secretary of the Treasury a report identifying the total savings achieved during the previous fiscal year through disclosures of possible fraud, waste, or mismanagement and identifications of surplus salaries and expenses funds by an employee. “(2) Not later than September 30 of each fiscal year, the head of each agency shall submit to the Secretary of the Treasury a report that, for the previous fiscal year— “(A) describes each disclosure of possible fraud, waste, or mismanagement or identification of potentially surplus salaries and expenses funds by an employee of the agency determined by the agency to have merit; and “(B) provides the number and amount of cash awards paid by the agency under subsection (a). “(3) The head of each agency shall include the information described in paragraphs (1) and (2) in each budget request of the agency submitted to the Office of Management and Budget as part of the preparation of the budget of the President submitted to Congress under section 1105(a) of title 31. “(4) The Secretary of the Treasury shall submit to the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives, and the Government Accountability Office an annual report on Federal cost saving and awards based on the reports submitted under paragraphs (1) and (2). “(f) The Director of the Office of Personnel Management shall— “(1) ensure that the cash award program of each agency complies with this section; and “(2) submit to Congress an annual certification indicating whether the cash award program of each agency complies with this section. “(g) Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this subsection, and every 3 years thereafter, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to Congress a report on the operation of the cost savings and awards program under this section, including any recommendations for legislative changes.”. (3) TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of sections for subchapter II of chapter 45 of title 5, United States Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 4511 and inserting the following: “4511. Definitions and general provisions.”. (4) SUNSET.—Effective 6 years after the date of enactment of this Act— (A) section 4511 of title 5, United States Code, is amended— (i) in the section heading, by striking “Definitions” and inserting “Definition”; and (ii) in subsection (a)— (I) in paragraph (1), by striking “; and” and inserting a period; (II) by striking “this subchapter—” and all that follows through “the term ‘agency’ means” and inserting “this subchapter, the term ‘agency’ means”; and (III) by striking paragraph (2); (B) section 4512 of title 5, United States Code, is amended— (i) in subsection (a)— (I) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking “or identification of surplus salaries and expenses funds”; (II) in paragraph (2), by striking “or identification”; and (III) in the matter following paragraph (2), by striking “or identification”; and (ii) by striking subsections (c) through (g); and (C) the table of sections for subchapter II of chapter 45 of title 5, United States Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 4511 and inserting the following: “4511. Definition and general provisions.”. (b) Officers eligible for cash awards.— (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 4509 of title 5, United States Code, is amended to read as follows: “Sec. 4509. Prohibition of cash award to certain officers “(a) Definition.—In this section, the term ‘agency’— “(1) has the meaning given the term in section 551(1); and “(2) includes an entity described in section 4501(1). “(b) Prohibition.—An officer may not receive a cash award under this subchapter if the officer— “(1) serves in a position at level I of the Executive Schedule; “(2) is the head of an agency; or “(3) is a commissioner, board member, or other voting member of an independent establishment.”. (2) TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of sections for subchapter I of chapter 45 of title 5, United States Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 4509 and inserting the following: “4509. Prohibition of cash award to certain officers.”. Sec. 1206. Prohibitions on receipt of Federal student loans and loan forgiveness for convicted felons. (a) Prohibitions.— (1) LOAN FORGIVENESS.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an individual described in paragraph (3) shall not be eligible to have any covered loan, or a portion of such loan, forgiven, cancelled, waived, or modified under the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.) or under any other Executive Order or action of the Department of Education. (2) LOAN RECEIPT.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an individual described in paragraph (3) shall not be eligible to receive a loan made under part D of title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087a et seq.). (3) AFFECTED INDIVIDUAL.—An individual described in this paragraph is an individual who is convicted of any felony offense under any Federal, State, Territorial, Tribal, or Local law or who has been dishonorably discharged from the armed forces of the United States or of any State or Territory thereof. (b) Definitions.—In this section: (1) COVERED LOAN.—The term “covered loan” means— (A) a loan made, insured, or guaranteed under part B, D, or E of title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1071 et seq.; 1087a et seq.; 1087aa et seq.) before, on, or after the date of enactment of this Act; or (B) a loan under the Health Education Assistance Loan Program under title VII of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 292 et seq.) made before, on, or after the date of enactment of this Act. (2) INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION.—The term “institution of higher education” has the meaning given that term in section 102 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1002). Sec. 1207. Drug screening and testing under State programs for temporary assistance for needy families. (a) Prohibition.—Section 408(a) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 608(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(13) NO ASSISTANCE FOR INDIVIDUALS WHO FAIL DRUG SCREENING OR TESTING OR ARE NOT SCREENED OR TESTED FOR DRUG USE.— “(A) IN GENERAL.—A State to which a grant is made under section 403 shall not use any part of the grant to provide assistance for an individual who has attained 18 years of age, unless, before receipt of the assistance— “(i) the State makes a determination, in a manner the State considers appropriate, of whether the individual has or has not been arrested for a drug-related offense during the 5-year period immediately preceding the date on which the determination is made; “(ii) in the case of an individual who is determined by the State to have been arrested for a drug-related offense during the 5-year period provided in clause (i), the individual tests negative for not less than 1 controlled substance, as specified by the State, in such manner and at such times as the State determines to be appropriate; and “(iii) in the case of an individual who is determined by the State not to have been arrested for a drug-related offense during the 5-year period provided in clause (i), the individual— “(I) completes substance abuse screening in such manner and at such times as the State considers appropriate; and “(II) (aa) is determined pursuant to such screening not to have a high risk of abuse of a controlled substance; or “(bb) is determined pursuant to such screening to have a high risk of abuse of a controlled substance and tests negative for not less than 1 controlled substance, as specified by the State, in such manner and at such times as the State determines to be appropriate. “(B) EFFECT OF FAILING DRUG TEST.—In the case of an individual who tests positive for a controlled substance pursuant to subparagraph (A)(ii) or (A)(iii)(II)(bb), a State shall not provide assistance under the State program funded under this part for the individual for a period beginning on the date on which the State determines that the test result is positive and ending on the latest of— “(i) the date that is 12 months after the date on which the State determines that the test result is positive; “(ii) the date on which the individual successfully completes a treatment program for each controlled substance for which the individual tested positive; or “(iii) the date on which the individual tests negative for each such controlled substance, in such manner and at such times as the State determines to be appropriate. “(C) RESPONSIBILITY FOR TESTING AND SCREENING.— “(i) MANNER AND TIME.—A State may provide for testing and screening pursuant to paragraph (1), and retesting and rescreening pursuant to paragraph (2), in such manner and at such times as the State agency considers appropriate. “(ii) COSTS.—A State may not require an individual to pay the cost of testing or screening conducted pursuant to this paragraph. “(D) NO EFFECT ON ASSISTANCE FOR OTHER FAMILY MEMBERS.—The amount of assistance payable for a family member of an individual for whom assistance is denied pursuant to this paragraph shall not be affected by the denial. “(E) DEFINITIONS.—In this paragraph: “(i) CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE.—The term ‘controlled substance’ means, with respect to an individual, any controlled substance as defined in section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802) that is not used by such individual pursuant to a valid prescription or as otherwise authorized by law. “(ii) DRUG-RELATED OFFENSE.—The term ‘drug-related offense’ means any criminal offense under State or Federal law relating to the manufacture, sale, distribution, use, or possession with intent to manufacture, sell, distribute, or use, of a controlled substance. “(iii) SUBSTANCE ABUSE SCREENING.—The term ‘substance abuse screening’ means an interview, questionnaire, or other screening instrument approved by the State, that is designed to be used to determine whether an individual has a high risk of abuse of a controlled substance.”. (b) Penalty.— (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 409(a) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 609(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(17) FAILURE TO CONDITION RECEIPT OF BENEFITS ON PASSING DRUG TESTING OR SCREENING.—If the Secretary determines that a State to which a grant is made under section 403 for a fiscal year has substantially failed to comply with section 408(a)(13) during the fiscal year, the Secretary shall reduce the grant payable to the State under section 403 for the immediately succeeding fiscal year by an amount equal to 15 percent of the State family assistance grant.”. (2) INAPPLICABILITY OF GOOD CAUSE EXCEPTION.—Section 409(b)(2) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 609(b)(2)) is amended by striking “or (13)” and inserting “(13), or (17)”. (3) INAPPLICABILITY OF CORRECTIVE COMPLIANCE PLAN REQUIREMENT.—Section 409(c)(4) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 609(c)) is amended by striking “or (16)” and inserting “(16), or (17)”. (c) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall take effect on the first day of the first calendar month that begins after the 240-day period that begins with the date of the enactment of this Act. Sec. 1208. Drug screening and testing under the supplemental nutrition assistance program. (a) Drug testing and screening required for eligibility.—Section 6 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2015) is amended by adding at end the following: “(t) Eligibility based on required drug testing and screening.— “(1) IN GENERAL.—An individual who has attained 18 years of age and who is otherwise eligible to participate in the supplemental nutrition assistance program as a member of a household shall be eligible to participate in such program only if before such assistance is provided with respect to such individual— “(A) the State determines, in a manner the State considers appropriate, whether such individual has or has not been arrested for a drug-related offense during the 5-year period ending on the date on which the determination is made; “(B) in the case of an individual who is determined by the State to have been arrested for a drug-related offense during such 5-year period, such individual tests negative for not less than 1 controlled substance, as specified by the State, in such manner and at such times as the State considers appropriate; and “(C) in the case of an individual who is determined by the State not to have been arrested for a drug-related offense during such 5-year period, such individual— “(i) completes substance abuse screening, in such manner and at such times as the State considers appropriate; and “(ii) (I) is determined pursuant to such screening not to have a high risk of abuse of a controlled substance; or “(II) is determined pursuant to such screening to have a high risk of abuse of a controlled substance and tests negative for not less than 1 controlled substance, as specified by the State, in such manner and at such times as the State considers appropriate. “(2) EFFECT OF A POSITIVE DRUG TEST RESULT.—If an individual tests positive for a controlled substance pursuant to paragraph (1), such assistance may not be provided with respect to such individual for a period beginning on the date on which the State agency determines that the test result is positive and ending on the latest of— “(A) the date that is 1 year after the date on which the State agency determines that the test result is positive; “(B) the date on which such individual successfully completes a treatment program for each controlled substance for which the individual tested positive pursuant to paragraph (1); and “(C) the date by which the test result for such individual is not positive for each controlled substance for which the individual tested positive pursuant to paragraph (1). “(3) RESPONSIBILITY FOR TESTING AND SCREENING.— “(A) The State agency may provide for testing and screening pursuant to paragraph (1), and retesting and rescreening pursuant to paragraph (2), in such manner and at such times as the State agency considers appropriate. “(B) The State agency may not require an individual or a household to pay the cost of a test or screening conducted pursuant to this subsection. “(4) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this subsection: “(A) CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE.—The term ‘controlled substance’ means a controlled substance as defined in section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802) that is not used by the tested individual pursuant to a valid prescription or as otherwise authorized by law. “(B) DRUG-RELATED OFFENSE.—The term ‘drug-related offense’ means any criminal offense under State or Federal law relating to the manufacture, sale, distribution, use, or possession with intent to manufacture, sell, distribute, or use, of a controlled substance. “(C) SUBSTANCE ABUSE SCREENING.—The term ‘substance abuse screening’ means an interview, questionnaire, or other screening instrument approved by the State, that is designed to be used to determine whether an individual has a high risk of abuse of a controlled substance.”. (b) Reduction of reimbursement for administrative costs.—Section 16 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2025) is amended— (1) in subsection (a) by striking “subsection (k)” and inserting “subsections (k) and (l)”, and (2) by adding at end the following: “(l) Failure To enforce drug testing and screening requirements.—If the Secretary determines that the State agency failed substantially to enforce the eligibility requirement established in section 6(t) in a fiscal year, the Secretary shall reduce by 15 percent the amount otherwise payable under subsection (a) to such State agency for the immediately succeeding fiscal year.”. (c) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall take effect 240 days after the date of the enactment of this Act. Sec. 1209. Drug screening and testing under public housing and section 8 rental assistance programs. (a) Prohibition.—Section 214 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 1436a) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(j) Prohibition of housing assistance for individuals who fail drug screening or testing or are not screened or tested.— “(1) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the applicable administrative entity may not make covered housing assistance available for the benefit of any individual who has attained 18 years of age, unless, before such assistance is provided with respect to such individual— “(A) the applicable administrative entity makes a determination, in a manner the entity considers appropriate, of whether the individual has or has not been arrested for a drug-related offense during the 5-year period immediately preceding the date on which the determination is made; “(B) in the case of an individual who is determined by the applicable administrative entity to have been arrested for a drug-related offense during the 5-year period provided in subparagraph (A), the individual tests negative for each controlled substance that the entity has determined to be appropriate for testing; and “(C) in the case of an individual who is determined by the applicable administrative entity not to have been arrested for a drug-related offense during the 5-year period provided in clause (i), the individual— “(i) completes substance abuse screening in such manner and at such times as the entity considers appropriate; and “(ii) (I) is determined pursuant to such screening not to have a high risk of abuse of a controlled substance; or “(II) is determined pursuant to such screening to have a high risk of abuse of a controlled substance and tests negative for each controlled substance that the entity has determined to be appropriate for testing. The applicable administrative entity shall determine that not less than 1 controlled substance, as specified by the entity, is appropriate for testing for purposes of this paragraph. “(2) EFFECT OF FAILING DRUG TEST.—If an individual tests positive for a controlled substance pursuant to paragraph (1)(B) or (1)(C)(ii)(II), covered housing assistance may not be provided with respect to such individual for the period beginning on the date on which the applicable administrative entity determines that the test result is positive and ending on the latest of— “(A) the date that is 12 months after the date on which the applicable administrative entity determines that the test result is positive; “(B) the date on which the individual successfully completes a treatment program for each controlled substance for which the individual tested positive; and “(C) the date on which the individual tests negative for each such controlled substance, in such manner and at such times as the applicable administrative entity determines to be appropriate. “(3) RESPONSIBILITY FOR TESTING AND SCREENING.— “(A) MANNER AND TIME.—An applicable administrative entity may provide for testing and screening pursuant to paragraph (1), and retesting and rescreening pursuant to paragraph (2), in such manner and at such times as the entity determines to be appropriate. “(B) COSTS.—An applicable administrative entity may not require an individual or family to pay the cost of a test or screening conducted pursuant to this subsection. “(4) PRORATION OF FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE.—If an individual for whose benefit covered housing assistance is prohibited pursuant to this subsection is a member of family that includes at least one other member whose eligibility under this subsection for such assistance has been affirmatively established pursuant to testing under this subsection, covered housing assistance made available to such family shall be prorated, based on the number of individuals in the family for whom eligibility under this subsection for such assistance has been affirmatively established pursuant to testing under this subsection as compared with the total number of individuals who are members of the family. “(5) FAILURE TO ENFORCE DRUG TESTING REQUIREMENT.—If the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development determines that a public housing agency has substantially failed to comply with this subsection during a fiscal year, the Secretary shall reduce by 15 percent the amount otherwise provided to the agency, for the immediately succeeding fiscal year, under each of the following programs: “(A) The public housing Capital Fund program under section 9(d) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437g(d)). “(B) The public housing Operating Fund program under section 9(e) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437g(e)). “(C) All programs for rental housing assistance under section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f). “(6) USE OF HOUSING ASSISTANCE AMOUNTS FOR TESTING.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, amounts made available under the following provisions of law may be used for costs of testing individuals for controlled substances for purposes of compliance with this section, as follows: “(A) Amounts made available under the public housing Operating Fund program under section 9(e) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437g(e)) may be used for such testing for residents of, and applicants for residency in, public housing. “(B) Amounts made available to a public housing agency for administrative fees under section 8(q) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f(q)) may be used for such testing for individuals on behalf of whom rental assistance under such section is provided by the agency and applicants for such assistance. “(C) Amounts made available for project-based rental assistance under section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f) may be used for such testing for residents of, and applicants for residency in, dwelling units in housing projects for which such assistance is provided. “(7) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this subsection, the following definitions shall apply: “(A) APPLICABLE ADMINISTRATIVE ENTITY.—The term ‘applicable administrative entity’ means— “(i) a public housing agency, with respect to covered housing assistance administered by such agency; and “(ii) the Secretary, with respect to project-based rental assistance under section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f). “(B) CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE.—The term ‘controlled substance’ means, with respect to an individual, a controlled substance as defined in section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802) that is not used by such individual pursuant to a valid prescription or as otherwise authorized by law. “(C) COVERED HOUSING ASSISTANCE.—The term ‘covered housing assistance’ means financial assistance made available pursuant to the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437 et seq.). “(D) DRUG-RELATED OFFENSE.—The term ‘drug-related offense’ means any criminal offense under State or Federal law relating to the manufacture, sale, distribution, use, or possession with intent to manufacture, sell, distribute, or use, of a controlled substance. “(E) SUBSTANCE ABUSE SCREENING.—The term ‘substance abuse screening’ means an interview, questionnaire, or other screening instrument approved by the applicable administrative entity that is designed to be used to determine whether an individual has a high risk of abuse of a controlled substance. “(8) OTHER PROVISIONS OF LAW.—This subsection may not be construed to affect the applicability of any provision of section 576 or 577 of the Quality Housing and Work Responsibility Act of 1998 (42 U.S.C. 13661, 13662) or of section 6(l), 8(o)(7), or 16(f) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437n(f)), except that the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development shall ensure that any standards or lease provisions established pursuant to such sections are consistent with this subsection.”. (b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall take effect on the first day of the first calendar month that begins after the expiration of the 240-day period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act. Sec. 1210. Ending cashless bail. (a) In general.—No covered grant program shall be made available to a State or unit of local government that permits pre-trial release— (1) on personal recognizance; or (2) upon execution of an unsecured appearance bond. (b) Termination of funds.— (1) IDENTIFICATION.—Not later than 30 days after the date of enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Attorney General shall— (A) identify any State or unit of local government that permits the types of pre-trial release described under subsection (a); and (B) provide a list of any such State or unit local government identified in subparagraph (A) to the head of each Federal agency that administers a covered grant program. (2) TERMINATION.—Not later than 90 days after receiving a list described under paragraph (1), the head of each Federal agency that administers a covered grant program shall terminate the provision of any funds under such a program made available by the Federal agency to each State or unit of local government identified in such list. (c) Reinstating funds.—Not later than 180 days after the Attorney General removes a State or unit of local government from a list described under subsection (b)(1), the head of each Federal agency that administers a covered grant program shall reinstate the funding terminated under subsection (b)(2) to such State or unit of local government in accordance with any otherwise applicable requirements. (d) Definitions.—In this section: (1) COVERED GRANT PROGRAM.—The term “covered grant program” means the following grant programs: (A) The Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant Program established under subpart 1 of part E of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (34 U.S.C. 10151 et seq.). (B) The grant programs established under, or pursuant to, the following sections of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (34 U.S.C. 10101 et seq.): (i) Section 1901. (ii) Section 2015(a)(3). (iii) Section 2921. (iv) Section 2951. (v) Section 2976. (vi) Section 2991. (vii) Section 3041. (C) The grant programs established under the following sections of the Second Chance Act of 2007 (34 U.S.C. 60511 et seq.): (i) Section 115. (ii) Section 201. (iii) Section 211. (iv) Section 241. (D) The grant program established under section 20102 of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (34 U.S.C. 12102). (E) Pell grants awarded to eligible incarcerated students (as described under section 484 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1091) through the Federal Pell Grant program established under section 401 of such Act). (F) The grant program established under section 225 of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3305). (G) The grant programs established under sections 105 and 106 of the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (42 U.S.C. 5106 and 5106a). (H) The grant program established by section 217 of the Victim of Child Abuse Act of 1990 (34 U.S.C. 20323). (I) Grant programs administered by the Legal Services Corporation established under title X of the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2996 et seq.). (2) HEAD OF EACH FEDERAL AGENCY.—The term “head of each Federal agency” includes the president of the Legal Services Corporation. TITLE XIII-NDAA REPEAL ACT 1301. Repeal of NDAA 2021.—The William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026, including all amendments made by it, is hereby repealed. 1302. Chinese influence redeuction.—No funds may be provided to an institution of higher education that hosts a Confucius Institute or any other cultural institute directly or indirectly funded by the People's Republic of China. 1303. Repeal of NDAA 2022.—The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 is hereby repealed, including all amendments made by it, except for subtitle E of Title XVI. 1304. Prohibition on Chinese contractors.—Neither the United States Government nor its contractors may subcontract work to the People's Republic of China or any person or corporation associated to it without express authorization of the Director of National Intelligence. 1305. Prohibition on Chinese imports.—The United States Department of War is prohibited from importation of Chinese products without the express authorization of the Director of National Intelligence. TITLE XIV-ADMINISTRATIVE STREAMLINING ACT Sec. 1401. Abolition of independent agencies. (a) Department of Homeland Security.—The Social Security Administration, Social Security Advisory Board, Committee on National Security Systems, Election Assistance Commission, and Global Tech Security Commission shall be part of the Department of Homeland Security. (b) Department of Transportation.—The Surface Transportation Board, National Transportation Safety Board, Railroad Retirement Board, National Railroad Passenger Corporation, United States Postal Service, Postal Regulatory Commission, Federal Maritime Commission, and Northeast Corridor Commission shall be part of the Department of Transportation. (c) Department of Commerce.—The Federal Trade Commission, Federal Communications Commission, Export-Import Bank of the United States, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Commodity Futures Trading Commission, Securities and Exchange Commission, Securities Investor Protection Corporation, Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board, Institute of Museum and Library Services, Federal Library and Information Center Committee, National Science Foundation, National Science Board, Federal Laboratory Consortium for Technology Transfer, Arctic Research Commission, Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, Small Business Administration, Trade and Development Agency, Access Board, National Council on Disability, Corporation for Travel Promotion, International Trade Commission, and International Broadcasting Bureau shall be part of the Department of Commerce. (d) Department of Interior.—The Tennessee Valley Authority, Environmental Protection Agency, Delaware River Basin Commission, Susquehanna River Basin Commission, Mississippi River Commission, Morris K. Udall and Stewart L. Udall Foundation (aka “Udall Foundation"), Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, American Battle Monuments Commission, General Services Administration, Smithsonian Institution, National Gallery of Art, Helen Keller National Center, Federal Geographic Data Committee, Marine Mammal Commission, Appalachian Regional Commission, Delta Regional Authority, Mt. McKinley Commission (the former Denali Commission), Migratory Birds Conservation Commission, National Indian Gaming Commission, Utah Reclamation, Mitigation, and Conservation Commission, Presidio Trust, Northern Border Regional Commission, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, National Park Foundation, Holocaust Memorial Museum, and Office of Navajo and Hopi Relocation shall be part of the Department of the Interior. (e) Department of War.—The Selective Service System, National Security Commission on Artificial Intelligence, and Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board shall be part of the Department of War. (f) Department of State.—The Millennium Challenge Corporation, Commission for the Preservation of America's Heritage Abroad, African Development Foundation, Agency for Global Media, Peace Corps, Inter-American Foundation, Congressional-Executive Commission on China, United States Agency for International Development, Office of the Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction, Central Intelligence Agency, United States Trade Representative, National Archives and Records Administration, Japan-United States Friendship Commission, Commission on International Religious Freedom, International Development Finance Corporation, and Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe shall be part of the Department of State. (g) Department of Energy.—The Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board, Office of the Federal Coordinator for Alaska Natural Gas Transportation Projects (formerly Office of the Federal Coordinator, Alaska Natural Gas Transportation Projects), Northwest Power Planning Council, Northwest Power and Conservation Council, Pacific Northwest Electric Power and Conservation Planning Council, North American Electric Reliability Corporation, and Federal Energy Regulatory Commission shall be part of the Department of Energy. (h) Department of Treasury.—The Federal Reserve System, National Credit Union Administration, Social Security Trust Fund, National Bipartisan Commission on the Future of Medicare, Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board, all assets of the former United States Institute of Peace, and Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation shall be part of the Department of the Treasury. (i) Department of Labor.—The Federal Labor Relations Authority, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Chemical and Hazard Safety Board, National Labor Relations Board, National Mediation Board, Federal Mediation and Concillation Service, Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission, and Corporation for National and Community Service shall be part of the Department of Labor. (j) Department of Health and Human Services.—The Reagan-Udall Foundation for the Food and Drug Administration, Office of the Special Inspector General for Pandemic Recovery, National Endowment for the Humanities, National Council for the Traditional Arts, Commission of Fine Arts, National Endowment for the Arts, Corporation for Public Broadcasting, Harry S. Truman Scholarship Foundation, James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation, Vietnam Education Foundation, Barry M. Goldwater Scholarship in Excellence and Education Program, Medicare Payment Advisory Commission, Medicaid and CHIP Payment and Access Commission, and the former Departments of Education and Veterans Affairs (unless transferred elsewhere by the President) shall be part of the Department of Health and Human Services. (k) Department of Justice.—The Civil Rights Cold Cases Review Board, Commission on Civil Rights, Office of Special Counsel, National Advisory Council on Violence Against Women, and Federal Election Commission shall be part of the Department of Justice. (l) Office of Personnel Management.—The Merit Systems Protection Board, Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board, Federal Employees Retirement System, Civil Service Retirement System and Office of Government Ethics shall be part of the Office of Personnel Management. (m) Department of Housing and Urban Development.—The Federal Housing Finance Agency shall be part of the Department of Housing and Urban Development. (n) Department of Agriculture.—The Farm Credit Administration shall be part of the Department of Agriculture. (o) Office of Management and Budget.—The Administrative Conference of the United States, Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency, Fiscal Responsibility and Reform Commission, and shall be part of the Office of Management and Budget. (p) Contingency.—In the case that an agency named in this Title is dissolved, the parent department shall assume responsibility for any activities which it conducts, unless such responsibilities shall be withdrawn or transferred via Act of Congress, executive order, or some other authoritative reorganizational action. TITLE XV-CRIMINAL JUSTICE REFORM FOR ECONOMIC IMPROVEMENT ACT Sec. 1501. Short title. This Act may be cited as the “Criminal Justice Reform for Economic Improvement Act of 2026” or as the “Criminal Justice Reform and Judiciary Simplification Act of 2026”. Sec. 1502. Knowing distribution of fentanyl where death results. Part D of the Controlled Substances Act is amended by adding at the end the following: “Sec. 424. Knowing distribution of fentanyl where death results. “Any person who is convicted of an offense under section 401(a)(1) or section 416 by distributing, possessing with intent to distribute, or manufacturing fentanyl shall, if death results, be punished— “(1) by death or imprisonment for any term of years or for life; and “(2) by a fine under title 18, United States Code.”. Sec. 1503. Vandalism and graffiti against mass transportation systems; assaults committed on mass transportation systems. (a) In general.—Chapter 97 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 1992 the following: “Sec. 1993. Vandalism and graffiti against mass transportation systems “(a) Offenses.—Whoever, in a circumstance described in subsection (c), knowingly— “(1) defaces, damages, destroys, or disfigures any mass transportation vehicle, facility, or property (as such terms are defined in section 1992(d)) by means of graffiti, tagging, or other form of inscription or defacement; or “(2) possesses tools, materials, or equipment that may be used to commit an act described in paragraph (1) with the intent to use such items to commit an act described in paragraph (1), “shall be punished as provided in subsection (b). “(b) Penalties.— “(1) IN GENERAL.—Whoever commits an offense under subsection (a) shall be fined under this title, imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or both. “(2) AGGRAVATED OFFENSES.—Whoever commits an offense under subsection (a)— “(A) that results in damage or loss exceeding $1,000; or “(B) having been previously convicted under this section or under a comparable State law that prohibits vandalism or graffiti, shall be fined under this title, imprisoned for not more than 10 years, or both. “(c) Jurisdictional circumstances.—The circumstances referred to in subsection (a) are that— “(1) the offense affects interstate or foreign commerce; “(2) the mass transportation vehicle, facility, or property is used in interstate or foreign commerce or in any activity affecting interstate or foreign commerce; or “(3) the mass transportation vehicle, facility, or property receives Federal funding. “(d) Restitution.—Upon a conviction under this section, the court shall order restitution in an amount equal to the total cost of repair to, cleanup of, or replacement of the mass transportation vehicle, facility, or property, resulting from the offense. “Sec. 1994. Assaults committed on mass transportation systems “(a) Offenses.—Whoever, in a circumstance described in subsection (c) of section 1993, knowingly— “(1) assaults a transit worker (including an operator, conductor, driver, maintenance personnel, or security personnel) while such worker is engaged in the performance of their duties on or in connection with a mass transportation vehicle, facility, or property; or “(2) assaults a passenger on a mass transportation vehicle or at a mass transportation facility or property, “shall be punished as provided in subsection (b). “(b) Penalties.— “(1) SIMPLE ASSAULT.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), whoever commits an offense under subsection (a) shall be fined under this title, imprisoned for not less than 5 years and not more than 20 years, or both. “(2) AGGRAVATED ASSAULT.—Whoever commits an offense under subsection (a)— “(A) that involves the use of a dangerous weapon; “(B) that results in serious bodily injury; or “(C) having been previously convicted under this section, section 111, or comparable State law prohibiting assault, “shall be fined under this title, imprisoned for not less than 15 years and more than 20 years, or both.”. (b) Clerical amendment.—The table of contents for chapter 97 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 1992 the following: “1993. Vandalism and graffiti against mass transportation systems”. “1994. Assaults committed on mass transportation systems”.